如何优化各层级辅助服务市场的品类配置与交易机制？ 电力辅助服务是保障电力系统稳定、促进清洁能源消纳的关键，是能源绿色转型的重要支撑。 从辅助服务的内涵看，电力辅助服务是为维护电力系统安全稳定运行与电能质量，由电力调度机构统一 调用，在输送电能的同时向电力系统提供的安全调节服务，是确保电力系统安全可靠运行的关键基础。 电力辅助服务分为三大类：第一类是有功平衡服务，主要包括调频、备用和调峰服务等。第二类是无功 平衡服务，即电压调节服务。第三类是事故恢复类服务，主要包括黑启动、稳定切机和负荷控制等。随 着储能、虚拟电厂等新技术的应用，电力辅助服务的服务主体与服务内涵在不断拓展。 相较于一般电能商品，电力辅助服务具有三大特性： 近期，国家相关部委出台系列政策，明确电力辅助服务市场在电力市场体系中的核心地位，旨在健全市 场化价格机制，推动灵活调节性资源多元化发展，更好服务于新能源高质量发展和保障电力系统安全稳 定运行。 一是公共产品属性。与电能商品的私人消费性质不同，电力辅助服务的作用覆盖整个电力系统，对维持 系统整体稳定至关重要。公共产品属性具有不可分性和非排他性，即一旦辅助服务被提供，其效用将不 可分割地惠及所有接 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the newly issued "Basic Rules for Metering and Settlement in the Electricity Market," which aims to enhance the management of metering and settlement in the national unified electricity market, ensuring fair and accurate transactions among market participants [3][8]. Summary by Sections General Principles - The rules are established to implement the central government's directives for deepening electricity system reform and building a unified national market [8]. - Metering is defined as the measurement and recording of electricity data to meet settlement needs [9]. - The rules apply to all types of electricity markets and emphasize the importance of accurate and timely settlement [9][10]. Overall Requirements - Electricity market settlement includes energy trading, ancillary services trading, and capacity trading, with settlements generally conducted on a natural month basis [11][12]. - In continuous operation of the electricity spot market, a "daily clearing and monthly settlement" model is adopted [12]. - The rules require that all market participants adhere to the established metering and settlement processes [9][10]. Rights and Obligations - Market participants must participate in the electricity market according to the rules and provide necessary data for settlement [15]. - The electricity trading institution is responsible for compiling settlement data and ensuring its accuracy [17]. - The grid enterprises must issue electricity bills based on the settlement basis provided by the trading institution [18]. Metering Management - Market participants must install metering devices that meet national standards and undergo regular calibration [20]. - The grid enterprises are responsible for ensuring that metering devices are installed and maintained properly [20][21]. Settlement Management - Settlement preparation involves collecting and summarizing the necessary data within specified timeframes [27]. - The electricity trading institution compiles settlement bases based on market rules and foundational data [33]. - Electricity bills must be issued by grid enterprises within specified deadlines, ensuring timely payment to generation companies [42][43]. Supervision and Management - Disputes regarding metering and settlement can be resolved through mediation or legal channels [41]. - Regulatory bodies will address any non-compliance with the metering and settlement rules [41]. Implementation - The rules will take effect on October 1, 2025, and will be valid for five years [43][44].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the adjustments made to the peak shaving auxiliary service market price mechanism in Qinghai, as outlined by the Qinghai Electric Power Market Management Committee, emphasizing the integration of auxiliary services with the spot market [1][4]. Group 1: Adjustment of Peak Shaving Auxiliary Service Market Price Cap - The price cap for peak shaving auxiliary services has been adjusted based on the principle of not exceeding the on-grid electricity price of local grid-connected renewable energy projects. The new price caps for deep peak shaving in thermal power are as follows: - Shaanxi: 0.3545 CNY/kWh - Ningxia: 0.2595 CNY/kWh - Qinghai: 0.3247 CNY/kWh [2][10][13]. - The peak shaving trading cap for virtual power plants in Ningxia remains at 0.19 CNY/kWh, while other types of peak shaving trading will follow the deep peak shaving price cap for thermal power [2][13]. Group 2: Strengthening Integration with the Spot Market - During the period when the electricity spot market is not operational, the peak shaving auxiliary service market will operate according to market rules. During the trial settlement period, no compensation will be provided for peak shaving services [4][10]. - Once the spot market is continuously operational, the peak shaving auxiliary service market will generally cease to operate, encouraging market participants to respond to spot market price signals for peak shaving and valley filling, thereby integrating the functions of the peak shaving market into the spot market [4][10].

Core Viewpoint - The introduction of the "Basic Rules for the Electricity Auxiliary Service Market" marks a significant step in China's electricity market reform, transitioning from a planned compensation model to a market-driven approach, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the power supply system [1][4][5]. Group 1: Importance of Auxiliary Services - Electricity auxiliary services are crucial for maintaining the stability and safety of the power system, providing essential functions such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, and backup services [2][3]. - The increasing share of renewable energy sources necessitates a robust auxiliary service framework to manage fluctuations and ensure reliable electricity supply [3][4]. Group 2: Market Development and Structure - The auxiliary service market in China has evolved through three stages: free service before 2006, planned compensation from 2006 to 2014, and partial marketization since 2014 [5]. - As of May 2, 2023, 16 provinces have established peak shaving markets, 15 have set up frequency regulation markets, and 2 have initiated ramping markets, although there is a lack of uniform pricing mechanisms across regions [5][6]. Group 3: New Market Participants - The new rules incorporate various entities such as energy storage companies, virtual power plants, and smart microgrids as market participants, promoting a more diverse and competitive market landscape [6][7]. - The rules aim to unify provincial regulations, facilitating better resource allocation and market participation across different regions [6][7]. Group 4: Market Opportunities and Economic Impact - The new regulations are expected to unlock significant market potential, with estimates suggesting that the scale of new participants in the auxiliary service market could exceed 30 billion yuan this year [7][9]. - Traditional thermal power plants are shifting their roles from mere electricity suppliers to system regulators, enhancing their revenue streams through participation in auxiliary services [7][8]. Group 5: Integration with Electric Vehicles - The rise of electric vehicles presents new opportunities for the auxiliary service market, as demonstrated by large-scale vehicle-grid interactions that help reduce peak load differences and enhance grid stability [9]. - The integration of auxiliary services with the electricity spot market is anticipated to create a comprehensive electricity market system, further optimizing resource allocation and reducing costs [9].

Core Viewpoint - The release of the "Basic Rules for the Electricity Auxiliary Service Market" by the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration marks the comprehensive establishment of the core basic rules for China's long-term electricity market, spot market, and auxiliary service market [1] Group 1: Market Development - The electricity auxiliary service market in China has achieved nationwide coverage, forming a regional and provincial auxiliary service market system centered on peak regulation, frequency regulation, and standby trading varieties [1] - New entities such as independent energy storage and virtual power plants are actively encouraged to participate in the auxiliary service market in some regions [1] Group 2: Future Outlook - The "Basic Rules for the Electricity Auxiliary Service Market" is the first national-level regulation in China, aimed at promoting a market-oriented flexibility resource allocation in the electricity system to meet the new system adjustment requirements arising from a high proportion of renewable energy supply and consumption in the future [1] - By the end of 2024, the total installed power capacity in China is expected to exceed 3 billion kilowatts for the first time, with wind and solar power installations surpassing 1.4 billion kilowatts [1] - In 11 provinces including Hebei, Jilin, and Jiangxi, renewable energy has surpassed conventional power sources to become the primary energy source locally [1]

Core Viewpoint - The release of the "Basic Rules for the Electricity Auxiliary Service Market" marks a significant advancement in China's electricity auxiliary service market, transitioning from a planned compensation model to a market-driven approach, which is essential for supporting the new power system and energy transition [1][10][24]. Group 1: Importance of the Rules - The rules effectively ensure the safety and stability of the electricity system, promoting the development of the electricity auxiliary service market [3][4]. - They implement the requirements for a unified national electricity market system, providing guiding principles and frameworks for local auxiliary service market construction [3][4]. - The rules align with the development trends of the new power system, supporting the large-scale growth of renewable energy and ensuring its stable integration [4][10]. Group 2: Highlights of the Rules - The rules establish a legal and policy foundation for market system construction, clearly defining the concept and scope of electricity auxiliary services [6]. - They broaden the range of market participants, including new entities like energy storage companies and virtual power plants, while standardizing the entry and exit processes for market participants [6][29]. - The rules provide detailed guidance for local implementation, ensuring uniformity and completeness in market regulations [6][30]. Group 3: Market Mechanisms and Structures - The rules clarify the pricing principles for auxiliary services, establishing a fair and efficient cost-sharing mechanism based on the principle of "who benefits, who bears the cost" [7][20]. - They enhance the integration of the auxiliary service market with the energy market, ensuring smooth connections in registration, trading sequences, and clearing processes [8][20]. - The rules specify the measurement and settlement of auxiliary service costs, ensuring transparency and fairness in market operations [8][31]. Group 4: Risk Management and Regulatory Framework - The rules outline a comprehensive risk prevention mechanism for the auxiliary service market, addressing various risks such as supply-demand imbalances and market power monopolies [20][30]. - They emphasize the importance of precise monitoring and regulatory oversight throughout the market operation process to ensure fairness and transparency [31].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of establishing a new ecosystem for the electricity ancillary services market in China, driven by the increasing share of renewable energy and the need for enhanced system flexibility and stability [2][4]. Summary by Sections Development Stages of Ancillary Services Market - The development of China's electricity ancillary services market can be categorized into three stages: 1. Vertical Integration Stage (before 2002) where ancillary services were bundled with generation and compensated through a unified electricity price [3]. 2. "Separation of Generation and Grid" Phase (2002-2006) where compensation for ancillary services was introduced based on cost recovery principles [3]. 3. Market Exploration Stage (post-2006) where the need for market mechanisms to enhance resource allocation became evident, leading to the launch of the first regional peak-shaving service market in 2014 [3]. Key Developments and Regulations - The issuance of the "Basic Rules for Electricity Ancillary Services Market" marks a significant step in China's electricity market reform, transitioning from an energy market to a multi-dimensional market that includes ancillary services [4][6]. Framework and Mechanisms - The article outlines several key aspects of the new rules: 1. Establishment of a clear framework for the ancillary services market [5]. 2. Definition of ancillary service types and their functions [6]. 3. Development of a compensation mechanism that clarifies who provides, benefits, and bears costs for ancillary services [5][8]. Implementation and Standardization - The rules aim to standardize the ancillary services market across regions, addressing inconsistencies and promoting a unified market structure [7][8]. - The article highlights the importance of a clear fee transmission mechanism, ensuring that costs are fairly allocated based on the principles of "who provides, who benefits" [8]. Encouragement of New Participants - The new rules encourage the participation of innovative entities such as energy storage companies and virtual power plants, recognizing their potential to enhance system flexibility [8]. Process and Workflow - A comprehensive workflow for market construction is established, covering all aspects from planning to implementation, ensuring a systematic approach to market development [8].

Group 1 - The article discusses the implementation of the "Basic Rules for the Electricity Auxiliary Service Market," which aims to optimize the pricing mechanism and establish a unified regulatory framework for the electricity auxiliary service market in China [2][3] - The new rules are expected to enhance the construction of a national unified electricity market, improve the utilization of renewable energy, and accelerate the cultivation of new productive forces in the electricity sector [2][3][5] Group 2 - The rules provide a solid institutional foundation for the construction of a national unified electricity market, transitioning from previous stages of free service and planned compensation to a market-oriented approach [3][4] - The introduction of a "market connection" chapter in the rules aims to improve the overall operational efficiency of the electricity market and reduce operational costs by optimizing resource allocation [4][5] Group 3 - The rules are designed to enhance the absorption and utilization of renewable energy, which is projected to exceed 40% of installed capacity by the end of 2024, addressing challenges related to the randomness and volatility of renewable energy sources [5][6] - The scope of entities eligible to provide auxiliary services has been expanded to include not only traditional power generation companies but also new entities such as energy storage companies and virtual power plants, thereby maximizing the potential of flexible resources [5][6][7] Group 4 - The rules support the rapid development of new productive forces in the electricity sector, such as energy storage and virtual power plants, by granting them equal market status with traditional power generation companies [7][8] - A multi-dimensional value realization system is established for new entities, allowing them to provide various auxiliary services and create a dual-driven profit model, thus facilitating a shift from policy-driven to market-driven development [8]

Core Viewpoint - The release of the "Basic Rules for the Electricity Auxiliary Service Market" marks a significant step towards optimizing resource allocation through market mechanisms, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system [1][2] Summary by Relevant Sections Importance of the Rules - The rules are crucial for ensuring the safety and stability of the power system and advancing the development of the electricity auxiliary service market [2] - Market-oriented reforms will enhance energy resource allocation and encourage participation from various stakeholders, including power generation and sales entities, thereby improving power supply security [2] - The rules align with the national unified electricity market system and summarize lessons learned from local auxiliary service market developments [2] Highlights of the Rules - The rules establish a legal and policy foundation for market system construction, defining the concept and scope of electricity auxiliary services [3] - They expand the range of market participants to include new entities such as energy storage companies and virtual power plants, while standardizing the entry and exit processes for market participants [3] - Detailed guidance is provided for local implementation, ensuring uniformity and completeness of market rules across regions [3] Compensation and Market Efficiency - The rules stipulate that auxiliary service prices are determined by market forces, establishing a fair cost-sharing mechanism based on the principle of "who benefits, who bears the cost" [4] - They facilitate the integration of the auxiliary service market with the energy market, ensuring orderly development and clear connections between different market segments [4] - The rules also define the settlement methods for auxiliary service costs, promoting transparency and fairness in market operations [4] Risk Management - The rules identify various risk types within the auxiliary service market and outline protocols for risk monitoring and emergency response [5] - In the event of market risks, power dispatch agencies are required to prioritize safety and document emergency measures taken [5]

Core Insights - The release of the "Basic Rules for the Power Auxiliary Service Market" signifies a shift from "planned compensation" to a "market-driven" approach in China's power auxiliary services, providing institutional support for the construction of a new power system [1][5] Group 1: Key Challenges Addressed - The power auxiliary service market aims to tackle three critical challenges in energy transition: the shortage of flexible resources, insufficient regulation capacity, and the dual randomness of the new power system [1] - The market is expected to enhance the flexibility of coal power plants, increasing their peak regulation capacity from an average of 40% to 60%, with some units reaching 70%-80% [1] - The market facilitates the efficient consumption of renewable energy, promoting an annual increase of 1.2 trillion kilowatt-hours in renewable energy generation, which corresponds to a reduction in the curtailment rate of wind and solar energy by 5.2 percentage points [1] Group 2: System Security Enhancement - A multi-variety collaborative approach is established to ensure grid stability, with the grid frequency compliance rate projected to reach 99.999% by 2024, and the unplanned outage rate expected to decrease by 45% [2] - The North China region successfully addressed a power shortfall of 3 million kilowatts caused by severe weather through the cross-province reserve market [2] Group 3: Mechanism Innovation - The "Basic Rules" outline six pillars for constructing a unified national power auxiliary service market, focusing on breaking down traditional market barriers and promoting clean energy transition [3] - Clear entry requirements for auxiliary service providers are established, ensuring they possess measurable and controllable capabilities [3] - The market construction mechanism is defined, with the power dispatching agency responsible for assessing market demand and developing technical specifications [3] Group 4: Market Structure and Risk Management - The auxiliary service market will include various service types such as peak regulation, frequency regulation, and reserve services, aimed at maintaining system stability [4] - A cost transmission mechanism is established based on the principle of "who benefits, who bears the cost," ensuring that auxiliary service costs are shared among users [4] - A comprehensive risk prevention system is created to address supply-demand imbalances, market monopolies, price volatility, technical failures, and cybersecurity risks [4] Group 5: Future Outlook - The auxiliary service market is positioned as the "value center" of the new power system, playing a crucial role in ensuring energy security, promoting green transition, and facilitating industrial upgrades [5] - Continuous improvement of market mechanisms and technological support is necessary to achieve safe, economical, and efficient operation of the power system under the dual carbon goals [5]