中美这场关税战打到现在，让俄罗斯也"卷"了进来，就在中方对美打出组合拳，升级稀土管制后，美方也急于与中方通话，同时欧洲方面也不断释放信号， 要求就稀土管制问题展开讨论，这也让俄方看在眼里。最近，俄罗斯联邦安全会议秘书绍伊古决心已下，表示稀土行业不能再依赖中国和美国，俄罗斯要打 造一个自主稀土金属产业。 据俄罗斯卫星通讯社10月25日报道，俄罗斯联邦安全会议秘书绍伊古在《消息报》上发表署名文章，宣布一个重要决定，将投资超过7000亿卢布，约合人民 币630亿元，在西伯利亚建设关键金属深加工集群。该项目被定位为"集科学、教育、工业和投资于一体的生态系统"，目标是打造独立于中美的自主稀土产 业。 中美关税战自今年4月开打以来，双方已进行多个回合的加征关税反制，在这场关税战中，稀土资源成为焦点。中国对钐、钆、铽、镝、镥、钪、钇等七类 中重稀土相关物项实施出口管制。这些元素广泛应用于F-35战机、电动汽车电池、风力发电机、半导体等军工和高科技领域。面对中国的稀土管制，美国积 极寻找替代供应源。 俄罗斯则看到了这一机会，同时也让俄方看到，稀土行业不能依赖于他国，建立自己的独立供应链是重中之重。绍伊古的7000亿卢布投资计 ...

Core Insights - The strategic importance of rare earth minerals has become a key leverage point for major powers, particularly in military applications, with significant quantities required for advanced military vessels [1] - China holds a dominant position in the global rare earth market, possessing approximately 34% of the world's total reserves, which amounts to around 120 million tons [1][5] - The evolution of China's rare earth industry from a resource exporter to a leader in the high-end industrial chain showcases a significant transformation in its approach to resource management and technology [5][9] Industry Development - Historically, China's rare earth industry faced challenges due to lack of planning and rampant exploitation, leading to undervaluation of these resources [3] - The current process involves a comprehensive industrial chain, from exploration and mining to advanced separation and purification techniques, which are difficult for other countries to replicate [5] - Recent regulations by China's Ministry of Commerce and Customs aim to tighten export controls, ensuring that buyers are thoroughly vetted to prevent circumvention of restrictions, particularly by U.S. military contractors [7] Strategic Implications - The shift in China's rare earth strategy reflects a broader understanding of the resource's value, emphasizing the importance of maintaining control over core technologies and export channels [9] - As demand for rare earth elements continues to rise in high-end manufacturing and renewable energy sectors, their strategic value is expected to increase further [9] - China's approach of strict export management and strengthening the industrial chain positions it favorably in international negotiations and resource security [9]

Core Points - The article discusses a significant mineral agreement signed between Trump and Australian Prime Minister Albanese, amounting to $8.5 billion, aimed at securing critical minerals and rare earth resources for the U.S. within a year [1] - The U.S. is also exploring ways to secure a tungsten mine in Kazakhstan, potentially funding U.S. companies through government loans, which contrasts with its previous criticisms of Chinese market interventions [1] - The article highlights the challenges the U.S. faces in becoming a leader in rare earth supply, given China's dominance in refining and technology [7][10] Group 1: Agreement Details - The U.S. and Australia plan to invest over $1 billion in the next six months to initiate the first batch of cooperative projects, including a gallium refinery in Western Australia with an annual production capacity of 100 tons [3] - Gallium is identified as a crucial metal for the U.S. defense industry, and currently, there is no domestic production capacity in the U.S. [3] Group 2: Rare Earth Elements Context - Rare earth elements are essential for modern technology, including smartphones, F-35 fighter jets, 5G base stations, and satellite communications [5] - Recent Chinese export controls on rare earths have raised global concerns about over-reliance on Chinese supplies, prompting the U.S. to discuss measures with allies like Australia to reduce this dependency [5] Group 3: Challenges and Skepticism - Despite Trump's optimistic portrayal, experts express skepticism about the effectiveness of the U.S.-Australia rare earth agreement, citing China's technological advantages and the long timeline required for Australia to establish a complete production capacity [7][10] - Establishing a new rare earth supply chain in the U.S. is estimated to take up to ten years and require around $300 billion in investment, with environmental assessments potentially taking several years [7] Group 4: Political Implications - Analysts suggest that Trump's promotion of the agreement may be more about showcasing a tough stance against China rather than ensuring the project's success, as political dynamics in the U.S. could hinder its progress [10] - The article indicates that the key to the rare earth competition lies not in mineral ownership but in mastering core technologies, which currently remain under China's control [10]

Group 1 - Trump's statements have increasingly drawn skepticism, particularly from domestic media, as many perceive his exaggerated claims as habitual, leading to him being viewed as a source of misinformation [1] - Trump's assertion that Indian Prime Minister Modi promised to stop purchasing Russian oil was met with skepticism, as he acknowledged that this would require a process, albeit a quick one [4] - Both India and Russia responded publicly within a day, with Russia expressing confidence in its trade relationships and India reiterating its commitment to securing energy for its consumers amidst global volatility [7][8] Group 2 - India emphasized that its oil procurement is a domestic matter, with decisions made by enterprises without government interference, highlighting the critical need for energy to support its rapid development [8] - In 2023, India's oil export revenue reached $84.96 billion, ranking second globally, which underscores the improbability of India abandoning Russian oil [7] - India announced a commitment to stop exporting rare earth materials sourced from China to the U.S., a move that could provoke a reaction from the U.S. and reflects India's independent foreign policy stance [8][10] Group 3 - India's rare earth reserves are substantial, totaling 6.9 million tons, placing it among the top five globally, yet its production remains limited due to outdated extraction and refining technologies [9] - The U.S. has previously expressed anxiety over rare earth supply chains, which are vital for its high-tech industries, and India's actions could further complicate this situation [9][10] - Modi's government is actively seeking to diversify partnerships and repair relations with other countries to avoid over-reliance on the U.S., showcasing India's strategic positioning in the global economy [10]

Core Insights - The ongoing "rare earth war" between the US and China has intensified, with China taking strong countermeasures while the US shows no signs of backing down, particularly regarding military-related rare earths [1] - Rare earths play a crucial role in modern industries and military applications, being essential for various technologies from smartphones to advanced weaponry [1] - China's historical challenges in the rare earth industry have shifted, leading to significant advancements in technology and market control, allowing China to dominate the global rare earth supply chain [2][6] Industry Developments - China's Ministry of Commerce announced export controls on certain rare earth products containing Chinese components, causing significant pressure on US industries [5] - Despite having rare earth resources, the US lacks advanced purification technology, making it reliant on China for processing, with experts estimating hundreds of billions in investment and a decade needed to reduce this dependency [5] - China's rare earth industry has evolved into a complete supply chain, achieving self-sufficiency in production and processing, and gaining pricing power in the global market [6] Strategic Implications - The US has shifted from a confrontational stance to seeking negotiations on rare earths, indicating a loss of leverage in this strategic resource [8] - China's export control measures reflect its dominance in the global supply chain and its ability to set rules and standards, marking a significant shift in the traditional export model [8] - The ongoing competition over rare earths highlights their status as a strategic resource in US-China relations, with implications for global supply chain security and compliance [9][10]

随着中国实施新一轮的稀土出口管制，全球各国在这一领域的博弈愈加激烈，尤其是在中国与西方国家 之间的紧张局势。然而，另一个大国——俄罗斯，也在悄然调整其战略，计划在稀土产业中占据一席之 地。 俄罗斯的稀土产业规划 俄罗斯联邦安全会议秘书绍伊古最近发表声明，重点谈到了该国在稀土领域的未来规划。他明确表示， 俄罗斯急需建立一个"独立于中美"的稀土产业链，打造从矿产开采到产品制造的完整产业链。他指出， 这一目标的实现需要政府层面的强力支持。可以看出，俄罗斯此番言论背后，不仅仅是对稀土产业的规 划，更隐含了"独立于中美"这一重要立场。 为何俄罗斯要摆脱依赖？ 近年来，稀土资源在全球变得越来越重要，尤其是对于工业生产和军事装备的需求。俄罗斯深知，要确 保本国的制造业稳定发展，并为军备提供充足的资源，必须保证稀土及其相关资源的持续供应。然而， 俄罗斯虽然拥有丰富的稀土矿产储量，却在稀土加工和成品制造方面十分薄弱。据国际权威机构估算， 俄罗斯是世界上第五大稀土储量国，其稀土储量约为380万吨，但该国在全球的稀土生产量却仅占1%。 这意味着，尽管资源丰富，但俄罗斯的稀土产业还远未实现自给自足。 为何俄罗斯没能早早着手？ 许多国 ...

Core Viewpoint - The ongoing "rare earth war" between China and the United States has seen both sides engage in negotiations, with some progress on ordinary rare earth issues, but significant contention remains regarding military-use rare earths [1][9]. Group 1: Importance of Rare Earths - Rare earths, a collection of 17 rare metal elements, are crucial in modern industries, often referred to as "industrial vitamins" [1][3]. - They are essential in various applications, from smartphones and electric vehicles to advanced technologies like chips and military systems, with the F-35 stealth fighter requiring 417 kilograms of rare earths per unit [1][9]. Group 2: China's Rare Earth Industry Development - China's rare earth industry has evolved from being dominated by the U.S. in the mid-20th century to establishing a complete industrial chain and mastering core technologies [3][7]. - The industry faced challenges in the 1990s due to excessive competition and low prices, prompting regulatory changes to protect domestic resources [7][11]. Group 3: Recent Developments and Strategic Moves - On October 9, 2025, China announced export controls on certain rare earth products, requiring permits for products containing over 0.1% Chinese rare earth components, signaling a shift in global market dynamics [7][13]. - The U.S. heavily relies on China for its rare earth supply, with 87% of parts in over 80,000 U.S. weapon systems depending on Chinese processing [1][9]. Group 4: U.S.-China Strategic Competition - The strategic competition between the U.S. and China has intensified, with rare earths becoming a focal point in their ongoing trade disputes [11][15]. - The recent trade agreement in June 2023, which temporarily restored exports of certain rare earth elements from China to the U.S., highlights the critical role of rare earths in bilateral relations [13][15]. Group 5: Future Implications - China's export controls are not merely trade retaliation but part of a broader strategy to assert control over global supply chains and technology autonomy [15]. - The ongoing rare earth competition is expected to continue, with both nations needing dialogue to resolve differences and promote global economic stability [15].

绍伊古在文章中提到，俄罗斯为这一项目的总投资预计将超过7000亿卢布，而这一产业链的目标远不止 单纯的稀土加工，它将打造一个集科学研究、教育、工业和投资为一体的完整生态系统。 值得注意的是，俄罗斯并不缺乏稀土资源。托姆托尔矿和洛沃泽罗矿等地区，均拥有丰富的稀土金属储 量。然而，尽管稀土资源丰富，俄罗斯的稀土产量却相对较低。要建立一条完整的稀土生产链，俄罗斯 面临着巨大的挑战。 自从中国实施稀土管制政策以来，这一举措在全球范围内产生了深远的影响。各国纷纷感受到稀土供求 紧张的压力，纷纷寻找解决方案。近期，俄罗斯联邦安全会议秘书绍伊古就此发表了看法，强调稀土对 军工等行业的重要性，并指出俄罗斯计划构建独立于中美的自主稀土产业链，涵盖从矿产开采、稀土冶 炼到产品制造的全过程。 实际上，俄罗斯的这一计划并非新提法。早在今年2月，普京在一个关于稀土行业发展的会议上就曾透 露，俄罗斯希望在2030年前完成稀土加工产业链的建设。而中国推出的稀土管制政策，无疑加速了俄罗 斯对此目标的追求。 首先，俄罗斯当前的稀土分离提炼技术相对落后，现有的开采和提炼设备已经严重老化。其次，俄罗斯 的矿区多位于高纬度的严寒地带，开采条件十分艰 ...

俄罗斯这一紧急行动的背后，是中国稀土管制展现出的战略威力。 中国在2025年实施的稀土出口管制，不仅涵盖稀土原材料，还包括开采和加工技术。 这一举措让俄罗斯意识到，即便作为中国战略伙伴，在关键资源领域过度依赖他国也存在风险。 俄罗斯的稀土雄心：从资源大国到产业强国的转型计划 绍伊古提出的规划明确而宏大：俄罗斯政府将投入约612亿元人民币，在西伯利亚地区建设一个集稀土、稀有金属和新材料开发于一体的产业集合体。 这一 计划不限于简单的稀土加工，而是要打造一个涵盖科学、教育、工业和投资的完整生态系统。 俄罗斯拥有发展稀土产业的天然优势。 根据不同机构的评估，俄罗斯稀土储量在1000万至2800万吨之间，全球排名前五。 其托姆托尔矿和洛沃泽罗矿都是 世界级的稀土矿床，尤其是托姆托尔矿床的产量潜力占据全球的10%。 普京政府为稀土产业设定了具体目标：在2030年前成为全球五大稀土金属生产国之一，占据全球12%的市场份额。 这一目标与俄罗斯寻求新经济增长点的 需求紧密相连。 在能源出口面临挑战的背景下，稀土加工有望带动半导体等下游产业发展，为经济注入新动力。 中国对稀土出口的管制措施在全球引发连锁反应，俄罗斯迅速做出战略 ...

Core Viewpoint - Russia aims to reshape the global rare earth landscape by investing approximately 612 billion RMB in an independent rare earth industry in Siberia, signaling a shift towards strategic autonomy away from US and China influence [1][7]. Group 1: Investment and Development Plans - The investment will focus on creating a deep processing cluster for critical rare and rare earth metals in the Angara-Yenisei region, with the first phase expected to generate significant economic activity [1][9]. - Russia has identified at least 15 types of rare earth metals, with proven reserves exceeding previous estimates by the US Geological Survey, indicating a substantial resource base [3]. Group 2: Strategic Shift and Geopolitical Context - A notable shift in Russia's rare earth strategy occurred, moving from a willingness to collaborate with the US on resource development to a clear emphasis on establishing a self-sufficient domestic industry [7][11]. - The establishment of a complete domestic rare earth processing industry is deemed crucial for Russia's sovereignty and historical existence as a nation [7]. Group 3: Challenges and Industry Landscape - Despite ambitious plans, Russia faces significant challenges, including technological gaps and the need for domestic development of mining and processing equipment due to sanctions [13][14]. - The investment in the Angara-Yenisei region aims to create a comprehensive rare earth industry chain, but obstacles such as funding pressures and infrastructure deficits remain [14].