2025年12月16日，中国商务部发布裁定，对原产于欧盟的猪肉及副产品实施反倾销税，税率最高接近20%。 这项决定并非临时起意，而是依据《中华人民共和国反倾销条例》和世界贸易组织规则，在国内养殖业正式提出申请后，历经多月调查所作出的正式裁决。 公告一出，舆论迅速聚焦于中欧贸易关系的紧张走向。 不到二十四小时，法国总统马克龙即在公开场合表态："欧盟必须对中国保持开放。" 从2024年起，欧盟委员会主动发起对中国电动汽车的反补贴调查，即便没有成员国企业正式提出申诉。 这一回应来得异常迅速，也异常直接，几乎跳过了通常外交辞令的缓冲地带。 人们开始追问：是谁在主导这场节奏？ 欧洲是否真的有能力或意愿对华敞开大门？ 中国此次针对猪肉加征关税，表面看是贸易反制，实则构成一次策略性试探。 猪肉本身并非高附加值产业，却是欧盟农业出口的关键一环，尤其对法国、德国等国而言，中国是其猪肉出口的重要市场。 欧盟每年向中国出口的猪肉数量庞大，背后牵涉数万农户、加工企业与物流网络。 一旦中国设限，整个链条将承受直接冲击。 中方选择这一品类出手，不是随意之举，而是精准地切入了欧盟内部最敏感却最容易被忽视的农业利益板块。 这绝非无端报复。 ...

Group 1: Core Insights - The visit of King Felipe VI of Spain to China from November 10 to 13 marks the first state visit since his ascension and the first by a Spanish monarch in 18 years, highlighting the importance of bilateral relations [2][3] - Xi Jinping emphasized the strategic partnership between China and Spain, aiming to enhance cooperation in various fields including trade, technology, and cultural exchanges [3][4] - The signing of 10 cooperation documents in areas such as trade and education signifies a deepening of economic ties, with Spain positioning itself as a key partner for China in Europe [4][6] Group 2: Economic Cooperation - Spain aims to deepen economic collaboration with China, focusing on sectors like renewable energy, digital economy, and artificial intelligence, while also increasing imports of quality Spanish products [3][5] - The bilateral trade relationship is particularly strong in the pork and pharmaceutical industries, with Spanish pork exports to China increasing by 8% in the first seven months of the year, reaching €700 million [6] - Spanish companies are increasingly investing in China, with around 400 Spanish firms currently operating in the country, and an expected 9,000 Spanish companies exporting to China in 2024 [5][6] Group 3: Cultural and Diplomatic Engagement - Cultural exchanges are a significant aspect of the visit, with activities commemorating Spanish poet Antonio Machado and the importance of cultural institutions like the Confucius Institute and the Cervantes Institute [7][8] - The extension of visa-free policies for Spanish citizens traveling to China is part of broader diplomatic efforts to enhance mutual understanding and cooperation [7][8] - The visit is seen as a strategic move for Spain to maintain its independent foreign policy while navigating the complexities of international relations, particularly in the context of US-China tensions [8]