立高原、望全球，观风云、惠世界。2026年2月1日起，《青海省瓦里关全球大气本底站保护若干规定》将正式施行，这意味着，瓦里关站的科 学价值获得了地方法规层面的系统保障。从填补观测空白到记录绿色低碳转型之路，在高山之巅，瓦里关站见证了我国参与全球气候治理的主 动担当。 在青藏高原记录地球大气变化 依托30多年不间断观测，瓦里关站积累了连续、长期的大气二氧化碳浓度观测数据。据此绘制而成的变化曲线——"瓦里关曲线"，反映了大气 二氧化碳月平均浓度的长期变化，与美国夏威夷冒纳罗亚全球大气本底站的观测结果高度一致。 在青藏高原海拔3816米的瓦里关山顶，欧亚大陆腹地唯一的大陆型全球大气本底站——瓦里关全球大气本底站已连续运行30多年。这里产生的 长期序列观测数据及"瓦里关曲线"，被持续纳入世界气象组织温室气体公报，成为刻画全球气候变化趋势的重要科学依据。 两处全球大气本底站，一个代表欧亚大陆腹地，一个代表太平洋海洋型区域，跨越陆地与海洋的观测数据，证明了全球大气主要温室气体本底 浓度持续上升的趋势，为全球气候变化研究提供了关键的、具有全球代表性的数据支撑。 瓦里关站观测成果的取得，并非偶然。20世纪80年代，世界气象组 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Wari Pass Global Atmospheric Background Station in Qinghai Province plays a crucial role in monitoring greenhouse gas concentrations and contributes significantly to global climate change research through its long-term observational data [3][4][10]. Group 1: Importance of Wari Pass Station - The Wari Pass Station has been operational for over 30 years, providing continuous and high-precision observations of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, which are critical for understanding global climate trends [3][4]. - The data from Wari Pass, known as the "Wari Pass Curve," aligns closely with observations from the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii, demonstrating a consistent increase in greenhouse gas concentrations globally [3][4]. - The establishment of the Wari Pass Station filled a significant observational gap for continental atmospheric monitoring, contributing to the global atmospheric observation network [3][4]. Group 2: Environmental Protection Measures - To ensure the accuracy and reliability of observations, Qinghai has implemented protective measures around the Wari Pass Station, including the establishment of an 80-acre protection zone to control potential pollution sources [9]. - New regulations effective from February 1, 2026, will provide a legal framework for the protection of the Wari Pass Station, integrating environmental protection into land use planning [9]. - The station's operational environment is maintained with strict protocols to minimize human interference, which is essential for the continuity and comparability of the data collected [7][9]. Group 3: Contribution to Climate Change Mitigation - The data generated by the Wari Pass Station is vital for assessing China's efforts in combating climate change, with the 2024 report indicating a 0.6% increase in human carbon emissions, lower than the global average of 0.8% [11]. - The station serves as a foundation for a national network of atmospheric observation stations, enhancing China's capacity to contribute to global climate governance [10]. - China's commitment to improving its technological support for climate change initiatives is evident, as it aims to lead in global climate governance and sustainable development [12][13].

Core Insights - The China Meteorological Administration released the "China Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (2024)", which is a key decision-making product for addressing climate change and aligns with the World Meteorological Organization's global bulletin [1] Group 1: Greenhouse Gas Concentrations - In 2024, the annual average concentration of carbon dioxide at the Wuliang Station reached 424.9 ppm, an increase of 3.5 ppm from 2023, which is consistent with the global average [1] - The annual average concentrations of methane and nitrous oxide were recorded at 2003 ppb and 338.4 ppb, respectively, slightly above the global average [1] Group 2: Carbon Emissions - Human-induced carbon emissions in China are projected to increase by approximately 0.6% in 2024 compared to 2023, a significant reduction from the previous year's growth rate and lower than the global increase of 0.8% [1] Group 3: Monitoring Network - Since the early 1990s, the China Meteorological Administration has conducted greenhouse gas observations at the Wuliang National Atmospheric Background Station, establishing a national monitoring network that includes 1 WMO global background station, 7 regional background stations, 11 pilot background stations, and over 120 greenhouse gas observation stations [1]

Core Insights - The global near-surface concentrations of the three main greenhouse gases continue to rise, with China's carbon emissions projected to increase by approximately 0.6% in 2024 compared to 2023, which is a significant reduction from the previous year's growth rate of 0.8% [1][2] - The China Meteorological Administration (CMA) released the "China Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (2024)", marking the 14th consecutive year of monitoring greenhouse gas emissions in China [1][3] Group 1: Greenhouse Gas Emissions - In 2024, the average concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) reached 423.9 ppm, an increase of 3.5 ppm from 2023, marking the largest annual increase since modern observations began in 1957 [1][2] - Methane and nitrous oxide concentrations were recorded at 1942 ppb and 338 ppb, respectively, indicating a continuing upward trend in greenhouse gas levels globally [1][2] Group 2: China's Monitoring Efforts - The CMA has established a national atmospheric greenhouse gas observation network, which includes one WMO global baseline station, seven regional baseline stations, and over 120 greenhouse gas observation stations [3][5] - The Wali Guan National Atmospheric Baseline Station is the only station in China included in the WMO Global Atmosphere Watch program, providing critical data for the WMO Global Greenhouse Gas Bulletin [3][5] Group 3: Future Directions - The CMA aims to enhance its capabilities in greenhouse gas monitoring, assessment, and carbon source-sink accounting, with plans to optimize the observation network and improve high-precision monitoring and dynamic analysis [6]