近日，英国《卫报》网站刊发文章指出，当下的美国经济正呈现一种奇怪的态势：物价上涨，就业增长停滞，不 确定性无处不在，而股市却飙升至历史新高。 这让"滞胀"这个美国人记忆当中的可怕词汇再度被提及。 英国《卫报》网站截图 "滞胀"是指经济增长"停滞"与物价"通胀"并存。这意味着企业正在减少生产和招聘，但价格却持续攀升。 一些经济学家认为，经济"滞胀"可能比"衰退"更糟。美国上一次经历长期滞胀是在20世纪70年代的石油危机期 间。当时油价上涨导致通胀上升，消费者削减支出又使得失业率上升。目前，美国经济虽未出现滞胀，但正逐渐 接近。 英国《卫报》网站截图 美国劳动力市场走软 通胀率走高 文章分析，今年春季特朗普宣布加征关税后，官方数据最初显示美国经济未受明显影响，新增就业岗位稳定增 加，通胀率降至2021年以来的最低水平。 与此同时，美国通胀率自4月开始回升，8月达到2.9%，为今年1月份以来的最高涨幅。 英国《卫报》网站截图 在哥伦比亚商学院经济学家布雷特·豪斯看来，今年1月，市场对未来一年经济衰退的预期处于3年来的最低水平， 同时预计通胀率将持续下降。但随后白宫经济政策的变化颠覆了这两种预期，市场对今年经济增长的 ...

Group 1 - The report emphasizes the cyclical nature of the Kondratiev wave, highlighting the historical context of major power shifts and the impact of technological revolutions on economic cycles [12][18][31] - The comparison between the 1930s trade war and current economic conditions suggests that the current global trade dynamics are more complex, with a higher percentage of GDP tied to global trade [3][11][30] - The report indicates that the current monetary system is undergoing a transformation, with the dollar facing challenges similar to those faced by the British pound in the 1930s, while gold is expected to appreciate as a hedge against fiat currency depreciation [2][31][32] Group 2 - The analysis of tariff impacts reveals that the quantitative effects of tariffs today may be significantly greater than those in the 1930s, while the price effects may be limited [3][4][30] - The report discusses the macroeconomic policy responses, noting that current strategies in China, such as dual monetary and fiscal easing, are seen as effective in stimulating domestic demand [4][5][30] - The fragmentation of trade patterns is highlighted, with the emergence of a multipolar trade currency system driven by current tariff policies and geopolitical tensions [4][5][30] Group 3 - The report outlines the political motivations behind tariffs, linking them to rising income inequality and the protection of traditional industries [5][6][30] - The technological revolution is identified as a key driver of the Kondratiev wave, with AI and related technologies poised to shape the next economic cycle [4][12][31] - The historical context of trade negotiations is examined, showing how surplus countries have historically sought to lower tariffs while deficit countries have maintained barriers [4][5][30]