Core Viewpoint - Hainan Province is focusing on transforming its marine economy through technological innovation and strategic development, aiming to become a strong marine province by leveraging its vast maritime territory and resources [1][2]. Group 1: Strategic Development - Hainan is implementing a strategy that emphasizes "land-sea coordination, military-civil integration, technological leadership, and open cooperation" to enhance its marine economy from "scale growth" to "quality upgrade" [1]. - The province aims to establish itself as a deep-sea technology innovation hub, a modern marine industry cluster, and a high ground for international marine cooperation [1]. Group 2: Economic Growth - From 2021 to 2025, Hainan's marine production value is projected to grow at an average annual rate of 9.7%, with the secondary industry share increasing from 9.2% in 2021 to 16.6% in 2025 [2]. - The province is developing a division of labor in industries, with research concentrated in Qizhou, manufacturing in the west, and services in Chengmai [2]. Group 3: Technological Innovation - The establishment of the Sanya Marine Laboratory and the entry of major research institutions and enterprises into deep-sea research signify progress in deep-sea scientific capabilities [1][4]. - Hainan is focusing on a modern marine industry system categorized as "6+4+2," which includes deep-sea technology, blue carbon economy, marine high-end equipment, marine renewable energy, marine biological manufacturing, and AI marine models [4]. Group 4: Institutional Innovation - Hainan has created a "three-dimensional collaboration" institutional innovation system to facilitate cross-departmental cooperation and resource sharing for deep-sea technology and blue carbon development [7]. - The province has implemented a closed-loop incentive system covering tax, finance, and talent to ensure that deep-sea technologies transition from laboratories to market applications [9]. Group 5: Environmental and Economic Synergy - Hainan's blue carbon protection model has received recognition from the United Nations, maintaining a 99.9% good water quality ratio in coastal waters, demonstrating the coexistence of ecological assets and economic value [10]. - The province is establishing six equipment bases in the western industrial corridor to create a trillion-level cluster for high-end deep-sea equipment manufacturing, promoting a full industrial chain in deep-sea oil and gas and marine renewable energy [11].

Core Insights - The "Fendouzhe" manned submersible has embarked on an international mission under the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development, marking a significant advancement in China's deep-sea exploration capabilities [1] Group 1: Mission Achievements - In 2025, China's three manned submersibles completed a total of 321 dives, with "Fendouzhe" leading at 118 dives, achieving regular manned deep-sea operations at depths of 10,000 meters [1] - The "Fendouzhe" submersible successfully conducted 43 dives during its 98-day Arctic expedition, making China the only country capable of continuous manned deep-sea operations in areas with over 80% ice coverage [1][16] - The mission resulted in the collection of valuable geological samples, including basalt from the Gakkel Ridge, which is crucial for understanding Earth's evolutionary history [3][16] Group 2: Technological Innovations - The "Fendouzhe" submersible has undergone various technological upgrades, including a secondary release device that allows it to hover at a depth of 300 meters before safely ascending, facilitating deep-sea operations in extreme conditions [18] - The collaboration between the submersible and the icebreaker "Exploration III" established a new mobile ice diving model, enhancing operational efficiency in the Arctic [16] Group 3: Research Contributions - The mission provided critical data and samples that will support research on Arctic climate change, evolutionary mechanisms of life, and deep mantle activities [16] - The successful dives in the Gakkel Ridge area, previously unexplored by manned submersibles, have positioned China as a leader in deep-sea scientific research [13][20]

Core Viewpoint - The exhibition "Sailing Towards the Sea: Special Exhibition of Deep-sea Archaeology in the Northwest Slope of the South China Sea" showcases the latest achievements in deep-sea archaeology, featuring the significant discoveries of two shipwrecks from the Ming Dynasty, highlighting their historical, scientific, and artistic value [1][2]. Group 1 - The shipwrecks, identified as No. 1 and No. 2 in the northwest slope of the South China Sea, were discovered in October 2022 at a depth of approximately 1500 meters, dating back to the Zhengde and Hongzhi periods of the Ming Dynasty [1]. - The archaeological findings from these shipwrecks are considered a milestone in China's underwater archaeology and have been selected as one of the "Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries of 2023" [1]. - The exhibition features 377 artifacts from the shipwrecks, utilizing innovative display technologies and interactive elements to engage visitors in the exploration of the maritime Silk Road's role in cultural exchange during the Ming Dynasty [2]. Group 2 - The exhibition emphasizes the complexities and challenges of deep-sea archaeology, showcasing advanced technologies and equipment, such as the "Deep Sea Warrior" manned submersible, and the harsh conditions of high pressure, low temperature, and darkness [2]. - It also highlights the importance of artifact preservation, demonstrating the onsite operations and laboratory processes involved in protecting these historical items [2]. - The exhibition is set to run until March 15, 2026, allowing ample time for public engagement and education on deep-sea archaeological practices [3].

Core Insights - In 2025, China's manned submersible application capabilities are expected to continue improving, achieving significant milestones with a total of 314 deep dive missions planned [4][6]. Group 1: Manned Submersible Operations - The "Jiaolong" submersible is projected to complete 93 dives in 2025, while the "Deep Sea Warrior" has already completed 106 dives as of December 20 this year, and the "Fighter" has completed 115 dives [6]. - The "Fighter" submersible team successfully conducted China's first manned deep dive scientific research in the Arctic dense ice area, expanding the operational scope from deep-sea to all ocean areas [8]. Group 2: Archaeological and Collaborative Efforts - In 2025, the "Deep Sea Warrior" will execute 18 deep-sea archaeological missions in the underwater cultural heritage area of the northwest slope of the South China Sea, marking the first collaboration between manned and unmanned submersibles for efficient underwater shipwreck investigations [11]. - By 2026, the cumulative number of dives by China's three deep-sea manned submersibles is expected to exceed 2,000, with a total of 1,746 dives completed to date [11]. Group 3: Future Prospects and International Collaboration - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China aims to organize more domestic and international joint scientific research voyages, enhancing international scientific cooperation and promoting the development of deep-sea scientific research, technology R&D, and equipment applications [11].

Core Insights - In 2025, China's three manned submersibles are expected to complete a total of 314 manned deep-sea dives, indicating a continuous improvement in the application level of manned submersibles [1] - The "Jiaolong" submersible team achieved China's first manned deep dive in the Arctic ice zone in 2025, innovating a collaborative underwater operation model with the "Fendouzhe" submersible [2] - The "Fendouzhe" submersible team conducted China's first manned deep dive scientific expedition in densely packed Arctic ice, expanding the scope of manned deep diving from the ocean's bottom to all marine areas [4] - The "Deep Sea Warrior" submersible executed 18 deep-sea archaeological applications in the South China Sea, marking the first collaborative operation between manned and unmanned submersibles for efficient underwater shipwreck investigations [6] - By 2026, the cumulative number of dives by China's three manned submersibles is expected to exceed 2000, with plans for more domestic and international joint scientific expeditions during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [7]

Core Insights - In 2025, China's three manned submersibles are expected to complete a total of 314 deep-sea dives, indicating a continuous improvement in the application level of manned submersibles in the country [1][10] - The "Jiaolong" submersible is projected to dive 93 times, while the "Deep Sea Warrior" and "Fighter" submersibles have already completed 106 and 115 dives respectively as of December 20 this year [1] - The manned submersible operations have expanded from "full ocean depth" to "full ocean area," with the first manned dive in the Arctic ice zone being achieved [3][5] Group 1 - In 2025, the "Fighter" submersible team completed China's first manned dive in the Arctic ice zone and conducted underwater collaborative operations with the "Deep Sea Warrior," innovating a dual manned submersible underwater operation model [3] - The "Deep Sea Warrior" submersible executed 18 deep-sea archaeological applications in the South China Sea's northwest slope underwater cultural heritage protection area, marking the first collaborative operation between manned and unmanned submersibles for efficient underwater shipwreck investigations [8] - By 2026, the total number of dives by the three manned submersibles is expected to exceed 2000, with plans for more domestic and international joint scientific expeditions during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [10] Group 2 - The "Exploration No. 3," China's first manned submersible operation mother ship with ice-breaking capabilities, supported the "Fighter" submersible team in conducting the first manned deep-sea scientific expedition in densely packed Arctic ice areas [5] - The implementation of the "Global Abyss Exploration Plan" by the Chinese Academy of Sciences aims to promote international scientific cooperation and advance deep-sea scientific research, technology development, and equipment application [5]

Core Insights - The user committee of China's major scientific infrastructure "Manned Submersibles and Offshore Operation Mother Ship" announced the annual application status of three manned submersibles for 2025 and preliminary plans for 2026 [1] Group 1: Manned Submersible Operations - In 2025, the "Jiaolong" manned submersible is expected to dive 93 times, while the "Deep Sea Warrior" and "Fighter" submersibles have already completed 106 and 115 dives respectively as of December 20, 2025, leading to a total of 314 manned deep-sea dives for the year [7] - The "Jiaolong" team achieved China's first manned dive in the Arctic ice zone in 2025, collaborating with the "Fighter" for underwater operations, thus innovating a dual-manned submersible operational model [10] Group 2: Research and Exploration Initiatives - The "Fighter" submersible is advancing the "Global Abyss Exploration Plan," organizing the first international joint scientific expedition to the Puysegur Trench for manned deep-sea dives [12] - The "Fighter" team completed China's first manned deep-sea scientific expedition in densely packed Arctic ice, expanding the scope of manned deep-sea operations from "full ocean depth" to "full ocean area" [12] Group 3: Future Projections - By 2026, the cumulative number of dives by China's three manned submersibles is expected to exceed 2000 [14] - In 2025, the "Deep Sea Warrior" conducted 18 dives in the South China Sea's northwest slope underwater cultural heritage protection area, marking the first collaborative operation between manned and unmanned submersibles for efficient underwater shipwreck investigations [13] - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China aims to organize more domestic and international joint scientific expeditions leveraging manned and unmanned deep-sea equipment, enhancing international scientific cooperation and promoting deep-sea research and technology development [17]

Core Viewpoint - The annual meeting of the user committee for China's major scientific infrastructure "Manned Submersible and Offshore Operation Mother Ship" was held, outlining the application status of three manned submersibles for 2025 and preliminary plans for 2026 [1] Group 1: Manned Submersible Operations - In 2025, it is expected that a total of 314 manned deep dives will be completed, with "Jiaolong" expected to dive 93 times, "Deep Sea Warrior" having already completed 106 dives, and "Fighter" having completed 115 dives [2] - The "Jiaolong" team completed China's first manned deep dive in the Arctic ice zone in 2025, innovating a collaborative underwater operation model with "Fighter" [4] - The manned deep diving capability has expanded from "full ocean depth" to "full ocean area," supported by the domestically designed ice-capable mother ship "Exploration No. 3" [6] Group 2: International Collaboration and Research - The "Fighter" submersible is advancing the "Global Abyss Exploration Plan," organizing the first international joint expedition for manned deep diving in the Puysegur Trench [8] - In 2025, "Deep Sea Warrior" conducted 18 deep-sea archaeological dives in the underwater cultural heritage protection area of the northwestern slope of the South China Sea, marking the first collaborative operation between manned and unmanned submersibles [9] Group 3: Future Projections - The cumulative number of dives by China's three manned submersibles is expected to exceed 2,000 by 2026, with a total of 1,746 dives completed to date [10] - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, more domestic and international joint scientific expeditions are anticipated, promoting international scientific cooperation and advancing deep-sea research and technology development [10]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights China's advancements in deep-sea exploration technology, focusing on two key manned submersibles, "Deep Sea Warrior" and "Fighter," which are crucial for unlocking the treasures of the deep sea and supporting various scientific endeavors [1][3]. Group 1: Technological Advancements - The "Deep Sea Warrior" submersible has completed 858 dives, while the "Fighter" has completed 441 dives, showcasing their international leading operational capabilities [3]. - The "Deep Sea Warrior" has undergone significant upgrades, including a mechanical arm with double the weight capacity and enhanced maneuverability, allowing for more complex tasks [11]. - The "Fighter" has introduced a secondary release device, enabling it to hover at a depth of 300 meters during ascent, facilitating various scientific explorations [13]. Group 2: Scientific Exploration Initiatives - The "Global Abyss Exploration Plan," launched during the 14th Five-Year Plan, has attracted numerous domestic and international research teams, establishing a foundation for China to gain a competitive edge in deep-sea science [5][15]. - This plan has involved 145 scientists from 10 countries, conducting systematic research on nine major oceanic trenches, leading to significant scientific discoveries [15]. - The "Deep Sea Warrior" is set to undertake archaeological missions, such as the excavation of a sunken ship in the South China Sea, utilizing advanced underwater photography and mapping techniques [7][9]. Group 3: Future Directions - The two submersibles are expected to continue expanding China's marine exploration capabilities, with the "Deep Sea Warrior" focusing on complex tasks like underwater archaeology and rescue operations, while the "Fighter" will lead international research on global deep-sea environments [21]. - New generation deep-sea detection spectrometers are being developed to enhance the understanding of the underwater environment, reflecting ongoing innovation in deep-sea research equipment [17]. - The achievements in deep-sea exploration are paving the way for China to establish its own path in marine science, emphasizing the nation's commitment to advancing its technological prowess in this field [19][21].

Core Viewpoint - The integration of deep-sea technology into China's development strategy is highlighted, showcasing advancements in marine exploration and research capabilities, particularly in Hainan province [1][5]. Group 1: Deep-Sea Technology Development - "Deep-sea technology" has been included in the government work report for the first time, emphasizing its importance in national development [1]. - Hainan's unique geographical advantages facilitate the testing and application of deep-sea equipment, with various teams working on innovative solutions [1]. - The "Albatross" unmanned sailing vessel is designed for long-distance travel and can dive to depths of 1,000 meters, enabling scientific observations in extreme weather conditions [3][4]. Group 2: Research and Exploration Achievements - The "Albatross" successfully traversed a typhoon, collecting valuable meteorological and oceanographic data that enhances understanding of typhoon dynamics and improves forecasting accuracy [3]. - The "Fighter" manned submersible has enabled researchers to explore deep-sea ecosystems, discovering previously unknown life forms and expanding knowledge of deep-sea biodiversity [5][6]. - Collaborative efforts between the "Fighter" and other deep-sea exploration tools have led to significant advancements in marine biology research, including studies published in international journals [6]. Group 3: Infrastructure and Resource Sharing - The Nanshan Port public scientific research dock is open to all research institutions, facilitating marine equipment testing and enhancing the deep-sea technology industry chain [7]. - The number of scientific research voyages serviced by Nanshan Port has increased dramatically, from 30 in 2020 to an expected 1,416 in 2024, indicating growing research activity [7]. - The establishment of a comprehensive marine technology platform aims to integrate resources and improve research efficiency, with a reported output of 770 million yuan from deep-sea equipment in the Sanya area [8].