Group 1 - The U.S. Department of Commerce announced an expansion of steel and aluminum tariffs to include hundreds of derivative products, with a 50% import duty set to take effect on August 18 [1][3] - The steel and aluminum tariffs have increased production costs for U.S. manufacturers, leading to concerns about rising prices for a wide range of products, including automobiles and consumer goods [1][4] - Major U.S. steel producers, such as Cleveland-Cliffs, have faced operational challenges, with some facilities shutting down due to weak demand and financial losses [3][4] Group 2 - The U.S. manufacturing sector is experiencing structural inflation pressures due to rising production costs from tariffs, particularly affecting industries reliant on imported materials [4][5] - The automotive industry is projected to raise vehicle prices by 5%-7% in 2025 due to the impact of tariffs, while pharmaceutical prices are also expected to rise significantly [5][6] - Barclays Bank predicts that the cumulative effect of tariffs could lead to a 0.8% increase in overall price levels in the U.S., with most of the price increases yet to be fully realized [6]