Core Viewpoint - The article highlights China's advancements in deep-sea exploration technology, focusing on two key manned submersibles, "Deep Sea Warrior" and "Fighter," which are crucial for unlocking the treasures of the deep sea and supporting various scientific endeavors [1][3]. Group 1: Technological Advancements - The "Deep Sea Warrior" submersible has completed 858 dives, while the "Fighter" has completed 441 dives, showcasing their international leading operational capabilities [3]. - The "Deep Sea Warrior" has undergone significant upgrades, including a mechanical arm with double the weight capacity and enhanced maneuverability, allowing for more complex tasks [11]. - The "Fighter" has introduced a secondary release device, enabling it to hover at a depth of 300 meters during ascent, facilitating various scientific explorations [13]. Group 2: Scientific Exploration Initiatives - The "Global Abyss Exploration Plan," launched during the 14th Five-Year Plan, has attracted numerous domestic and international research teams, establishing a foundation for China to gain a competitive edge in deep-sea science [5][15]. - This plan has involved 145 scientists from 10 countries, conducting systematic research on nine major oceanic trenches, leading to significant scientific discoveries [15]. - The "Deep Sea Warrior" is set to undertake archaeological missions, such as the excavation of a sunken ship in the South China Sea, utilizing advanced underwater photography and mapping techniques [7][9]. Group 3: Future Directions - The two submersibles are expected to continue expanding China's marine exploration capabilities, with the "Deep Sea Warrior" focusing on complex tasks like underwater archaeology and rescue operations, while the "Fighter" will lead international research on global deep-sea environments [21]. - New generation deep-sea detection spectrometers are being developed to enhance the understanding of the underwater environment, reflecting ongoing innovation in deep-sea research equipment [17]. - The achievements in deep-sea exploration are paving the way for China to establish its own path in marine science, emphasizing the nation's commitment to advancing its technological prowess in this field [19][21].

Core Viewpoint - The integration of deep-sea technology into China's development strategy is highlighted, showcasing advancements in marine exploration and research capabilities, particularly in Hainan province [1][5]. Group 1: Deep-Sea Technology Development - "Deep-sea technology" has been included in the government work report for the first time, emphasizing its importance in national development [1]. - Hainan's unique geographical advantages facilitate the testing and application of deep-sea equipment, with various teams working on innovative solutions [1]. - The "Albatross" unmanned sailing vessel is designed for long-distance travel and can dive to depths of 1,000 meters, enabling scientific observations in extreme weather conditions [3][4]. Group 2: Research and Exploration Achievements - The "Albatross" successfully traversed a typhoon, collecting valuable meteorological and oceanographic data that enhances understanding of typhoon dynamics and improves forecasting accuracy [3]. - The "Fighter" manned submersible has enabled researchers to explore deep-sea ecosystems, discovering previously unknown life forms and expanding knowledge of deep-sea biodiversity [5][6]. - Collaborative efforts between the "Fighter" and other deep-sea exploration tools have led to significant advancements in marine biology research, including studies published in international journals [6]. Group 3: Infrastructure and Resource Sharing - The Nanshan Port public scientific research dock is open to all research institutions, facilitating marine equipment testing and enhancing the deep-sea technology industry chain [7]. - The number of scientific research voyages serviced by Nanshan Port has increased dramatically, from 30 in 2020 to an expected 1,416 in 2024, indicating growing research activity [7]. - The establishment of a comprehensive marine technology platform aims to integrate resources and improve research efficiency, with a reported output of 770 million yuan from deep-sea equipment in the Sanya area [8].

Core Insights - The inclusion of "deep-sea technology" in the government work report highlights its growing importance and the unique natural conditions in Hainan for deep-sea equipment testing and application [1] Group 1: Deep-Sea Technology Developments - The "Albatross" unmanned sailing vehicle is designed to utilize wind power for long-distance travel and can dive to depths of 1,000 meters, enabling it to operate in complex weather and ocean conditions [3][4] - The "Fighter" manned submersible has been instrumental in exploring deep-sea ecosystems, revealing previously unknown life forms and expanding human understanding of deep-sea ecology [5][6] - The collaboration between various deep-sea exploration equipment enhances the ability to study deep-sea biology and supports future resource development and ecological protection [7] Group 2: Infrastructure and Support - The Nanshan Port public scientific research dock facilitates rapid deployment of research vessels, significantly increasing the number of scientific voyages from 30 in 2020 to an expected 1,416 by 2024 [8][9] - The dock is designed to attract research institutions and enterprises, fostering a collaborative environment that supports the development of the deep-sea technology industry [8][9] - The integration of various resources for sea trials has improved research efficiency, reducing testing cycles by an average of 30% [9]

Core Insights - The discovery of the sunken shipwrecks in the Northwest Slope of the South China Sea marks a significant advancement in underwater archaeology, transitioning from shallow to deep-sea exploration [1][2][7] Group 1: Archaeological Discoveries - The "Deep Sea Warrior" manned submersible successfully located two ancient shipwrecks at a depth of approximately 1500 meters, which is unprecedented for Chinese underwater archaeology [2][3] - The first shipwreck was filled with porcelain from Jingdezhen, while the second contained imported wood, illustrating the dual trade routes of the ancient Maritime Silk Road [4][7] Group 2: Technological Advancements - The "Deep Sea Warrior" submersible, developed with over 95% domestic technology, has a working depth capability of 4500 meters, enabling exploration of previously unreachable underwater sites [3][4] - The project utilized advanced technologies such as high-resolution imaging and 3D scanning to document and analyze the shipwrecks [5][6] Group 3: Conservation and Exhibition - The artifacts retrieved from the deep sea are undergoing a meticulous conservation process to prevent deterioration due to environmental changes after being brought to the surface [6][7] - The "Deep Blue Treasure" exhibition showcases the archaeological findings and the conservation efforts, allowing the public to witness the preservation of these cultural treasures [6][7]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant archaeological discoveries from the underwater excavation of two ancient shipwrecks in the Northwest Slope of the South China Sea, marking a historic breakthrough in China's underwater archaeology, transitioning from shallow to deep-sea exploration [8][10]. Group 1: Archaeological Discoveries - The "Deep Blue Treasure" exhibition at the China (Hainan) South China Sea Museum has seen a nearly 50% increase in daily visitor numbers during the summer, showcasing artifacts from the underwater excavation [6]. - The excavation revealed a large number of artifacts, including a stunning cloisonné peacock and peony-patterned jar, previously lying at a depth of approximately 1,500 meters [6][12]. - The discovery of two shipwrecks, one filled with porcelain from Jingdezhen and the other with imported hardwood, illustrates the prosperous two-way trade along the ancient Maritime Silk Road [11][15]. Group 2: Technological Advancements - The "Deep Sea Warrior" manned submersible, which has a working depth capability of 4,500 meters, played a crucial role in these discoveries, having undergone over a decade of technological development [10]. - The successful operation of the submersible in extreme conditions demonstrates the advancements in underwater archaeology technology, allowing for exploration in previously inaccessible deep-sea areas [9][10]. Group 3: Conservation Efforts - The exhibition employs a dynamic model of "archaeology, protection, and exhibition," allowing the public to witness the conservation processes of newly recovered artifacts [14]. - Newly recovered artifacts undergo a complex conservation process to prevent deterioration due to environmental changes after being brought to the surface [14][15]. - The conservation team at the museum is dedicated to preserving and restoring these artifacts, ensuring their longevity and historical significance [14][15].

Core Insights - The article highlights the significant advancements in underwater archaeology in China, showcasing the integration of technology in exploring and retrieving historical artifacts from the deep sea [1] - It emphasizes the challenges faced in underwater archaeology, such as complex environments and the preservation of artifacts, which necessitate higher technological standards [1] Summary by Sections Development of Underwater Archaeology - Underwater archaeology in China began in 1987 and has evolved from non-existence to a robust field capable of exploring depths of up to 1,500 meters [1] - The development of marine detection technology and interdisciplinary archaeological capabilities has provided a solid foundation for underwater explorations [1] Technological Innovations - The use of innovative salvage techniques allows for millimeter-level precision in retrieving artifacts, exemplified by the recovery of the ancient Southern Song Dynasty ship "Nanhai No. 1" [1] - Molecular-level biological research techniques have been employed to verify the age of artifacts, such as rice husks found in retrieved porcelain bottles [1] - The deployment of manned submersibles and other advanced technologies facilitates systematic scientific exploration of ancient shipwreck sites [1] Future Prospects - There remain numerous valuable historical relics waiting to be uncovered, indicating ongoing opportunities for archaeological research [1] - The article expresses hope for further technological innovations to enhance the understanding of China's rich and profound civilization [1]

Core Insights - The article highlights the significant archaeological discoveries made in the South China Sea, particularly the excavation of two ancient shipwrecks at a depth of approximately 1500 meters, marking a historic breakthrough in underwater archaeology for China [2][8]. Group 1: Archaeological Discoveries - The "Deep Sea Warrior" manned submersible discovered a large number of ancient ceramic jars during its 500th dive, located about 150 kilometers southeast of Sanya, in the South China Sea's northwest slope [2][3]. - The excavation of the two shipwrecks, which were found to contain thousands of artifacts, demonstrates the prosperity of ancient maritime trade along the Maritime Silk Road [4][6]. Group 2: Technological Advancements - The "Deep Sea Warrior" submersible, developed with over 95% domestic technology, has a working capacity of up to 4500 meters underwater, enabling Chinese archaeologists to explore previously unreachable depths [3][4]. - The successful extraction of artifacts involved advanced technologies such as high-resolution imaging and 3D scanning, which aid in documenting and preserving the archaeological findings [5][6]. Group 3: Exhibition and Preservation - The "Deep Blue Treasures" exhibition at the China (Hainan) Nanhai Museum showcases the archaeological findings and emphasizes the importance of artifact preservation through a dynamic approach of simultaneous excavation and exhibition [7][8]. - The preservation process for artifacts extracted from the deep sea is complex, requiring careful cleaning and desalination to prevent deterioration due to environmental changes [7][8].

Core Insights - The article discusses the advancements and capabilities of manned submersibles in deep-sea exploration, highlighting China's achievements in this field [2][4][8] Group 1: Manned Submersibles - The "Fendouzhe" submersible has successfully conducted deep-sea research, including the collection of valuable biological samples from the Mariana and Yap trenches, with findings published in the journal "Cell" [1][8] - The "Deep Sea Warrior" submersible, with a 95% domestic production rate, is set to conduct deep-sea archaeological work in the South China Sea, having already identified over 100,000 relics from shipwrecks [5][7] - Manned submersibles are equipped with advanced technologies, including a life support system, high-pressure resistant materials, and communication systems that allow for real-time data exchange with research vessels [3][4] Group 2: Deep-Sea Research and Discoveries - Research on deep-sea shrimp has revealed their significant role in the deep-sea ecosystem, acting as both decomposers and prey for larger predators, providing insights into life adaptation in extreme environments [9][10] - The deep-sea environment, characterized by high pressure and low temperatures, poses unique challenges for exploration, necessitating specialized equipment and techniques for sample collection [3][9] - The genetic study of deep-sea shrimp represents the deepest animal genome published to date, contributing valuable data for understanding deep-sea ecosystems [10]

Group 1 - The Deep Sea Research Institute has celebrated its 9th anniversary and awarded medals to its first batch of deep-sea divers, highlighting their contributions to deep-sea exploration [1] - The institute operates two manned submersibles, "Deep Sea Warrior" and "Fighter," with a total of 25 divers, averaging 32 years of age, primarily from engineering backgrounds [1] - A total of 1,204 dives have been conducted by the divers, with "Deep Sea Warrior" achieving 820 dives and "Fighter" 384 dives, including 25 dives to depths exceeding 10,000 meters [2] Group 2 - "Deep Sea Warrior" has set multiple records, including 12 dives in 8 days, while "Fighter" made history with 8 consecutive dives to depths of 10,000 meters [2] - The deep-sea exploration has led to significant discoveries, including two Ming Dynasty shipwrecks in the South China Sea and the first-ever deep-sea rock samples from depths of 10,000 meters [2] - The "Fighter" submersible has focused on deep-sea areas greater than 6,000 meters, conducting international collaborative dives in major oceanic trenches, yielding valuable scientific samples and data [3]