当地时间11月29日，俄罗斯新罗西斯克附近的里海管道联盟石油码头遭到乌克兰无人艇攻击。里海管道 联盟表示，袭击导致码头2号系泊装置严重损毁，码头运营一度中断。 【文/观察者网 陈思佳】近日，乌克兰持续在黑海海域攻击与俄罗斯有关的能源设施和油轮，俄罗斯则 威胁要扩大对乌克兰港口和船舶的打击范围，引发国际社会担忧。据路透社12月4日报道，土耳其已呼 吁俄罗斯和乌克兰将能源设施排除在打击目标之外，确保能源供应不会中断。 土耳其能源部长阿尔帕斯兰·巴伊拉克塔尔3日表示："希望这场可怕的战争能结束。但就目前而言，我 们要对所有相关方——俄罗斯和乌克兰强调，应当让能源设施远离冲突。我们需要保证能源供应不会被 打断。"他强调，里海管道联盟等能源设施应该得到保护。 乌克兰总统泽连斯基上个月曾访问安卡拉，与土耳其总统埃尔多安会面。谈及这次会面的细节，巴伊拉 克塔尔表示："我们和泽连斯基讨论的话题，当然包括他们请求我们协助向乌克兰供应天然气。" 巴伊拉克塔尔称，土耳其油气管道运营商博塔斯公司正与乌克兰国家天然气公司讨论相关问题，乌克兰 和希腊也有类似的计划。他没有透露更多细节，但他表示，乌克兰拥有"巨大的地下储存能力"，这意味 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent Ukrainian drone attack on oil tankers in the Black Sea has significantly impacted global shipping and energy markets, leading to increased insurance costs and oil prices, while raising concerns about the safety of this crucial shipping route [1]. Group 1: Impact on Shipping Industry - The attack has caused widespread panic in the Black Sea shipping industry, with insurance costs skyrocketing from 0.3%-0.5% to 1.2%-1.5% since the onset of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, and a single voyage insurance premium increasing by approximately $3 million [3][5]. - Over 70% of shipowners have added clauses to their contracts requiring an additional safety premium of $500,000 to $1 million per voyage, leading to a 20% decrease in transportation efficiency in the region [5][7]. - The number of oil tankers stranded in the Black Sea has surged from 12 to 28, resulting in significant financial losses for shipping companies [5][11]. Group 2: Economic Implications - The attack on the "shadow fleet" vessels, which are crucial for Russian oil transport, has disrupted operations that account for $30 billion in annual foreign exchange income for Russia [11][13]. - Historical precedents indicate that increased shipping costs due to such attacks will ultimately be passed on to consumers, as seen during the Somali pirate crisis and the Suez Canal blockage in 2021 [15][17]. - The Black Sea is vital for global oil supply, with 2% of the world's daily oil supply transported through this route, emphasizing the broader economic ramifications of the attack [17]. Group 3: Geopolitical Context - The Ukrainian attack is part of a strategy to target Russia's oil transport capabilities, highlighting the complexities of modern warfare where military actions extend into civilian shipping domains [9][17]. - The situation underscores the interconnectedness of global economies, suggesting that no nation can remain unaffected by conflicts in a globalized world, and emphasizes the need for diplomatic solutions to restore shipping safety [17].

Group 1 - A Russian cargo ship named MIDVOLGA-2 was attacked in the Black Sea, approximately 80 nautical miles from the Turkish coastline, while carrying sunflower oil from Russia to Georgia [1] - The Ukrainian Security Service and Navy reportedly used unmanned boats to attack two oil tankers, KEROS and VILARTE, on November 28, causing significant damage and rendering them unable to continue sailing [1] - The Russian Foreign Ministry condemned the attacks on the oil tankers as "terrorist acts," highlighting the ongoing tensions in the region [1]

Core Insights - The article discusses a significant military operation where a $200,000 drone boat successfully attacked two Russian oil tankers valued at tens of millions of dollars, highlighting the potential economic impact on Russia's energy exports [1][3][20] Military Operations - On the night of November 28, two oil tankers, "Kairoas" and "Vilarat," were attacked by Ukraine's "Sea Baby" drone boat while heading to Russia's Novorossiysk port [3] - The drone boats are designed for asymmetric warfare, allowing low-cost attacks on high-value targets, showcasing a shift in modern military tactics [5][7] Technological Advancements - The "Sea Baby" drone boat has evolved from a simple suicide vessel to a sophisticated weapon with a range of 1,500 kilometers and a payload capacity of 320-850 kilograms, indicating significant advancements in military technology [5][7] - Future upgrades may include multi-barrel rocket launchers and machine gun turrets, enhancing its combat capabilities [7] Economic Implications - The attacks aim to disrupt Russia's oil revenue, which constitutes 30% to 50% of the federal budget, by targeting key oil export routes in the Black Sea [11][13] - The targeted tankers can carry nearly $70 million worth of oil, and the systematic nature of the attacks sends a strong signal about the reliability of Russian energy supplies [13][15] Geopolitical Context - Turkey's response to the attacks was notably cautious, reflecting its complex relationship with both NATO and Russia, as it relies on Russian gas for its energy needs [17] - Russia's naval capabilities have been diminished since 2022, limiting its ability to protect its oil exports from drone attacks, creating a strategic dilemma for the country [19] Conclusion - The incident underscores the vulnerability of the Russian economy and the intricate nature of geopolitical dynamics in the region, with Ukraine likely to continue its pressure on Russia's energy infrastructure [20]

Core Viewpoint - The recent drone attacks by Ukraine on the oil tankers "Kairos" and "Vilat" near the Turkish Strait may signify a new phase in the conflict, where Ukraine directly targets Russia's "shadow fleet" to weaken its oil export capabilities [3][26]. Group 1: Attack Details - On November 28, Ukraine's drones attacked the oil tankers "Kairos" and "Vilat," causing significant damage [3][26]. - The attacked tankers are part of Russia's "shadow fleet," which was formed to circumvent sanctions by modifying old tankers and frequently changing their flags and ownership [6][29]. Group 2: Economic Implications - Oil exports are one of the few remaining economic lifelines for Russia, and disrupting this channel could make the war increasingly difficult for them [6][29]. - Ukraine's recent attacks, including those on Novorossiysk, aim to increase pressure on Russia by targeting its critical oil export routes [6][29]. Group 3: International Reactions - Only three countries protested the attacks: Russia, Kazakhstan, and Turkey. Kazakhstan's protest is due to its reliance on Russian ports for 80% of its oil exports [8][31]. - Turkey's protest is seen as a routine response, as the attack occurred in its exclusive economic zone, posing threats to navigation, property, and the environment [9][31]. Group 4: Military Context - Russia's Black Sea Fleet is currently underperforming, with limited naval capabilities and a lack of air superiority in the region [12][25]. - The fleet consists of outdated vessels, including two 1135.6M-class frigates and several smaller ships, which are insufficient for effective escort duties without land-based air support [14][45]. Group 5: Future Outlook - Ukraine may escalate its attacks to completely block Russia's oil exports from the Black Sea, potentially leading to a more challenging situation for Russia [10][32]. - Russia's options to change the situation rely heavily on military force, but the current state of its Black Sea Fleet limits its effectiveness [12][34].

（责任编辑：宋政 HN002） 格隆汇12月2日｜土耳其当局表示，一艘悬挂俄罗斯国旗的油轮在黑海遭到袭击，这是一周内发生的第 四起此类事件。土耳其交通部海事事务局称，当时Midvolga-2号油轮正从俄罗斯驶往格鲁吉亚，船上装 载着葵花籽油，在土耳其北部海岸约80英里处遭到袭击。该局表示，该船未请求援助，船上13名船员安 然无恙，并补充说该船正使用自身动力驶往土耳其的锡诺普港。此次袭击发生前，发生了多起针对与俄 罗斯相关船只的袭击事件。最近几天，乌克兰声称袭击了两艘因运输俄罗斯石油而被制裁的油轮，这两 艘油轮在土耳其黑海沿岸附近被爆炸击中。另一艘油轮在塞内加尔海岸附近遭遇了爆炸。 【免责声明】本文仅代表作者本人观点，与和讯网无关。和讯网站对文中陈述、观点判断保持中立，不对所包含内容 的准确性、可靠性或完整性提供任何明示或暗示的保证。请读者仅作参考，并请自行承担全部责任。邮箱： news_center@staff.hexun.com ...

外媒：俄罗斯"影子舰队"两艘油轮遭乌克兰海军空袭 中新网12月1日电 据路透社当地时间11月30日报道，乌克兰官员11月29日表示，乌海军无人机在黑海袭 击了属于俄罗斯"影子舰队"的两艘油轮。报道称，当时这些船只正驶向俄罗斯港口装载出口原油。 据报道，乌克兰安全部门披露，被确认为"凯罗斯"号与"维拉特"号的两艘油轮在空载驶往俄黑海重要石 油枢纽新罗西斯克港途中遭袭。 报道介绍，近月来，乌克兰方面持续使用远程空中无人机打击俄境内炼油厂，将战火延伸至前线纵深区 域。 来源：中国新闻网 编辑：万可义 广告等商务合作，请点击这里 本文为转载内容，授权事宜请联系原著作权人 中新经纬版权所有，未经书面授权，任何单位及个人不得转载、摘编或以其它方式使用。 关注中新经纬微信公众号(微信搜索"中新经纬"或"jwview")，看更多精彩财经资讯。 该部门提供的现场视频显示，多架海军无人机以高速冲向庞大体量的油轮，随后引发剧烈爆炸并导致船 体起火。 路透社尚未核实视频中油轮身份及拍摄时空信息。 该部门在声明中强调："视频证据表明两艘油轮遭受结构性重创，已完全丧失运营能力。此举将对俄罗 斯石油运输体系形成有效打击。" ...

据悉，遭袭的"凯罗丝"号和"维拉特"号均为俄罗斯的"影子船队"，其目的地均为俄罗斯 黑海港口城市新罗西斯克。袭击使两艘油轮严重损坏，无法继续航行，将对俄罗斯石油运 输造成重大影响。 来源：央视新闻客户端 End 俄称黑海船只遇袭事件表明相关方公开寻求武装升级。 ▲ 俄罗斯外交部发言人扎哈罗娃（央视新闻客户端资料图） 俄罗斯外交部发言人扎哈罗娃11月30日就黑海靠近土耳其海域船只遭袭一事发表评论。 她强调，遇袭民用能源基础设施从未成为任何国际限制或约束措施的对象，她呼吁对此进 行谴责。 扎哈罗娃称，乌方特种部门实际上已承认参与上述袭击，并通过乌媒发布了实施袭击的视 频证据。同时她还表示， 袭击表明有关方面公开寻求武装升级，也暴露了基辅政权不具 备履约能力 。 土耳其海事总局 11月 28日晚说，一艘悬挂冈比亚国旗的"凯罗丝"号油轮在距离土耳其 海岸线28海里处，因遭受外力因素发生爆炸并起火。另一艘同样悬挂冈比亚国旗的"维拉 特"号油轮在距离"凯罗丝"号35海里处报告发生爆炸后起火。 欢迎分享给你的朋友！ 出品 | 中国能源报（c n e n e rg y） 编辑丨闫志强 ...

据悉，遭袭的"凯罗丝"号和"维拉特"号均为俄罗斯的"影子船队"，其目的地均为俄罗斯黑海港口城市新 罗西斯克。袭击使两艘油轮严重损坏，无法继续航行，将对俄罗斯石油运输造成重大影响。（总台记者 郝薇） 扎哈罗娃称，乌方特种部门实际上已承认参与上述袭击，并通过乌媒发布了实施袭击的视频证据。同时 她还表示，袭击表明有关方面公开寻求武装升级，也暴露了基辅政权不具备履约能力。 土耳其海事总局28日晚说，一艘悬挂冈比亚国旗的"凯罗丝"号油轮在距离土耳其海岸线28海里处，因遭 受外力因素发生爆炸并起火。另一艘同样悬挂冈比亚国旗的"维拉特"号油轮在距离"凯罗丝"号35海里处 报告发生爆炸后起火。 俄罗斯外交部发言人扎哈罗娃30日就黑海靠近土耳其海域船只遭袭一事发表评论。她强调，遇袭民用能 源基础设施从未成为任何国际限制或约束措施的对象，她呼吁对此进行谴责。 责编：张荣耀、卢思宇 ...

Core Points - Turkey expressed concern over the attack on two Gambian-flagged oil tankers in the Black Sea, which poses a serious threat to navigation safety, life, property, and the environment in the region [3]. Group 1 - The attack on the "Kairós" and "Vilarat" oil tankers occurred within Turkey's exclusive economic zone in the Black Sea [3]. - The Ukrainian Security Service and Navy reportedly used drones to carry out the attack, which resulted in significant damage to the tankers, rendering them unable to continue sailing [3]. - The targeted tankers are part of Russia's "shadow fleet," with their destination being the Russian Black Sea port city of Novorossiysk, indicating a potential major impact on Russian oil transportation [3]. Group 2 - The Turkish Maritime Authority reported that the "Kairós" tanker experienced an explosion and fire due to external factors, located 28 nautical miles from the Turkish coastline [3]. - The "Vilarat" tanker reported an explosion and fire 35 nautical miles from the "Kairós," highlighting the severity of the incidents [3].