Investment Rating - The report maintains an investment recommendation for the controllable nuclear fusion sector, indicating a positive outlook for future developments in this area [1]. Core Insights - The report emphasizes that controllable nuclear fusion is seen as a potential ultimate energy solution, with significant advancements expected in the coming years as the industry transitions from experimental to engineering phases [4][14]. - Domestic projects are progressing beyond expectations, with increased capital investment from various sectors, indicating a robust growth trajectory for the industry [18][22]. - Internationally, countries like the United States are accelerating their nuclear fusion initiatives, which could further enhance the global market for fusion energy [23][24]. Summary by Sections 1. Controllable Nuclear Fusion: A Frontier Technology - Controllable nuclear fusion is highlighted as a solution to energy challenges, with abundant fuel reserves and sustainability potential [14][15]. - The report outlines the four key stages of nuclear fusion development: scientific feasibility verification, engineering feasibility verification, demonstration reactors, and commercial application reactors [27][30]. 2. Investment Opportunities - The report forecasts a capital expenditure exceeding 145.5 billion yuan in the next 3-5 years, with annual investments potentially reaching close to 10 billion yuan [6][45]. - Key components of the nuclear fusion technology, such as magnets, vacuum chambers, and power systems, are identified as high-value segments within the industry [7][49]. 3. Industry Chain Analysis - The industry chain is segmented into upstream strategic materials, midstream high-end manufacturing, and downstream operational management [8]. - Specific companies are recommended for investment, including China Nuclear Power, Lianchuang Optoelectronics, and Sihua Electronics, which are involved in various aspects of nuclear fusion technology [8][46]. 4. Key Company Introductions - China Nuclear Power is noted for its investment in China Fusion Energy Company, positioning itself for long-term growth in the nuclear sector [8]. - Lianchuang Optoelectronics is recognized for its advancements in high-temperature superconducting magnets and participation in significant projects like the Spark-1 [8]. - Sihua Electronics is highlighted for its successful bids in key projects, indicating strong market positioning in the nuclear fusion space [8].

Investment Rating - The report indicates a positive outlook for the controlled nuclear fusion industry, suggesting that companies with leading technologies and core component supply capabilities are likely to benefit first as fusion devices are deployed [3]. Core Insights - Controlled nuclear fusion is viewed as a clean, safe, and sustainable ultimate energy source, with significant potential for large-scale commercialization in the future [4][8]. - The report highlights the importance of the Lawson criterion and the Q factor in achieving sustainable fusion reactions, emphasizing that meeting these conditions is crucial for commercialization [17][18]. - The global landscape for fusion energy is rapidly evolving, with multiple countries, including the US, UK, Germany, and Russia, actively pursuing fusion power projects expected to come online in the 2030s [34][36]. Summary by Sections 1. Development Window for Controlled Nuclear Fusion - The report notes that the domestic and international fusion energy sector is entering a critical development phase, with significant projects underway [5][34]. - Key projects include the Hefei BEST project in China, which aims to be the world's first to conduct steady-state deuterium-tritium combustion by 2027 [52]. 2. What is Controlled Nuclear Fusion? - Controlled nuclear fusion is characterized by high energy release efficiency, safety, abundant fuel sources, and minimal environmental pollution [4][8]. - The primary fuels for fusion are deuterium and tritium, with deuterium being readily available from water and tritium produced through lithium reactions [8][11]. 3. Technical Pathways for Controlled Nuclear Fusion - Magnetic confinement is identified as the most effective method for achieving fusion energy, with the Tokamak design being the most widely researched and developed [18][19]. - The report discusses advancements in high-temperature superconductors and AI technology that enhance plasma control and reduce the size and cost of fusion devices [26][27]. 4. Progress in Controlled Nuclear Fusion - The report outlines significant international efforts, including the ITER project, which aims to demonstrate the feasibility of fusion energy by achieving a Q factor greater than 10 [38][43]. - Various countries are ramping up investments in fusion energy, with the US planning to build the world's first fusion power plant by 2028 [34][35]. 5. Beneficiary Companies - The report identifies several companies poised to benefit from the growth of the fusion energy sector, including those involved in magnet systems, high-temperature superconductors, vacuum chambers, and other supporting technologies [3].

Investment Rating - The report assigns an "Outperform" rating to the nuclear fusion industry [1] Core Insights - China's nuclear fusion technology has developed over 60 years, establishing a theoretical and engineering foundation for next-generation energy [1] - The report highlights significant advancements in nuclear fusion technology, with many countries accelerating their development strategies, particularly in the U.S. with Tokamak and linear devices [3] - The investment in China's nuclear fusion sector is expected to be sustainable, benefiting the related industrial chain [1][3] Summary by Sections Industry Overview - The nuclear fusion industry is transitioning from a "0 to 1" phase, with key components such as magnets, power supplies, and vacuum switches presenting investment opportunities [3][29] - The report emphasizes the importance of the ITER project in enhancing China's theoretical knowledge and equipment manufacturing capabilities [3][21] Technological Advancements - Breakthroughs in key technologies, including superconducting magnets and tritium processing, have resolved engineering obstacles in nuclear fusion devices [3][21] - The report notes that the U.S. aims to demonstrate nuclear fusion by 2030 and commercialize it by 2040, while China is expected to see significant project launches in the next 2-3 years [3][29] Policy and Government Support - The Chinese government has identified nuclear fusion as a key focus for future energy development, with various local governments actively supporting foundational research and equipment manufacturing [3][31] - The report outlines that the 14th Five-Year Plan emphasizes the importance of nuclear fusion, hydrogen energy, and biomass as future energy sources [3][29] Investment Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on companies involved in core components of the nuclear fusion industry, such as Western Superconducting, Lianchuang Optoelectronics, and Antai Technology [3][29] - It suggests that the nuclear fusion sector is poised for accelerated investment during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [3][29]

Core Viewpoint - China's investment in controllable nuclear fusion projects has reached a total scale of 136.2 billion yuan, with the next 3-5 years being a critical bidding window for infrastructure construction [1][7]. Group 1: Investment Background - As of July 22, 2025, China Nuclear Power (601985.SH) announced a planned investment of 1 billion yuan to acquire a 6.65% stake in China Fusion Energy Co., marking an acceleration in the commercialization of nuclear fusion in China [4][7]. - Zhejiang Energy Power (600023.SH) also announced an investment of 751 million yuan for a 5% stake in the same company, further indicating the momentum in the nuclear fusion sector [4][13]. - Currently, there are 14 major controllable nuclear fusion projects under construction in China, with a total investment scale of 136.2 billion yuan [1][7]. Group 2: Key Participants - China Nuclear Power is a core participant, investing 1 billion yuan and holding a 6.65% stake in China Fusion Energy Co., which is under the China National Nuclear Corporation [11][12]. - Zhejiang Energy Power, as a traditional power enterprise, is leveraging its background to promote the commercialization of fusion technology through its 751 million yuan investment [14]. - West Superconducting Technologies (688122) is the only domestic supplier of low-temperature superconducting wire for the ITER project, breaking international monopolies in this technology [15][16]. Group 3: Strategic Significance - The investments by state-owned enterprises respond to national strategic requirements for future industries and aim to solidify their core positions in the nuclear fusion sector [12][14]. - The focus on nuclear fusion aligns with the country's energy transition goals, emphasizing the importance of clean energy development [14].

证券代码：600990 证券简称：四创电子 公告编号：临 2025-019 四创电子股份有限公司 关于 2021 年限制性股票激励计划 部分股票回购注销实施公告 本公司董事会及全体董事保证本公告内容不存在任何虚假记载、误导性陈述或者重大遗 漏，并对其内容的真实性、准确性和完整性承担法律责任。 重要内容提示： 回购注销原因：因首次和预留授予激励对象中 17 名激励对象已离职、退 休，拟回购注销其已获授但尚未解除限售的限制性股票 213,105 股；因 2024 年度业绩水平未达到业绩考核目标条件，拟回购注销 316 名激励对象对应的 已获授但尚未解除限售的限制性股票 2,001,645 股。 本次注销股份的有关情况 | 回购股份数量 | | 注销股份数量 | | | 注销日期 | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2,214,750 | 股 | 2,214,750 | 股 | 2025 | 年 7 28 | 月 | 日 | 一、本次限制性股票回购注销的决策与信息披露 2025 年 4 月 28 日，四创电子股份有限公司（以下简称"公司 ...

安徽天禾律师事务所 关于四创电子股份有限公司 2021 年限制性股票激励计划 第二个解除限售期条件未成就 暨回购注销部分限制性股票 之法律意见书 地址：中国合肥濉溪路 278 号财富广场 B 座东 16 楼 电话：（0551）62642792 传真：（0551）62620450 法律意见书 安徽天禾律师事务所 关于四创电子股份有限公司 2021 年限制性股票激励计划 第二个解除限售期条件未成就 暨回购注销部分限制性股票 之法律意见书 天律意 2025 第 01009 号 致：四创电子股份有限公司 安徽天禾律师事务所（以下简称"本所"）接受四创电子股份有限公司（以 下简称"四创电子"或"公司"）的委托，担任长期股权激励计划暨首期实施方 案（以下简称"本激励计划"）的专项法律顾问。本所律师根据《中华人民共和 国公司法》（以下简称"《公司法》"）《中华人民共和国证券法》（以下简称 "《证券法》"）《上市公司股权激励管理办法》（以下简称"《管理办法》"） 《国有控股上市公司（境内）实施股权激励试行办法》（以下简称"《试行办法》"） 《中央企业控股上市公司实施股权激励工作指引》（以下简称"《工作指引》"） 等有关法律、 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the electrical equipment industry [10]. Core Insights - Recent advancements in nuclear fusion technology have garnered significant attention from the capital markets, driven by breakthroughs such as China's "East Super Ring" achieving high-confinement plasma operation and substantial increases in industry capital expenditures [4][7]. - Major countries have introduced supportive policies, leading to a surge in social capital inflow, indicating that the nuclear fusion sector is approaching a pivotal point [4][30]. - The value proportion of power supply equipment is high, with significant technical barriers, particularly in magnet power supply parameters and converters being core devices [4][8]. Summary by Sections Nuclear Fusion Progress and Commercialization - The nuclear fusion sector is witnessing positive developments, with commercial viability becoming increasingly attainable. Key milestones include the successful operation of high-confinement plasma and increased capital expenditures in the industry [7][26]. - The plasma physics research institutes have reported a significant year-on-year increase in contract amounts since 2024, indicating a robust growth trajectory [29]. Importance of Power Supply in Fusion - Achieving a certain threshold in fusion triple product is crucial for effective power output, highlighting the importance of providing sufficient energy input [8]. - The power supply for tokamak devices is categorized into pulsed and steady-state loads, with pulsed loads having higher value proportions and technical requirements [8]. Competitive Landscape and Early Mover Advantage - The nuclear fusion development is still exploratory, with no unified standards for power supply parameters, creating high technical barriers [9]. - Companies that have been deeply involved in this field for years are likely to benefit from their early mover advantages as more capital flows into the nuclear fusion sector [9][30]. Investment Trends and Policy Support - The investment in nuclear fusion has seen a turning point since 2020, with the U.S. leading globally, followed closely by China. The cumulative investment in private fusion companies has surged from €1.5 billion to €9.9 billion [35]. - Various countries, including the U.S., Germany, the U.K., and China, have launched initiatives to support nuclear fusion technology development, reflecting a global commitment to advancing this field [30][31]. Focus on High-Value Equipment - The report emphasizes the need to focus on high-value equipment in the nuclear fusion sector, particularly in the context of the ITER project, where core equipment constitutes a significant portion of the investment cost structure [47][48].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a positive outlook on the controllable nuclear fusion industry, particularly during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, suggesting a focus on the expansion of capital expenditures and the associated opportunities in the power supply systems for FRC and Z-pinch devices [2]. Core Insights - The power supply is deemed the "lifeline" of controllable nuclear fusion devices, with a significant value contribution. The report highlights that the power supply systems for nuclear fusion devices require high capacity (around 100MW), high voltage (up to 1MV), and high current (up to 100kA), with low ripple (1%-2%), indicating a higher complexity compared to traditional industrial power supplies [4][18]. - The report emphasizes the expected release of multiple orders due to the expansion of capital expenditures in the controllable nuclear fusion sector, driven by the construction of Tokamak and Z-pinch devices, as well as the commercial development of FRC devices [4][21]. Summary by Sections Section 1: Power Supply as the Lifeline of Controllable Nuclear Fusion Devices - The report categorizes nuclear fusion technology into magnetic confinement, inertial confinement, and magneto-inertial confinement, with Tokamak being the mainstream approach [12][14]. - The power supply system is identified as a core component of nuclear fusion devices, with a high value contribution, particularly in Tokamak systems where the power supply accounts for approximately 15% of the total value [18][23]. Section 2: Tokamak Requires Long Pulse Operation, Core is Pulse Power Supply - The Tokamak pulse power supply consists of magnet power supply, auxiliary heating power supply, and reactive power compensation systems, which are critical for plasma formation and maintenance [27]. - The report details the technical requirements for the magnet power supply, including high current, low ripple, and fast response times, indicating significant technical barriers [30][37]. Section 3: High Value Contribution of FRC and Z-Pinch Power Supply, Focus on Core Components - The FRC device is noted for its simplicity and lower costs, with expectations for early commercialization, while the Z-pinch approach has a high value contribution from its driver components [4][21]. - The report highlights the importance of fast control switches and pulse capacitors in the power supply for both FRC and Z-pinch devices, indicating a growing market opportunity [4][21]. Section 4: Investment Recommendations - Specific companies are highlighted for their potential in the nuclear fusion power supply market, including Xuguang Electronics, Wangzi New Materials, Guoli Co., and others, which are positioned to benefit from the expanding demand in this sector [4][22].

Core Viewpoint - The performance of low-altitude economy companies in the first half of 2025 shows mixed results, with 12 companies reporting profits and 12 companies experiencing losses [3][5]. Group 1: Performance Overview - As of July 14, 2025, 24 companies in the low-altitude economy index disclosed their performance forecasts, revealing a split between profitable and loss-making entities [3]. - Among the 24 companies, 12 reported profits while the other 12 faced losses [3]. - Four companies are expected to see profit increases of over 50%: Zongshen Power (001696.SZ), Longxin General (603766.SH), Huijia Times (603101.SH), and Changyuan Donggu (603950.SH) [6]. Group 2: Profit and Loss Analysis - Companies such as Aerospace Development (000547.SZ) and Aerospace Rainbow (002389.SZ) reported losses, with the latter citing delays in delivery due to user demand plans [8]. - Aerospace Power (600893.SH) and Aerospace Electric (002025.SZ) achieved profitability but saw a decline in net profit compared to the previous year [6]. - North Navigation (600435.SH) turned a profit, expecting a net profit of 105 million to 120 million yuan in the first half of 2025 [7]. Group 3: Industry Challenges - Many companies in the low-altitude economy sector, particularly those in the aviation industry and low-altitude mainframe manufacturers, reported losses [5][8]. - The losses were attributed to various factors, including market environment impacts, product transformation challenges, and increased operational costs [9]. - Despite ongoing losses, some companies like Chuan University Zhisheng (002253.SZ) are actively pursuing low-altitude economy projects, indicating a commitment to future growth [9].

[Performance Forecast and Period-on-Period Comparison](index=1&type=section&id=I.%20Current%20Period%20Performance%20Forecast%20%26%20II.%20Prior%20Period%20Operating%20Performance%20and%20Financial%20Status) The company expects a slight year-on-year increase in net loss attributable to shareholders for H1 2025, projected to be between RMB 40 million and RMB 50 million; however, core operating loss, excluding non-recurring items, is expected to narrow Key Financial Metrics Comparison | Metric (RMB) | H1 2025 (Estimated) | H1 2024 (Prior Period) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Net Profit Attributable to Shareholders of Listed Company | -RMB 40 million to -RMB 50 million | -RMB 38.9539 million | | Net Profit Excluding Non-Recurring Gains/Losses | -RMB 42 million to -RMB 53 million | -RMB 58.5733 million | [Analysis of Performance Pre-Loss Reasons](index=1&type=section&id=III.%20Main%20Reasons%20for%20Current%20Period%20Performance%20Pre-Loss) The core reason for the current period's pre-loss is insufficient operating revenue to cover costs and the absence of a significant non-recurring gain from property disposal compared to the prior period - Although the company's operating revenue slightly increased, its scale has not yet reached the breakeven point, which is the primary operational reason for the sustained losses[6](index=6&type=chunk) - Compared to the prior period, the current period lacked **RMB 12.9385 million** in non-recurring gains/losses from the disposal of a subsidiary's property, which negatively impacted the year-on-year performance of net profit attributable to shareholders[6](index=6&type=chunk)[7](index=7&type=chunk) [Risk Warning and Other Explanations](index=2&type=section&id=IV.%20Risk%20Warning%20%26%20V.%20Other%20Explanations) The company confirms no other significant uncertainties affect the accuracy of this performance forecast and advises investors that final financial data will be based on the officially released 2025 semi-annual report - The company confirms there are no other significant uncertainties that could affect the accuracy of this performance forecast content[8](index=8&type=chunk) - The data in this announcement is a preliminary calculation result; the final accurate data will be subject to the company's officially disclosed 2025 semi-annual report, reminding investors to be aware of investment risks[9](index=9&type=chunk)