撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 近日，南京农业大学植物保护学院 顾沁 教授、 高学文 教授、 熊武 教授团队合作 （ 博士研究生 徐钰姣 、 汪志远 为论文第一作者 ） ， 在 Cell 子刊 Cell Host & Microbe 上发表了题为 ： Keystone Pseudomonas species in the wheat phyllosphere microbiome mitigate Fusarium head blight by altering host pH 的研究论文，该研究还被选为当期 封面论文 。 小麦赤霉病 是威胁全球农业生物安全的重大真菌病害，该研究发现， 禾谷镰孢菌 侵染小麦时，会通过诱导寄主碱化来增强自身致病力。与此同时，小麦穗部的 天然微生物群落中潜藏着一类能够"以酸制碱"的守护者—— 寄主酸化型假单胞菌 。这些细菌在赤霉病菌侵入时被招募至麦穗，分泌有机酸降低病原菌诱导的寄主 碱化效应，从而有效抑制赤霉病发展。 这项研究揭示了寄主、病原体与有益微生物间围绕 pH 的精妙博弈，并展示了通过调控寄主微环境实现作物绿色防控的新思路。 该封面图片描绘了小麦穗部的微环境，其中 ...

记者12月1日从南京农业大学获悉，该校植物保护学院教授董莎萌课题组联合中国农业科学院深圳农业 基因组研究所研究员黄三文团队构建出目前规模最大的马铃薯抗病基因资源库，成功克隆了三个新型抗 晚疫病基因，并提出了基因"插件式"抗病育种新策略。相关成果近日刊发在国际学术期刊《自然》上。 马铃薯晚疫病是严重威胁粮食安全的重大病害，每年造成近百亿美元的经济损失。由于晚疫病病原菌致 病疫霉菌变异迅速，现有马铃薯抗病基因已对其逐渐失效，因此亟待挖掘新型抗性基因资源，革新抗病 育种策略。 "基于泛抗病基因组资源，我们成功克隆了三个新型抗晚疫病基因。这些抗病新基因为通过常规育种手 段精准设计马铃薯晚疫病抗性提供了资源支撑。"论文第一作者、中国农业科学院深圳农业基因组研究 所副研究员王路遥说。更具突破性的是，团队提出"结构域插件"育种策略：将野生马铃薯中发现的抗晚 疫病基因的功能结构域"嫁接"到已失效的晚疫病抗病基因R1的末端，使R1可同时识别病原物分泌蛋白 AVR1与AVRbrk1，这成功拓展了R1基因的抗病谱。 "这种'即插即用'的基因设计思路，为快速创制广谱抗病品种提供了全新路径。"董莎萌认为，此项研究 不仅构建了高质量的抗 ...

编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 由致病疫霉菌引发的 马铃薯晚疫病 曾导致爱尔兰马铃薯饥荒，如今仍是全球粮食安全的重大威胁。大多数晚疫病抗性 （R） 基因编码 核 苷酸结合富含亮氨酸重 复序列蛋白 （NLR） ，但许多已被侵染马铃薯的疫霉菌的快速进化所克服。通过杂交马铃薯育种来部署 R 基因，为防治晚疫病提供了一个很有前景的解决方 案。 2025 年 10 月 29 日，中国农业科学院深圳农业基因组研究所 （岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室深圳分中心） 黄三文 院士团队与南京农业大学植物保护 学院/农林生物安全全国重点实验室 董莎萌 团队合作 （ 王路遥 、 李宏博 、 柯宇航 为 论文 共同第一作者 ） ，在国际顶尖学术期刊 Nature 上发表了题为： Plug-in Strategy for Resistance Engineering Inspired by Potato NLRome 的研究论文。 该研究构建了 马铃薯抗病基因资源库 ，揭示了识别和辅助两类抗病基因在序列和功能上的分化特征，并阐明了它们与具有不同进化潜力的病原菌之间的协同演化 规律。利用比较和演化基因组学，研究团队挖掘出三个新抗晚疫病基因 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights a significant research breakthrough in wheat drought resistance, revealing the role of the "TaBZR2-TaPPR13-TaAOR1/TaSIG5" regulatory module, which provides new theoretical support and breeding targets for addressing drought-related yield constraints in wheat [2][3]. Research Findings - The research utilized Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) to identify the core transcription factor TaBZR2, which is significantly associated with drought resistance in wheat [3]. - TaBZR2 activates the downstream PPR protein gene TaPPR13, which acts as a positive regulator under drought stress, enhancing the plant's antioxidant defense system and regulating gene expression related to ROS scavenging and ABA signaling pathways [3]. - The collaboration between TaPPR13 and TaAOR1 facilitates stomatal closure, reducing water loss while maintaining photosynthetic capacity, thus allowing wheat to sustain yield advantages under drought stress [3]. Application and Implications - The findings fill a gap in the research on the drought resistance function of PPR proteins in wheat, paving the way for the development of new high drought-resistant and high-yield wheat varieties [3][12]. - The article emphasizes the importance of molecular breeding technologies as a core engine driving innovation in the seed industry, particularly in the context of global food security and sustainable agricultural development [5]. Conference Details - A webinar titled "Molecular Breeding and Seed Industry Innovation" is scheduled for October 24, 2025, featuring prominent experts discussing the latest breakthroughs in molecular breeding [5][6]. - The conference will cover various topics, including the molecular mechanisms of drought resistance in wheat and the application of epigenetic methods to improve crop adaptability [11][14].

Core Perspective - SuperQ Quantum Computing Inc. has announced a strategic collaboration with the Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT to apply quantum and supercomputing technology to agricultural research and plant breeding, formalized through a five-year Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) aimed at enhancing global food resilience and security [1][2]. Collaboration Focus - The initial focus of the collaboration will be on developing quantum-enhanced pipelines to accelerate resistance breeding against major crop diseases, such as rice blast, to protect global food supplies [2]. - The partnership aims to significantly speed up the discovery and development of disease-resistant crops, supporting the CGIAR Genetic Innovation Initiative [2]. Objectives of the Collaboration - The MOU outlines key objectives including the co-development of specialized quantum algorithms for gene regulatory networks, genomics, and multi-omics integration in crop breeding [3][7]. - SuperQ will provide training programs for the Alliance and CGIAR teams to enhance their skills in applying quantum computing to agricultural research [7]. - A pilot project will focus on rice blast resistance before expanding to other crops within the CGIAR network [7]. - Both organizations will engage in knowledge exchange through joint publications and conferences to benefit the wider scientific community [7]. Company Mission and Vision - SuperQ aims to democratize quantum technology and address real-world challenges, emphasizing the importance of making quantum technology accessible for social good [4]. - The company is positioning itself as a leader in quantum and supercomputing-powered problem-solving, targeting various sectors including finance, healthcare, and logistics [8][9].

Core Viewpoint - The research published in the journal Cell reveals the molecular mechanisms behind the reprogramming of single somatic cells into totipotent states during plant regeneration, addressing a century-old scientific challenge in understanding plant cell totipotency [3][5][11]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study demonstrates that LEAFY COTYLEDON2 (LEC2) can reprogram somatic epidermal cells into totipotent somatic embryonic cells [9]. - LEC2 and SPEECHLESS (SPCH) jointly activate local auxin biosynthesis through targeting TAA1 and YUC4, which is crucial for the specification of somatic embryonic cells [8][9]. - The GMC-auxin intermediate state marks the transition of guard cells from differentiation to totipotency, highlighting the role of transcriptional reprogramming and auxin signaling in this process [9][11]. Group 2: Methodology - The research utilized time-resolved live imaging, single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), and laser capture microdissection combined with RNA sequencing (LCM-RNA-seq) to uncover the fate decision point in the developmental pathway [7]. - The study confirmed that the MMC (multicellular meristematic cell) is the origin of somatic embryos, and auxin biosynthesis mediated by TAA1/YUC is essential for totipotency and embryogenesis [8]. Group 3: Implications - This research not only solves the mystery of plant cell totipotency but also provides a new theoretical foundation for crop genetic improvement and efficient regeneration [5][11]. - The findings enhance the understanding of the fundamental principles of plant cell development and offer new strategies and tools for precise regulation of plant regeneration and targeted improvement of crop traits [11].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant advancements in agricultural modernization in Heilongjiang over the past five years, showcasing the integration of technology and ecological restoration in transforming the region's agricultural landscape. Group 1: Agricultural Transformation - Heilongjiang's agricultural modernization is evident from satellite imagery, revealing the extensive changes in land use and farming practices [1] - The salt-alkali land reclamation project in Daqing has successfully transformed over 7,000 acres of previously barren land into productive rice fields [3] - By 2024, Heilongjiang has established nearly 120 million acres of high-standard farmland, leading the nation, with 60% of permanent basic farmland achieving efficient irrigation and drainage systems [5] Group 2: Technological Integration - The province has invested 13.1 billion yuan during the 14th Five-Year Plan to address soil erosion, effectively protecting over 9 million acres of arable land [7] - The introduction of advanced agricultural machinery, such as domestically developed high-end intelligent corn harvesters, has revolutionized the harvesting process, reducing reliance on manual labor [11][13] - The use of artificial intelligence in breeding programs is set to enhance efficiency, allowing for precise selection of crop varieties and reducing costs by 40% [21] Group 3: Data-Driven Agriculture - The integration of big data and AI technologies throughout the rice cultivation process has improved management practices, from seedling monitoring to harvest timing [25][27] - Heilongjiang's agricultural sector has shifted from traditional methods to data-driven approaches, enabling farmers to make informed decisions based on real-time data [27]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of agricultural intellectual property rights (IPR) and highlights the role of South China Agricultural University in promoting and protecting these rights as a means to unlock the "invisible wealth" of agricultural products [1][4]. Group 1: Importance of Agricultural Intellectual Property - Agricultural intellectual property rights, also known as agricultural IPR, refer to the exclusive rights enjoyed by individuals or organizations over their intellectual achievements in the agricultural sector [6][7]. - These rights encompass various forms, including new plant varieties, geographical indications, agricultural patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets [7][8]. - The significance of agricultural IPR has been recognized as a strategic resource for national agricultural development and a core element in international agricultural competition [13][14]. Group 2: Initiatives by South China Agricultural University - South China Agricultural University has established a knowledge property rights research center, becoming the first university-level IPR research institution among agricultural and forestry colleges in China [20][21]. - The university has initiated the establishment of a modern seed industry IPR service center in collaboration with the Guangdong Seed Association, completing numerous agricultural patent reports annually [24][25]. - The university's variety rights authorization ranks second among agricultural and forestry universities in China, contributing to the development of first-class disciplines [26]. Group 3: Legal and Policy Contributions - The university has developed and implemented management measures for geographical indications, enhancing the legal environment for economic development in the region [30][32]. - It has also drafted support measures for modern agricultural high-quality development in Nansha District, positioning it as a national leader in seed industry support [34]. - The university's involvement in legal cases related to plant variety rights has been recognized as a typical case for judicial protection of seed industry IPR [36]. Group 4: Educational and Outreach Efforts - The university conducts various educational programs and courses related to agricultural IPR, contributing to the development of a first-class seed science and engineering program [43][44]. - It organizes forums and seminars to enhance awareness and understanding of agricultural IPR among stakeholders, including industry representatives and legal professionals [56][58]. - The university aims to support the development of an innovative economy and a brand economy in agriculture through the protection of plant variety rights and geographical indications [58][59].