Core Viewpoint - The global pharmaceutical industry is facing a downturn in the capital market due to uncertain policies from the Trump administration, leading to increased cost pressures from tariffs and drug price negotiations. Major pharmaceutical companies are announcing cost-cutting measures and layoffs in their recent quarterly reports [2][4]. Group 1: Market Performance - The S&P 500 healthcare sector index, with a total market value of nearly $5 trillion, has declined by approximately 5% this year, while the S&P 500 index has increased by over 7%. The net outflow of funds from U.S. healthcare stocks has surpassed that of any other sector [2]. - The price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio for the healthcare industry has dropped from nearly 20 times a year ago to about 16 times, with Merck and Bristol-Myers Squibb's expected P/E ratios at 8.7 and 7.4, respectively, both below the industry average [4]. Group 2: Cost-Cutting Measures - Merck has announced a cost-cutting and layoff plan aimed at saving $3 billion annually by 2027, with an expected cost increase of $200 million due to current tariff levels. The plan includes $1.7 billion in savings from administrative, sales, and R&D expenses [4]. - Pfizer has initiated a significant cost-cutting plan, targeting approximately $4.5 billion in net savings by the end of 2025 and $7.2 billion by the end of 2027. The company is also in discussions with U.S. officials regarding drug price reductions [5][6]. - Moderna is facing financial challenges, with its stock price down over 75% from its pandemic peak, and has announced a 10% workforce reduction, aiming to cut annual operating expenses by $1.5 billion by 2027 [7]. Group 3: Future Growth and Challenges - The pharmaceutical industry is confronting a wave of patent expirations in the next two to three years, with nearly $200 billion in sales from drugs exceeding $5 billion annually set to lose patent protection before 2030 [10]. - Companies are increasingly focusing on their drug pipelines to drive future growth. Novo Nordisk is investing in late-stage clinical trials for oral semaglutide and Alzheimer's treatments, while Moderna is developing a melanoma vaccine [9][10]. - The trend of large-scale acquisitions in the pharmaceutical sector has decreased significantly, with companies now favoring smaller acquisitions to achieve higher returns. Chinese innovative drugs are gaining attention for their investment value [11].

在美国特朗普政府不确定的政策影响下，今年全球制药行业在资本市场的表现低迷，关税及药品价格下 调等因素导致企业成本压力上升。在近期公布的第二季度财报中，多家制药企业宣布削减成本，并将采 取减员计划。 今年至今，总市值近5万亿美元规模的标普500医疗保健板块指数下跌约5%，同期标普500指数涨幅超过 7%，美国市场医疗股资金净流出规模也超过其他任何行业。 医疗板块资本市场遇冷 根据伦敦证券交易所数据流（LSEG Datastream）的最新数据，基于对未来一年盈利预测，医疗保健行 业市盈率已从一年前的近20倍降至约16倍。默沙东及百时美施贵宝（BMS）的预期市盈率分别仅为8.7 倍和7.4倍，低于行业平均水平。两家公司今年以来股价累计跌幅都接近20%。 在最新季度的财报中，尽管大部分制药企业都上调了年度利润预期，但由于关税及药品价格谈判等不确 定性因素导致的成本上升风险依然存在。在这一背景下，包括默沙东、辉瑞、诺和诺德在内的制药巨头 都表示将进一步采取行动削减成本。 默沙东已经宣布了一项成本削减和减员计划，预计在2027年前，每年节省30亿美元开支。公司表示，基 于目前关税的水平，相应成本增加预计达到2亿美元。而 ...

资本市场的反应暗示着对Moderna商业策略的怀疑，投资者对新冠疫苗和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）疫苗 的销量反弹信心不足。 当地时间7月31日，美国新冠疫苗巨头莫德纳（Moderna）宣布将在全球裁员10%，到今年年底前将把员 工人数裁撤至约5000人，裁员规模近千人。公司表示，这是由于新冠疫苗销量持续下滑导致。Moderna 股价当天盘后大跌超8%。 就在上个月，Moderna突然宣布，由于全球及日本商业环境发生变化，将取消在日本建设mRNA药物生 产工厂的计划。 今年5月，Moderna表示，到2027年，将把年度运营支出削减约15亿美元。Moderna将于当地时间8月1日 公布最新季度财报。 尽管距离新冠疫情暴发已有5年，但Moderna仍执着于新一代新冠疫苗的研发。今年5月，美国食品药品 监督管理局（FDA）批准了Moderna的第三款疫苗产品——针对新变异株的新冠疫苗。Moderna表示， 未来三年内，该公司可能还会有多达八款新产品获批上市。 但资本市场的反应暗示着对Moderna商业策略的怀疑，投资者对新冠疫苗和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）疫 苗的销量反弹信心不足。 相比之下，同样在疫情中异军突起的德国 ...

当地时间7月31日，美国新冠疫苗巨头莫德纳（Moderna）宣布将在全球裁员10%，到今年年底前将把员 工人数裁撤至约5000人，裁员规模近千人。公司表示，这是由于新冠疫苗销量持续下滑导致。Moderna 股价当天盘后大跌超8%。 资本市场的反应暗示着对Moderna商业策略的怀疑，投资者对新冠疫苗和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）疫苗 的销量反弹信心不足。 但资本市场的反应暗示着对Moderna商业策略的怀疑，投资者对新冠疫苗和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）疫 苗的销量反弹信心不足。 相比之下，同样在疫情中异军突起的德国新冠疫苗厂商BioNTech在疫情后及时调整了策略，获得了资 本的认可。 "Moderna错过了利用新冠疫苗曾带来的丰厚收入进行产品多元化的布局的机会，如果他们能进行更多 产品引进授权，可能会是资本市场更乐于见到的局面，而不会像今天这样被动。这是一个公司战略的选 择问题，他们可能对于自己的研发能力过于自信了。"一位生物医药投资人对第一财经记者表示。 BioNTech过去一年股价上涨近25%，目前市值超过250亿美元，是Moderna的两倍多。 Moderna也在开发一款针对黑色素瘤的肿瘤疫苗，并已进入三期 ...