9月28日，西部陆海新通道班列在重庆鱼嘴站顺利发车（无人机照片）新华社记者 唐奕 摄 新华社重庆10月4日电 题：繁荣通道经济见证中国西部加速迈向开放高地 今年9月，西部陆海新通道实现"海铁江"联运无缝对接。今年前三季度，西部陆海新通道铁海联运班列累计发运集装箱货物109万标箱，同比 增长70.3%，首次实现年度发运量超100万标箱。今年1月至8月，在通道首发地重庆，经西部陆海新通道共运输货物21.58万标箱，同比增长30%。 当地时间6月21日，一列装载母婴用品、美妆产品、医疗耗材等货物的列车从德国杜伊斯堡驶出，并于数十天后抵达泰国、越南等东盟国家。 此班列经重庆中转，标志着这两条贸易动脉的全面打通，而这也意味着中国西部进一步联通欧亚腹地。 这趟班列是由渝新欧（重庆）供应链管理有限公司和陆海新通道运营有限公司携手打造，自2024年10月15日启动以来，班列已开通由越南、 老挝、泰国经重庆至欧洲的3条线路，截至今年上半年，已运输货值超19亿元人民币。 团结村中心站这份不改往常的繁忙，是中国西部的国际贸易通道畅通发达的一个缩影。依托中欧班列与西部陆海新通道近年来的快速发展， 一批批机械设备、智能网联汽车等商品源 ...

"你说这事怪谁？"采访一位德国物流经理，他挠头，苦笑，"去年还说波兰是东大门，今年直接锁门了，谁知道下个月会不会彻底关死？"没人愿意赌命运在 一条随时可能掉链子的线路上，这话像是给所有欧洲企业敲了警钟。 2025年2月，波兰政府一纸通告，布列斯特口岸暂停中欧班列换轨服务，原因写着"安全考量"，没有人信，背后是地缘政治的暗流。欧洲货主、运输商、保 险公司一个个电话打爆，没人能给出确切答复。华沙新闻发布会上，发言人只说一句："我们不想成为风险的通道。"这句话成了笑柄——风险被他们自己制 造出来。 欧洲议会那头会议正吵成一锅粥，预算审核、投标规则、合规审查，几十亿欧元的"全球门户"计划预算已经批下两年，阿拉木图的铁路工人却一句话："没 见着钱，没见着项目经理，只有中国人在现场。"欧盟高层会议纪要不小心泄露一条："土耳其和中亚国家的回复不积极。"实际情况是——等不及了，不等 波兰把整个欧洲都坑了，中国打造新走廊，欧洲砸了数十亿花不出去 2025年春，华沙还没完全褪去寒意，波兰边境却突然热闹起来——不是节日，是堵车，铁轨上排着一百多列待命的货列，司机们开着导航一遍遍刷消 息，"又关口了？不是说好四月要放行吗？"一位哈萨 ...

这些新线路的推出，预示着中欧物流通道发展的新方向。 波兰关闭与白俄罗斯边界的突发事件对中欧班列运行产生的效应还在持续，或将带来长久的改变。 继宁波启航全球首条中欧北极集装箱快航之后，西安又在近日开行了首趟跨波罗的海铁海联运中欧班列 （西安—汉堡），这条线路不再经过波兰和白俄罗斯的边界口岸。另外，跨越里海的南通道班次也将加 密。 中国集装箱行业协会副秘书长郝攀峰向第一财经表示，虽然波兰通道目前已经恢复了。但是，这是一个 警示，提醒大家多元通道的重要性，特别是要跟供应链的稳定高效挂钩了以后，必须要寻求多元化的通 道建设。 口岸恢复正常尚需时间 9月25日零时起，波兰正式开放与白俄罗斯的边境口岸，中断了13天的中欧班列恢复。不过，根据四川 新丝路多式联运公司微信公号"丝路拓客"9月29日发布的《中欧班列运行情况双语周报》显示，预计边 境口岸完全恢复至正常运行水平需待国庆节后。 四川新丝路公司在上周一发布的《中欧班列运行情况双语周报》显示，在此前一周，在白俄罗斯布列斯 特滞留中欧班列超130列，即便口岸如期开放，通行能力仍有限，预计需1周时间纾解口岸及在途班列积 压。 四川新丝路多式联运公司总经理助理唐婷婷向第一财经 ...

Group 1 - Poland's Prime Minister Tusk announced the reopening of the border with Belarus on September 25, 2023, after a complete closure that had significant impacts on logistics and trade routes [1][2][3] - The closure of the border has directly affected the logistics of Central European trade, particularly impacting the operations of the Małaszewicze logistics center, which handles 90% of the rail freight between China and Europe [8][10] - The border closure has led to significant economic losses for Polish businesses, with reports of transport companies facing daily losses exceeding €10,000 due to stranded trucks and goods [7][11] Group 2 - The decision to close the border reflects Poland's ideological shifts and its complex relationship with both Western allies and Eastern neighbors, leading to a contradiction between economic needs and security concerns [15][26] - The closure has prompted China to explore alternative trade routes, such as the Arctic route, which could reduce Poland's transit revenue and impact its economic development [15][19] - The event has strained Poland's relations with China, undermining its previous status as a key hub for Central European cooperation and trade [13][22] Group 3 - The border closure is seen as a signal of NATO's military presence in Eastern Europe, aligning with increased military cooperation between Poland and the United States [16][20] - The European Union's response to Poland's unilateral actions has been contradictory, expressing understanding while also worrying about the potential for China to bypass Europe in trade [18][19] - The incident may set a precedent for other Eastern European countries to adopt similar restrictive measures, potentially disrupting China's economic strategies in Europe [19][27]

Core Points - The "Istanbul Bridge" vessel completed loading over 1,000 TEUs at Ningbo-Zhoushan Port and set sail for Felixstowe, UK, marking a new record for transit time of 18 days via the Arctic Northeast Route, distinct from traditional routes [2][3] - This event signifies the official launch of the world's first Arctic container fast shipping route between China and Europe [3] Group 1: Impact of Poland's Actions - Poland's decision to close its border with Belarus due to military tensions with Russia led to a significant disruption of the China-Europe Railway Express, effectively halting operations on the Belarus-Poland segment [4][5][8] - The closure was premeditated, as evidenced by the timeline of events surrounding the military exercises, indicating a strategic rather than reactive decision by Poland [9][10] - Despite the disruption, alternative routes such as the Southern Corridor remain available, allowing for continued freight movement, albeit at higher costs [12][13] Group 2: Arctic Route Advantages - The Arctic route offers a new option for freight transport, although it operates under different conditions compared to the China-Europe Railway Express, with a limited operational window from April to November [14][20] - The vessel's capacity is significantly lower than that of traditional freight trains, but the Arctic route's cost-effectiveness and time efficiency may attract some cargo away from the railway [15][16] - The efficiency demonstrated by the shipping company in organizing the Arctic route within a short timeframe highlights China's logistical capabilities and proactive market strategies [20][21] Group 3: Market Dynamics - The disruption of the China-Europe Railway Express may lead to a shift in cargo volumes, with potential losses for Poland as a transit hub, while the Arctic route could capture some of this freight [15][16] - The operational model of using state-owned enterprises for initial exploration followed by private companies for commercial operations exemplifies a successful strategy for navigating market challenges [21]

Core Points - The reopening of the Poland-Belarus border on September 25 will restore the Central European freight trains, allowing the resumption of a major land trade route from China to Europe [1][5] - The closure of the border due to military exercises had previously disrupted the transport of goods, affecting approximately 90% of rail freight between Central Europe and the EU [2][3] - The backlog of goods accumulated during the closure is expected to take 7 to 10 days to clear, with logistics companies prioritizing high-urgency shipments to expedite the process [4][6] Group 1: Impact of Border Reopening - The reopening is seen as a relief for logistics companies, who are now focused on clearing the backlog of goods that accumulated during the closure [1][4] - The Polish logistics company Fulfilio Sp. z o.o. reported that transport times had increased to 20-25 days during the closure, compared to the normal 12-15 days, with costs rising by 10% to 30% [4][5] - The Belarusian customs has extended the processing time for customs procedures until September 27 to facilitate the reopening [4] Group 2: Alternative Transport Routes - The closure highlighted the need for diversification in Central European trade routes, with logistics companies now considering alternative paths such as the "South Corridor" and the Saint Petersburg sea-rail intermodal route [5][6] - The "South Corridor" is more expensive and less reliable due to seasonal weather conditions, while the Saint Petersburg route has potential but is currently limited in capacity [6][7] - Despite the exploration of alternative routes, most clients still prefer the traditional "Central Corridor" due to its established reliability and lower costs [7][8] Group 3: New Developments in Shipping - On the same day as the border reopening, China launched the world's first Arctic container express route, which is expected to enhance shipping efficiency between China and Europe [8][9] - The Arctic route offers a competitive shipping time of around 18 days, although it is still in the pilot phase and has higher costs due to additional requirements [9] - The Central European rail freight and the Arctic shipping route are seen as complementary rather than competitive, each serving different market needs [8][9]

Core Insights - Poland's border closure has caused a significant disruption in the Central European freight train service, with over 300 trains stranded at the Malashevich border, highlighting the vulnerabilities in the supply chain [1][3] - The European Supply Chain Monitoring Center reported that this disruption could freeze up to €25 billion in Central European trade, emphasizing the reliance on Poland as a critical transit point for over 85%-90% of Central European trains [3][5] - The opening of the Arctic shipping route in September 2025 presents a new opportunity for China, reducing transit time by nearly 10 days and cutting carbon emissions by 50%, while avoiding reliance on Poland [5][9] Trade and Logistics Impact - The disruption has led to a 15% increase in supply chain costs for European clients, prompting a reevaluation of the Central European freight train's capabilities [1][3] - In 2024, Central European trade reached $785.8 billion, with only €25 billion (less than 4%) of that trade relying on the freight trains passing through Poland, indicating that while the disruption is significant, it is not catastrophic [7] - China is accelerating the development of diversified logistics channels, including the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway project, which aims to bypass traditional routes through Russia and Poland [7][9] Strategic Outlook - The incident serves as a reminder for China to diversify its logistics strategies, as over-reliance on a single transit point can lead to vulnerabilities [7][9] - The successful opening of the Arctic route not only provides an alternative for Central European trade but also demonstrates China's adaptability in the face of challenges [9]

Core Viewpoint - The reopening of the Malaszewicze border crossing on the 25th is expected to alleviate the disruptions faced by the China-Europe Railway Express, which had been halted since September 12 due to border closures by Poland [1][2][5] Group 1: Impact of Border Closure - The closure of the Malaszewicze border crossing significantly impacted the China-Europe Railway Express, which is a crucial land freight route connecting China and Europe, with 85%-90% of its trains passing through or arriving in Poland [2][4] - The border closure was initiated due to security concerns related to military exercises and drone incidents, leading to a halt in operations for over a month [1][5] Group 2: Industry Reactions - The logistics industry expressed relief at the announcement of the reopening, with many companies eager to resume operations [1][4] - There is a consensus among industry insiders that Poland would not indefinitely keep the border closed, as it serves as a vital trade route for both Belarus and Europe [5][6] Group 3: Alternative Routes - Discussions about alternative routes, such as the Caspian Sea corridor or northern routes through St. Petersburg, have been cautious due to their limitations and the imbalance in cargo volume [6][7] - The current capacity of alternative routes is insufficient to handle the volume that the Malaszewicze crossing typically accommodates, making it unlikely for these routes to effectively replace the main corridor in the short term [6][7] Group 4: Future Expectations - Following the reopening, a temporary congestion is anticipated as backlogged trains are processed, with an estimated one week required to clear the accumulated traffic [7]

Group 1 - The closure of the Poland-Belarus border has disrupted the Central European freight trains, leading to a backlog of over 130 trains at the Brest port [5][4] - Major freight companies are implementing alternative solutions, including rail-sea intermodal transport via Saint Petersburg to Hamburg and increasing services on the Central European train's southern route [5][6] - The expected time to clear the backlog, even if the port reopens, is approximately one week due to limited capacity [5][6] Group 2 - Companies are adopting emergency measures such as canceling some train schedules and launching new routes through Saint Petersburg [5][6] - The Chengdu International Railway Port is maintaining regular operations on three routes, including the southern route and rail-sea intermodal transport [6] - There is a general optimism within the industry regarding the reopening of the border, with many clients continuing to place orders [7]

Core Viewpoint - Poland's interruption of the China-Europe Railway Express has garnered significant attention, prompting domestic operators to implement emergency measures [1] Group 1: China-Europe Railway Express Operations - The China-Europe Railway Express began operations in 2011 and has developed four main routes over the past decade, including the East, North, Central, and South corridors [1] - The most frequently used route is the Central corridor through Poland, but following the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, Chinese railway companies have been actively expanding the South corridor [1] - On July 9, 2023, the Chengdu International Railway Port and Chongqing Tuanjie Village Central Station launched regular South corridor express trains [1] Group 2: Chengdu's Connectivity Initiatives - Chengdu operates three connecting corridors, with the South corridor utilizing a "rail-sea-rail" model, starting from Chengdu International Railway Port, passing through Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey, before reaching various locations in Europe [5] - Chengdu is also expanding the North corridor, which circumvents the conflict in Poland by using sea transport from Russia to Germany and Poland [5] - The city is leveraging the Rongou rail-sea intermodal corridor to offer direct rail transport from Chengdu to various ports in China, facilitating maritime shipping to Europe [5] Group 3: Future Projections - According to China National Railway Group, the China-Europe Railway Express is projected to operate 19,000 trains and send 2.07 million TEUs in 2024, representing year-on-year growth of 10% and 9% respectively [5] - The Central Asia Railway Express is expected to operate 12,000 trains and send 880,000 TEUs, with year-on-year growth of 10% and 12% respectively [5] - The Western Land-Sea New Corridor is anticipated to send 960,000 TEUs, reflecting an 11% increase year-on-year [5]