Core Insights - The "Fendouzhe" manned submersible successfully completed 43 dive missions in the Arctic, collaborating with the "Jiaolong" submersible, marking a significant advancement in underwater cooperative operations for China [3][4]. Group 1: Mission Overview - The mission was organized by the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, utilizing the "Exploration No. 3" vessel and the "Fendouzhe" submersible for manned deep-sea exploration in the Arctic [3]. - The expedition lasted 56 days, during which the team conducted a series of scientific investigations and experiments in the Arctic Ocean [3]. - The maximum dive depth achieved was 5,277 meters, representing the first manned deep-sea exploration of the Gakkel Ridge in the Arctic [3]. Group 2: Scientific Contributions - The "Fendouzhe" submersible collected valuable samples of Arctic water, sediments, rocks, and biological specimens, providing significant observational data for research on rapid climate change in the Arctic and the evolution and adaptation mechanisms of life in extreme environments [3][4]. - The mission validated the operational capabilities and application value of the "Fendouzhe" submersible and the "Exploration No. 3" vessel in polar ice regions, achieving breakthroughs in domestic technology for deep-sea exploration [4]. Group 3: Technological Innovations - The expedition pioneered a new mobile ice-diving model of "ship-submersible cooperation" in dense ice areas, positioning China as the only country currently conducting continuous manned deep-sea dives in the Arctic's dense sea ice [4]. - The "Fendouzhe" submersible and the "Jiaolong" submersible completed over ten dive missions in the Arctic, engaging in underwater cooperative tasks such as positioning searches and underwater motion photography [4].

Core Insights - The deep sea holds untapped treasures that require advanced technology for exploration and development [1] Group 1: Technological Advancements - The "Deep Sea Warrior" and "Fighter" manned submersibles have significantly contributed to deep-sea archaeology and scientific research, with "Deep Sea Warrior" completing 858 dives and "Fighter" 441 dives as of September this year, showcasing international leadership in operational capacity [2][4] - The "Global Abyss Exploration Plan," initiated during the 14th Five-Year Plan, has attracted numerous domestic and international research teams, establishing a foundation for China's leadership in deep-sea science [4][11] Group 2: Research and Discoveries - The latest expedition of "Deep Sea Warrior" aims to conduct archaeological excavations at a shipwreck site in the South China Sea, utilizing a new universal mapping platform to enhance underwater detection efficiency [5][7] - The "Global Abyss Exploration Plan" has involved 145 scientists from 10 countries, leading to systematic research on nine major oceanic trenches and significant scientific discoveries [11][23] Group 3: International Collaboration - The recognition of the "Global Abyss Exploration Plan" by the United Nations as part of the "Ocean Decade" highlights China's manned submersible capabilities on the international stage [11][13] - Initial skepticism from international scientists regarding China's deep-sea equipment has been overcome through successful collaborations, leading to significant sample collections and research advancements [20][21] Group 4: Future Directions - The "Deep Sea Warrior" will focus on complex tasks such as deep-sea archaeology and rescue operations, while "Fighter" will lead international scientists in systematic studies of global abysses and polar underwater research [27]

Core Insights - The article highlights China's successful completion of its 15th Arctic scientific expedition, marking the largest scale of such an endeavor to date [1][19] - A significant achievement during this expedition was the first manned deep-sea dive in the Arctic ice zone using the "Jiaolong" submersible, indicating a new phase in China's deep-sea exploration capabilities [3][5][7] Group 1: Expedition Overview - The expedition involved four vessels: "Snow Dragon 2," "Polar," "Deep Sea One," and "Exploration Three," showcasing China's commitment to Arctic research [1][19] - The expedition reached a record latitude of 77.5° North, filling a gap in high-latitude oceanic research for China [21] Group 2: Technological Innovations - The "Jiaolong" submersible's successful dive represents a breakthrough in China's deep-sea exploration, transitioning from "full ocean depth" to "full ocean area" operations [7] - The expedition featured the world's first underwater collaborative operation between manned and unmanned submersibles in the Arctic region, enhancing operational capabilities [8][10] Group 3: Scientific Discoveries - The expedition collected a diverse range of biological samples, including 183 specimens across 12 categories, contributing valuable data to marine biology [21] - AI technology was utilized for real-time biological identification during the expedition, combined with environmental DNA analysis to enhance accuracy [14][16] - The study revealed significant variations in benthic organism density and biodiversity across different spatial scales in the Arctic [18] Group 4: Environmental Insights - The expedition improved understanding of the formation mechanisms of "marine snow," a phenomenon observed in deep-sea environments, which is crucial for studying the Arctic ecosystem's response to climate change [23]

Group 1 - The Deep Sea Research Institute has celebrated its 9th anniversary and awarded medals to its first batch of deep-sea divers, highlighting their contributions to deep-sea exploration [1] - The institute operates two manned submersibles, "Deep Sea Warrior" and "Fighter," with a total of 25 divers, averaging 32 years of age, primarily from engineering backgrounds [1] - A total of 1,204 dives have been conducted by the divers, with "Deep Sea Warrior" achieving 820 dives and "Fighter" 384 dives, including 25 dives to depths exceeding 10,000 meters [2] Group 2 - "Deep Sea Warrior" has set multiple records, including 12 dives in 8 days, while "Fighter" made history with 8 consecutive dives to depths of 10,000 meters [2] - The deep-sea exploration has led to significant discoveries, including two Ming Dynasty shipwrecks in the South China Sea and the first-ever deep-sea rock samples from depths of 10,000 meters [2] - The "Fighter" submersible has focused on deep-sea areas greater than 6,000 meters, conducting international collaborative dives in major oceanic trenches, yielding valuable scientific samples and data [3]