Core Viewpoint - The World Bank has raised Saudi Arabia's economic growth forecast for 2025 to 3.8% from a previous estimate of 3.2% [1] Economic Outlook - The report indicates that lower oil prices have led to an expansion of the fiscal deficit, but the overall public debt level remains low [1] - The "Vision 2030" initiative and the relaxation of foreign ownership regulations are expected to attract investment and promote economic diversification [1] Digital Transformation - Rapid regional digitalization is highlighted, with over 90% 5G coverage [1] - Investments in data centers, high-performance computing, and artificial intelligence are concentrated in Saudi Arabia [1] Recommendations for Growth - To solidify growth momentum, the report suggests supporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in adopting AI, enhancing retraining, and building an innovation ecosystem [1] - It also emphasizes the importance of maintaining fiscal health to address oil price fluctuations and challenges related to labor and the environment [1]

（原标题：加纳生腰果最低定价为每公斤12塞地） 据"写真在线"12月15日报道，加纳树木作物发展局（TCDA）已批准2025/2026作物季的生腰果最低 生产者价格为每公斤12塞地，旨在保护农民收入并维持腰果产业增长。 该定价机制以每公吨1400美元的FOB价格为基础，综合考虑KOR（每80公斤出仁率）、含水量、 坚果规格、汇率及相关成本，测算得出参考农场交货价为每公斤11.157塞地（按46KOR、含水量不超过 10%），最终取整为12赛地。 各利益相关方将定期审查最低生产者价格，以准确反映市场状况和关键基本参数的变化，包括全球 价格和汇率变动。 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report is that Vietnam's innovation and startup ecosystem has entered a deep development and strong integration phase after over 10 years of formation and growth, with more than 4,000 startups and 2 unicorns [1] - The report highlights the government's initiatives at the central level, including multiple cooperation plans and support policies, such as the issuance of government decrees to encourage private economic development and establish a national innovation and entrepreneurship incentive mechanism [1] - The report identifies eight potential startup sectors in Vietnam, including climate technology, creative economy, aging technology, educational technology, plastic industry innovation, electric vehicles, women-led enterprises, and the overseas Vietnamese entrepreneur community [1] Group 2 - Vietnam aims to add 3 to 4 unicorns by 2030, focusing on 11 strategic technology areas, with artificial intelligence, semiconductors, and green technology being the top three priority sectors [2] - A key highlight of the report is the establishment of a national venture capital fund plan, initially utilizing approximately $20 million in state capital, with a target scale of at least $100 million, while encouraging local governments to establish their own venture capital funds [2]

Core Insights - The Brazilian government announced an investment of over 39 billion reais for infrastructure and equipment under the new "Accelerated Growth Program" (Novo PAC) [1] Group 1: Investment Details - The investment will be allocated to various sectors including education, health, water supply, and sewage [1] - The Social Infrastructure Investment Fund (FIIS) approved financing of 28.1 billion reais for 1,701 projects, which include the purchase of school buses and the construction or expansion of daycare centers, schools, sports fields, primary healthcare facilities, emergency care institutions, comprehensive clinics, and maternity hospitals [1] - Applicants can contact the Brazilian National Economic and Social Development Bank (BNDES) and authorized financial institutions to begin project analysis and formally submit loan applications [1] Group 2: Financing Terms - The financing will include favorable policies such as a 24-month grace period and a repayment term of up to 20 years [1]

Core Insights - Vietnam's cotton import volume exceeded 1.5 million tons with a total import value surpassing $2.6 billion in the first 11 months of 2025, showing a year-on-year volume increase of 13% but a 1% decrease in value [1] Group 1: Cotton Imports - The United States remains Vietnam's largest cotton supplier, with imports reaching 723,000 tons valued at $1.27 billion, marking a volume increase of approximately 130% and a value increase of about 94% year-on-year, accounting for nearly 47% of Vietnam's total cotton imports [1] - Brazil is the second-largest cotton supplier to Vietnam, with imports of approximately 414,000 tons valued at $714 million in the same period [1] Group 2: Textile Industry Overview - Vietnam's annual cotton consumption is around 1.5 million tons, making it the world's third-largest cotton importer [1] - The country ranks sixth globally in fiber exports and third in textile exports, following China and Bangladesh [1] - According to the Vietnam Textile and Apparel Association (VITAS), Vietnam's textile and apparel export value reached approximately $40 billion in the first 11 months of 2025, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 6% [1]

Core Insights - Brazil's coffee exports in November 2025 reached 3.58 million bags (60 kg per bag), generating $1.535 billion in revenue, marking a 26.7% decrease in volume but an 8.9% increase in revenue compared to the same month in 2024 [1] - The average export price for coffee in November 2025 was $428.55 per bag, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 48.68% [1] - For the first 11 months of 2025, Brazil's total coffee exports amounted to 36.87 million bags and $14.253 billion, showing a 21% decline in volume but a 25.3% increase in revenue year-on-year [1] - The president of Cecafé, Márcio Ferreira, noted that the U.S. imposed a 50% tariff on Brazilian coffee from August to November, during which Brazil's coffee exports to the U.S. fell to 1.31 million bags, a 54.9% decrease year-on-year [1]

Core Insights - Bosnia and Herzegovina's central bank foreign exchange reserves reached 18.28 billion marks by the end of October, an increase of 360 million marks from September, representing a year-on-year growth of 1.24 billion marks or 7.3% [1] Group 1: Foreign Exchange Reserves - As of the end of October, foreign exchange reserves stood at 18.28 billion marks, up by 360 million marks from the end of September [1] - Year-on-year, the reserves increased by 1.24 billion marks, reflecting a growth rate of 7.3% [1] Group 2: Domestic Loans - Total domestic loans in Bosnia and Herzegovina reached 28.02 billion marks by the end of October, with an increase of 226.6 million marks from September, marking a growth of 0.8% [1] - Year-on-year, domestic loans grew by 2.84 billion marks, which is a 10.4% increase [1] Group 3: Breakdown of Loan Growth - Residential loans increased by 161.2 million marks (1.1% growth), while loans to non-financial public enterprises rose by 17.1 million marks (2.4% growth) [1] - Government agency loans increased by 58 million marks (4.5% growth), whereas private enterprise loans decreased by 8.8 million marks (0.1% decline) [1] - Other domestic sector loans saw a decrease of 1 million marks (0.3% decline) [1] Group 4: Annual Loan Growth - Residential loans increased by 1.48 billion marks (11.6% growth), while private enterprise loans grew by 777.2 million marks (7.4% growth) [1] - Government agency loans rose by 90.4 million marks (7.2% growth), and non-financial public enterprise loans surged by 184.1 million marks (33% growth) [1] - Other domestic sector loans increased by 116.2 million marks (43% growth) [1]

肯《首都调频》12月10日报道，肯央行行长卡毛·图格在2025年最后一次货币 政策委员会(MPC)会议上表示，截至12月8日，外汇储备达120亿美元，相当于 5.3个月的进口额。多元化的资金流入，包括出口、侨汇和以外币计价的债务收 益，增加了外汇储备，这些储备能够为进口提供足够的保障，并缓解短期冲 击。货币政策委员会强调，央行将继续密切监测外部状况，以确保外汇储备充 足，满足进口需求，并保护经济免受短期压力。 （原标题：肯外汇储备增至120亿美元） ...

Core Insights - The seminar titled "Solutions for Achieving High and Sustainable Export Growth" was held by the Import-Export Department of Vietnam's Ministry of Industry and Trade, focusing on evaluating export performance and challenges for 2025 [1] - Vietnam's export value reached $430.2 billion in the first 11 months of 2025, marking a 16.1% year-on-year increase, with expectations for the full year to exceed $470 billion, also reflecting a 16% growth [1] - The period from 2020 to 2025 is identified as a significant breakthrough for Vietnam's import-export activities, with an average annual export growth rate of approximately 10% [1] Group 1 - Vietnam ranked among the world's top 20 export economies in 2023 and has maintained a trade surplus for 10 consecutive years since 2016, contributing to exchange rate stability and strengthening foreign exchange reserves [1] - Challenges include slow global economic recovery, geopolitical conflicts, trade fragmentation, and rising protectionism, which pose risks to sustainable development and traditional industry growth [1] - Increasingly stringent requirements for sustainability, energy efficiency, traceability, and "greening" of supply chains are putting significant pressure on export enterprises, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises [1] Group 2 - Participants agreed on the need to enhance the effectiveness of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), support businesses in complying with origin rules and technical standards [2] - There is a call for improving institutional frameworks, developing logistics infrastructure, and promoting green and digital transformations to enhance business competitiveness [2]

据摩洛哥360网站12月15日报道，Marsa Maroc与西班牙Boluda集团宣布达 成战略协议，Marsa Maroc旗下全资国际物流公司（MMIL）将以8000万欧元收 购Boluda码头公司45%的股权。此次收购旨在加强摩洛哥-西班牙海运走廊这一 关键通道，并利用双方在码头管理与综合物流上的专长，为开拓国际（尤其是 非洲）市场创造机遇。 （原标题：Marsa Maroc收购西班牙Boluda码头公司45%股权） Boluda码头公司在伊比利亚半岛至加那利群岛之间运营着九个码头，分别 位于拉斯帕尔马斯、特内里费、加的斯、桑坦德和塞维利亚等地，2024年集装 箱吞吐量超100万标准箱。其背后的Boluda航运公司旗下拥有连接欧洲、非洲 岛屿及西非沿岸的11条航线网络。通过此次收购，Marsa Maroc的全球业务网 络扩增至20个港口、35个码头。 ...