人只有在最无助的时候，才知道谁是真朋友，谁是假兄弟，这句话用在现在的德国身上，简直太贴切了。就在几个月前，德国政客还在跟着美国后面喊"去 风险"，甚至对中国的廉价商品嗤之以鼻，摆出一副"高贵欧洲人"的架子。 然而，随着特朗普挥舞起关税大棒，无差别地收割欧洲盟友，德国经济瞬间陷入了寒冬。被美国背刺的德国，终于清醒了过来。 财长克林拜尔火速访华，不仅不再提那些刺耳的指责，反而把拿到中国稀土承诺当成了救命稻草。这一幕深刻地揭示了地缘政治的残酷真相：美国的盟友， 不过是美国的耗材；而中国，才是德国工业最后的避风港。 德国被迫重回中国怀抱 11月20日，德国政府公布的最新数据显示，今年前三季度，德国与中国的贸易总额逆势增长0.6%，达1859亿欧元，中国成功反超美国，再次成为德国最大 贸易伙伴。 与此同时，德国对美贸易额下降了3.9%。这一数据反转的背景，是特朗普重返白宫后，对欧盟实施了高达15%的基准关税。正是在这种巨大的外部压力下， 德国财长克林拜尔展开了访华之旅，并将获得中方关于稀土和关键原材料供应的承诺，视为此行的"最大成就"。 他之前可能也觉得中国包裹是"垃圾"，觉得中国制造冲击了德国产业。但当美国关税的大山 ...

Core Viewpoint - Despite the German government's concerns about dependency on China, major German exporters continue to invest heavily in the Chinese market, with a projected increase in investment from €54 billion to €57 billion between 2023 and 2024, reflecting a €1.3 billion growth [1] Group 1: Automotive Industry - The automotive sector is central to German investment in China, accounting for approximately two-thirds of total investments, with a significant growth rate of 69% expected from 2023 to 2024, reaching €42 billion [3] - Major German car manufacturers like BMW, Mercedes-Benz, and Volkswagen view China as their most important market, with BMW investing around €3.8 billion in a battery project in Shenyang and planning to export electric SUVs back to Europe [3][4] - Mercedes-Benz is developing electric vehicles exclusively for the Chinese market, while Volkswagen has signed multiple agreements with Chinese companies to accelerate technological development [3] Group 2: Chemical and Engineering Sectors - BASF has opened a comprehensive facility in China valued at €8.7 billion, marking its largest investment project to date, emphasizing the importance of the Chinese market for compensating for weak production capacity in Germany [4] - Bosch is also increasing its R&D efforts in China while reducing jobs in Germany, indicating a shift in focus towards the Chinese market [5] Group 3: Investment Trends and Challenges - Over the past five years, Germany's average annual investment in China has reached €5.2 billion, significantly higher than the €3.3 billion average from 2015 to 2019 [5] - The high costs associated with finding alternative sources for materials like rare earths and chips pose a challenge for companies, as these alternatives are often more expensive than sourcing from China [5] - The automotive industry is actively pursuing risk mitigation measures, but these efforts require political support to be effective [5][6] Group 4: Political Context and Future Outlook - The German government, under Chancellor Merz, is considering a reassessment of trade policies with China, focusing on energy, raw materials, and investments in critical infrastructure [8] - The recent visit of Germany's Vice Chancellor and Finance Minister to China aims to foster open dialogue and cooperation on macroeconomic conditions and multilateral collaboration [9]

新华社北京11月14日电（记者刘杨、董雪）外交部发言人林剑14日表示，希望欧盟恪守市场开放承 诺和公平竞争原则，认真倾听并重视解决中国企业的合理建议和正当诉求，为中国企业赴欧投资兴业营 造公平、可预期的市场环境。 他指出，近年来，欧方鼓噪对华经济竞争，持续推进对华"去风险"，以维护"经济安全""公平竞 争"等为名，出台了一系列保护主义措施，在芯片、5G、电动汽车等许多中欧本可开展互利共赢合作的 领域人为设限，对中国企业采取歧视性、限制性措施，扰乱全球产供链健康稳定运行。有关做法不仅无 助于提高欧方自身产业竞争力，还对外释放了欧盟市场开放程度不断倒退的消极信号，影响了中国企业 赴欧投资信心，最终只会损害欧方自身利益。 林剑表示，多年来，中国企业持续深耕欧洲市场，积极承担社会责任，为欧盟经济增长和绿色转 型、促进就业和民生福祉作出积极贡献。中共二十届四中全会审议通过"十五五"规划建议，为未来5年 的中国经济发展擘画了蓝图。中国接续推进中国式现代化、坚定扩大高水平对外开放，必将为中欧合作 带来更多机遇。在当前国际形势复杂多变、世界经济增长动能不足、贸易保护主义阴云密布的背景下， 中欧更应坚持对话合作，坚定维护自由贸 ...

Core Insights - The report highlights that 81% of surveyed Chinese enterprises in the EU perceive an increase in uncertainty within the current business environment, with half of the respondents indicating a firm commitment to deepening their operations in the EU despite challenges [1][17][19]. Group 1: Business Environment and Challenges - The overall evaluation of the EU business environment by Chinese enterprises has declined for six consecutive years, with a score of 61 in 2025 compared to 73 in 2019, indicating significant deterioration [17]. - Over 35% of surveyed enterprises reported feeling the pressure of a worsening business environment, particularly in sectors like new energy, information technology, and healthcare [17][18]. - High labor costs and complex geopolitical factors are identified as dual pressures affecting Chinese enterprises operating in the EU, with over 40% of respondents experiencing differential treatment due to their Chinese identity [18][19]. Group 2: Trade and Investment Dynamics - In 2024, the bilateral trade volume between China and the EU reached €732.2 billion, showing resilience despite a slight decline of 1.6% year-on-year [10]. - Chinese investment in the EU is shifting focus towards Eastern Europe, with Hungary emerging as a key destination, particularly in the new energy vehicle and battery manufacturing sectors [12]. - The report indicates that over 80% of surveyed enterprises expect their operational status to remain stable or improve in 2024, with 62% anticipating revenue growth in 2025 [14]. Group 3: Recommendations and Future Outlook - The report proposes 336 specific recommendations for improving the EU business environment, focusing on transparency, market access, fair competition, and supply chain security [25]. - It emphasizes the importance of balancing economic security with openness to foster a stable policy environment for enterprises [25][26]. - The year 2025 marks the 50th anniversary of China-EU diplomatic relations, which is seen as an opportunity to deepen mutual trust and cooperation across various sectors [26].

欧盟短时期内虽难以通过正式立法来影响成员国决策，但其政策建议对于中欧数字领域合作产生的实际 恶劣影响却难以忽视。一方面，欧委会相关文件、言论是基于"华为和中兴高风险"等出于政治导向、毫 无根据的抹黑，以为其以行政手段干涉正常业务合作寻找理由，但这种谣言的散播本身就在单方面损害 中欧之间技术和经济合作的互信，甚至为部分国家反华政客在本国立法进程发挥消极作用张目。另一方 面，欧盟相关言论和政策倾向也表明，其在对华地缘政治认知持续消极的基础上，试图将削弱和限制经 贸联系作为缓解安全焦虑的主要途径。 然而，反观当前欧盟自身数字及整体竞争力领域的短板和弊端，这种借安全为名行封闭、保护之实的倾 向恐使欧洲更难摆脱其自身困境。长期以来，欧盟在数字经济领域就面临市场碎片化、基础设施老化等 问题，而5G等通信部署迟缓或性能落后已经成为其数字经济新业态、人工智能、大数据以及产业数字 化所面临的瓶颈性挑战。在欧盟自身发布的《竞争力指南》和单一市场评估等政策文件中亦存在相似问 题。 当前，以华为、中兴为代表的中国通信企业，在设备、技术及全套解决方案上能够提供效率、性能居于 世界领先地位的选项，早已超越以价格和劳动力成本竞争的逻辑。相 ...

中新社布鲁塞尔11月12日电 (记者德永健)设在布鲁塞尔的欧盟中国商会12日发布2025年度在欧中企发展 报告，表示在欧中企总体反馈发展势头向好，但多数企业忧心欧盟商业泛政治化趋势，对欧盟营商环境 评价连续六年下降。 报告特别提及，由于欧盟不断强化"经济安全"议程，令政治议题泛化至商业领域，对在欧中企信心和发 展规划造成打击。90%的受访企业表示欧盟"去风险"和"经济安全"政策对企业运营产生负面影响，主要 体现为投资审查趋严、市场准入壁垒增高、政策不确定性上升等问题。 当日欧盟中国商会与战略管理咨询公司罗兰贝格联合发布报告。据介绍，报告历时4个月完成，共对200 余家在欧中企和机构进行问卷调查和深度访谈，涵盖汽车、能源、金融、制造业、高科技等领域。 对于改善发展欧盟营商环境，报告总计提出336项建议，呼吁欧盟勿将"经济安全"泛化为贸易壁垒，应 在执行产业政策时保持理性原则，为在欧中企提供稳定政策预期。企业界期待中欧以合作而非对抗的方 式，共同支持多边主义与自由贸易，携手应对气候变化、数字治理等全球性挑战。(完) 报告表示，尽管面临宏观经济压力与复杂营商环境，但在欧中企总体反馈发展势头向好，逾80%的受访 企业 ...

Core Viewpoint - The report highlights that over 80% of Chinese enterprises in Europe are experiencing increased uncertainty due to tightening EU regulations, yet they demonstrate strong resilience and adaptability in the face of these challenges [3][4]. Group 1: Business Environment and Sentiment - 81% of surveyed companies perceive the current EU business environment as increasingly uncertain [3]. - Despite macroeconomic pressures, over 80% of respondents report stable or improved operating conditions, with 53% experiencing revenue growth [4]. - Looking ahead to 2025, 62% of companies expect continued revenue growth, while only 14% anticipate a decline [4]. Group 2: Investment Trends and Motivations - Key drivers for continued investment in Europe include brand recognition, potential in emerging sectors, market capacity, and supply chain diversification [5]. - 50% of surveyed companies plan to increase their investments in Europe by 2025, a significant shift from previous cautious attitudes [4]. Group 3: Challenges and Regulatory Environment - The overall score for the EU business environment has declined for six consecutive years, dropping from 73 in 2019 to 61 in 2025 [8]. - 90% of respondents believe that the EU's "de-risking" and "economic security" policies negatively impact their operations, leading to stricter investment reviews and increased market entry barriers [9]. - 43% of Chinese enterprises in Europe have adjusted or delayed investment plans due to tightening review mechanisms [9]. Group 4: Trade Relations and Cooperation - The report emphasizes the need for a balanced approach between economic security and market openness to maintain stable global supply chains [9]. - The EU has initiated multiple investigations into Chinese companies since the implementation of the Foreign Subsidies Regulation, affecting various sectors including clean energy and electric vehicles [10][11]. - The 50th anniversary of China-EU diplomatic relations in 2025 is seen as an opportunity to deepen cooperation across trade, technology, and climate action [12].

Core Insights - The report highlights that over 80% of Chinese enterprises in Europe are experiencing increased uncertainty due to tightening EU regulations, with 81% of respondents indicating a heightened sense of uncertainty in the current business environment [1][2] - Despite these challenges, Chinese companies demonstrate strong resilience, with 53% reporting revenue growth in Europe and 62% expecting continued revenue increases in 2025 [2][4] Group 1: Business Environment and Challenges - The overall business environment for Chinese companies in Europe has been rated at 61 points for 2025, a significant decline from 73 points in 2019, indicating a continuous deterioration over six years [4][5] - 90% of surveyed enterprises believe that the EU's "de-risking" and "economic security" policies negatively impact their operations, leading to stricter investment reviews and increased market entry barriers [5][6] - The tightening of foreign direct investment review mechanisms by the EU has raised compliance costs and uncertainty for Chinese companies, with 43% of respondents adjusting their investment plans due to these reviews [6][7] Group 2: Investment and Growth Outlook - Despite the challenges, 50% of surveyed Chinese enterprises plan to increase their investments in Europe by 2025, reflecting a warming investment sentiment compared to previous years [2][4] - The report indicates that Chinese companies are increasingly focusing on greenfield investments, particularly in the electric vehicle and battery sectors, aligning with the EU's green transition strategy [6][7] Group 3: Strategic Cooperation and Future Directions - The report emphasizes the need for both sides to innovate dialogue mechanisms and deepen mutual understanding, particularly in areas like green manufacturing and high-end production [3][8] - As the 50th anniversary of China-EU diplomatic relations approaches, there is a call for enhanced cooperation across trade, technology, education, culture, and climate action to rebuild trust [8]

Core Insights - 63% of surveyed Chinese companies in Europe report that their business has been directly or indirectly affected by the Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR), with 12% experiencing direct impacts and 51% noting intangible damage to their business image and confidence [1][8] - Over 80% of Chinese companies in Europe are feeling increasing uncertainty due to tightening EU regulatory environments, with 81% of respondents indicating that the current business environment is characterized by heightened uncertainty [1][3] Group 1: Business Environment and Resilience - Despite macroeconomic pressures and a complex business environment, Chinese companies in Europe demonstrate strong resilience, with over 80% reporting stable or improved operating conditions this year; 53% of companies saw revenue growth, while only 16% reported a decline [3][4] - Looking ahead to 2025, 62% of surveyed companies expect revenue growth, and 46% anticipate profit increases, indicating a generally optimistic outlook [3][4] Group 2: Investment Intentions - Half of the surveyed companies plan to increase their investments in Europe by 2025, contrasting with only 11% who intend to reduce their investments, reflecting a warming investment sentiment compared to previous years [4][5] - The core motivations for continued investment include building brand recognition globally, tapping into the potential of emerging sectors in the EU, and diversifying supply chains [5] Group 3: Regulatory Challenges - The overall score for the EU business environment has declined for six consecutive years, with a current score of 61, down from 73 in 2019; over 35% of respondents feel the business environment has worsened, particularly in sectors like renewable energy and information technology [6][7] - 90% of surveyed companies believe that the EU's "de-risking" and "economic security" policies negatively impact their operations, leading to stricter investment reviews and increased market entry barriers [7][8] Group 4: Trade Relations and Cooperation - The FSR's implementation has led to multiple investigations into Chinese companies, particularly in clean energy and electric vehicles, creating new uncertainties in EU-China trade relations [8] - The report emphasizes the importance of deepening cooperation in various fields, including trade, technology, and climate action, especially as 2025 marks the 50th anniversary of EU-China diplomatic relations [9]

Core Points - The demolition of the cooling towers at Gundremmingen Nuclear Power Plant marks the end of Germany's nuclear energy era, which previously supplied a quarter of Bavaria's electricity [3] - Germany's decision to phase out nuclear energy was influenced by historical events, including the Chernobyl and Fukushima disasters, leading to significant public debate and opposition [5][6] - The transition away from nuclear energy has resulted in increased energy costs and reliance on imports, particularly from France and the Czech Republic, which still utilize nuclear power [6][8] Energy Policy and Economic Impact - Germany's energy policy has led to a significant increase in renewable energy generation, currently accounting for 59.4% to 62.7% of total energy production, but this is hampered by weather dependency and stability issues [8] - The high energy costs have prompted many German companies to relocate operations abroad, with notable investments from BASF in China and expansions by BMW and Volkswagen [8] - German households are facing a 31% increase in energy expenditures compared to 2021, reflecting the broader economic impact of the energy transition [8] International Relations and Trade - Germany's energy strategy has created contradictions, as it seeks to reduce reliance on stable energy sources while simultaneously importing nuclear-generated electricity from neighboring countries [6][11] - The country is experiencing a paradox in its "de-risking" strategy towards China, as it remains economically dependent on Chinese supply chains despite political rhetoric advocating for reduced reliance [13][14] - The internal discord within Germany's ruling coalition regarding foreign policy, particularly towards China, has led to inconsistent diplomatic actions, undermining the country's international standing [13][16]