Core Viewpoint - Major banks in China have decided to abolish their supervisory boards, transferring their functions to the audit committee of the board of directors, which is seen as a move to optimize corporate governance and reduce costs [7][8][9] Group 1: Decision and Implementation - The five major banks have announced that they will no longer establish supervisory boards, a decision approved at the 2024 annual general meeting held on June 27, 2025, and recently sanctioned by the National Financial Regulatory Administration [7] - Postal Savings Bank has also proposed to abolish its supervisory board and related committees, with the audit committee of the board taking over these responsibilities, pending shareholder approval [8] Group 2: Rationale and Expert Opinions - Industry experts suggest that the functions of supervisory boards overlap with those of the audit committee, particularly the independent directors, making the abolition a strategic choice to enhance governance flexibility and efficiency [8] - The decision to eliminate supervisory boards is viewed as a way to maintain effective corporate governance while lowering governance costs, according to a leading expert from the Shanghai Financial and Development Laboratory [8] Group 3: Regulatory Framework - The revised Company Law allows companies to establish audit committees within the board of directors to perform the functions of supervisory boards, a change that has been recognized by the National Financial Regulatory Administration [9] - Besides the six major banks, several other national joint-stock banks and local commercial banks have also announced the abolition of their supervisory boards [9]

Core Insights - Digital technologies, represented by big data and artificial intelligence, are profoundly reshaping the financial industry [1][2] - The collaboration between banks and insurance companies is evolving from simple product sales to comprehensive strategic cooperation across various sectors [1][2] Group 1: Trends in Bank-Insurance Cooperation - The current trends in bank-insurance cooperation include the establishment of a sales channel dominated by bank-insurance partnerships, an increase in complex insurance products, a greater role for ecological services, and the empowerment of operations through digital technology [1] - Financial institutions are facing significant challenges due to the mismatch between asset returns and liability costs in a low-interest-rate environment, but advancements in AI and growing demand for retirement services are creating new growth opportunities [1][2] Group 2: Institutional Responses and Strategies - Financial institutions are actively promoting deep integration between banking and insurance sectors, with examples from major banks like China Construction Bank and Shanghai Pudong Development Bank showcasing their innovative practices [2] - The emphasis is on transforming from selling products to providing services, enhancing asset-liability management capabilities, and improving service efficiency and customer experience through digital means [2]

Core Insights - The article highlights the efforts of the Construction Bank's Yancheng branch in promoting green finance and supporting the local economy through innovative financial products and services aimed at ecological and industrial development [7][14]. Group 1: Green Finance Initiatives - The Yancheng branch of Construction Bank has achieved a green loan balance of nearly 50 billion yuan, with a growth of over 20% since the beginning of the year [7]. - The bank has launched various specialized financial products such as "Environmental Loan," "Hazardous Waste Loan," and "Carbon Finance" to address the diverse financing needs of green industries [9]. - A total of 1.029 billion yuan has been allocated to "Environmental Loans" for projects related to wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal [9]. Group 2: Support for Marine Economy - The bank has introduced the "Su Nong Dan·Fishing Boat Loan" to alleviate financing difficulties faced by fishermen, successfully issuing the first loan of 2 million yuan in December 2023 [10]. - A significant investment of over 10 billion yuan has been made in a 1 million kilowatt offshore wind power project, with a rapid loan approval process completed in just four working days [10]. Group 3: Customized Financial Services - The bank has established a professional team to provide tailored financial solutions for key projects in Yancheng, including a hydrogen energy technology company's green hydrogen project [11]. - A comprehensive financial service solution has been developed for the Yancheng Port Group, enhancing its operational capabilities and supporting its strategic goals [12]. Group 4: Digital Transformation and ESG Commitment - The bank has launched a digital platform for green finance management, enhancing the efficiency and precision of green credit services [13]. - A robust ESG risk management system has been implemented, integrating environmental, social, and governance considerations into the entire lending process [13]. Group 5: Future Outlook - The bank aims to continue its commitment to ecological priority and green development, focusing on product innovation and service upgrades to support Yancheng's transformation into a green low-carbon development demonstration zone [14].

I. Report Industry Investment Rating No information about the report industry investment rating is provided in the given content. II. Core View of the Report The report provides a weekly data tracking of secondary capital bonds from September 22 to September 26, 2025, covering primary market issuance, secondary market trading, and valuation deviation of individual bonds [1][2][3]. III. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. Primary Market Issuance - There were no new issuances of secondary capital bonds in the inter - bank market and the exchange market during the week from September 22 to September 26, 2025 [1]. 2. Secondary Market Trading - **Trading Volume**: The total weekly trading volume of secondary capital bonds was approximately 229.9 billion yuan, an increase of 52.1 billion yuan compared to the previous week. The top three bonds in terms of trading volume were 25 Agricultural Bank of China Secondary Capital Bond 03B(BC) (54.049 billion yuan), 25 Agricultural Bank of China Secondary Capital Bond 03A(BC) (16.307 billion yuan), and 25 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Secondary Capital Bond 01BC (7.88 billion yuan) [2]. - **Trading Volume by Region**: The top three regions in terms of trading volume were Beijing, Shanghai, and Fujian, with trading volumes of approximately 189 billion yuan, 12.7 billion yuan, and 7.9 billion yuan respectively [2]. - **Yield to Maturity**: As of September 26, the yield to maturity of 5Y secondary capital bonds with ratings of AAA -, AA +, and AA increased by 17.93BP, 17.31BP, and 16.31BP respectively compared to the previous week; for 7Y secondary capital bonds, the increases were 18.31BP, 18.26BP, and 18.26BP respectively; for 10Y secondary capital bonds, the increases were 16.19BP, 16.82BP, and 16.82BP respectively [2][10]. 3. Valuation Deviation of Top 30 Individual Bonds - **Overall Situation**: The overall valuation deviation of the weekly average trading price of secondary capital bonds was not significant during the week from September 22 to September 26, 2025. The proportion of discount transactions was less than that of premium transactions, and the discount range was smaller than the premium range [3]. - **Discount Bonds**: The top three bonds with the highest discount rates were 17 Fushun Bank Secondary (- 0.3988%), 21 Deqing Rural Commercial Bank Secondary (- 0.3851%), and 22 Yongcheng Rural Commercial Bank Secondary (- 0.3606%). The Zhongzheng implicit ratings were mainly AAA -, AA +, and AA, and the bonds were mostly distributed in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangdong [3][12]. - **Premium Bonds**: The top three bonds with the highest premium rates were 24 China Construction Bank Secondary Capital Bond 02B (1.2298%), 24 Guangfa Bank Secondary Capital Bond 01 (0.8398%), and 23 China Construction Bank Secondary Capital Bond 02B (0.8050%). The Zhongzheng implicit ratings were mainly AAA -, AA +, and AA -, and the bonds were mostly distributed in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangdong [3][13].

Core Viewpoint - China Construction Bank Shenzhen Branch (Shenzhen CCB) actively launched a "Financial Education Promotion Week" to enhance financial literacy and risk prevention among citizens, aligning with the Shenzhen Financial Regulatory Bureau's 2025 plan [1][10]. Group 1: Multi-Dimensional Education - Shenzhen CCB is implementing a comprehensive financial education initiative through various channels, including both online and offline platforms, to embody the "Finance for the People" concept [3]. - The bank has established public education areas in its branches, utilizing digital displays and interactive tools to promote consumer rights protection [3]. - The bank's staff, acting as financial knowledge educators, distribute anti-fraud materials and explain the latest scams and financial policies to customers [3][4]. Group 2: Targeted Outreach - To improve public financial literacy, Shenzhen CCB formed a "Financial Youth Volunteer" team to deliver financial knowledge directly to communities [6]. - The bank conducts outreach in residential areas, providing educational sessions and interactive activities to enhance residents' awareness of fraud prevention [6]. - Special attention is given to vulnerable groups, such as the elderly, through tailored educational programs in senior care facilities [6]. Group 3: Diverse Activities - Shenzhen CCB organizes various themed activities targeting different demographics, including anti-counterfeit currency campaigns in schools and financial literacy workshops for young people [9]. - The bank has expanded its services to include community support initiatives, such as free haircuts and financial knowledge salons, to foster a supportive environment [9]. - The bank emphasizes compliance and integrity through training programs for employees, reinforcing the importance of ethical practices in financial services [9]. Group 4: Overall Impact - The "Financial Education Promotion Week" successfully integrates financial knowledge into various community settings, enhancing citizens' awareness and ability to prevent financial risks [10]. - The initiative showcases the bank's commitment to consumer rights protection and contributes to building a harmonious financial environment [10].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of financial education and consumer protection, highlighting the initiatives taken by China Construction Bank's Shenzhen branch to enhance public financial literacy and risk prevention capabilities through a comprehensive "Financial Education Promotion Week" [2][11]. Group 1: Multi-Dimensional Education - Shenzhen Construction Bank is implementing a comprehensive financial education campaign that covers both online and offline platforms, embodying the principle of "finance for the people" [4]. - The bank has established public education zones in its branches, utilizing various media such as LCD screens and smart teller machines to promote consumer rights protection [4]. - Interactive and immersive educational activities are being conducted, including the use of a 3D digital exhibition hall and dynamic posters in transportation hubs to convey the message of safeguarding financial rights [4][5]. Group 2: Targeted Outreach - To enhance public financial literacy, Shenzhen Construction Bank has formed a "Financial Youth Volunteer" team to deliver financial knowledge and anti-fraud education directly to communities [7]. - The bank is actively engaging with vulnerable groups, such as the elderly, by conducting workshops and interactive sessions to improve their awareness and ability to prevent fraud [8]. - The bank is also reaching out to corporate employees, educating them on money laundering risks and the legal consequences of high-risk financial behaviors [8]. Group 3: Diverse Activities Focused on Different Demographics - The bank is conducting specialized activities in schools to promote financial literacy among students and staff, including anti-counterfeiting campaigns and financial education workshops [10]. - Shenzhen Construction Bank is expanding its services to include community support initiatives, such as free haircuts and financial knowledge salons, to enhance its service offerings [10]. - A compliance training program is being implemented to strengthen the bank's internal culture of honesty and integrity, ensuring that all employees are well-versed in financial regulations and customer service [10]. Group 4: Consumer Protection in Emerging Markets - The article discusses the rise of the blind box economy and its associated risks, urging consumers to set spending limits and choose secure payment methods to protect their financial and personal information [11]. - The overarching theme of the "Financial Education Promotion Week" is to safeguard financial rights and contribute to a harmonious financial environment, ultimately supporting the public's quality of life [11].

Group 1 - The event "Digital Silk Road" was officially launched in Zhengzhou, focusing on providing overseas expansion solutions for Henan enterprises [1] - The event is part of the 2025 CCB Cross-Border Matching Festival and the 15th China Henan International Investment and Trade Fair, with over 100 enterprises in attendance [1] - Various stakeholders, including government and financial institutions, participated in discussions to support enterprises in exploring international markets [1] Group 2 - CCB Henan Branch announced ten measures to support "stabilizing foreign trade and foreign investment," offering comprehensive services including cross-border settlement and supply chain financing [2] - The event featured interactive negotiation sessions, facilitating face-to-face discussions between domestic and foreign enterprises, leading to multiple cooperation intentions [2] - CCB has organized over 440 cross-border matching events for more than 27,000 enterprises across 61 countries and regions, helping businesses expand into new markets and secure new orders [2]

Core Viewpoint - The bond market is experiencing intense fluctuations, contrasting with the anticipated bull market in 2024, leading to increased investment difficulties for banks in 2023 [1][5]. Group 1: Market Conditions - The bond market is currently in a wide-ranging oscillation phase, with the ten-year government bond yield fluctuating within a range close to 40 basis points [1]. - After the implementation of the new tax regulations on government bond interest, the trading volume of existing bonds has seen a decline [3]. - In August, the total trading volume of bonds by major banks decreased to approximately 14.8 trillion yuan, down from 16.49 trillion yuan in July [4]. Group 2: Bank Performance and Strategies - In the first half of 2023, over 80% of A-share listed banks reported positive growth in investment income, with an average increase exceeding 45% [2][8]. - The investment income of listed banks in the first quarter and the first half of 2023 grew by 26.1% and 23.6% year-on-year, respectively [7]. - Major banks, including Construction Bank and Postal Savings Bank, saw significant increases in their investment income, with Construction Bank achieving a 200% year-on-year growth [10]. Group 3: Challenges and Adjustments - The investment difficulties have led to a negative growth in non-interest income for many banks, attributed to the divergence in market interest rates [6]. - The limited floating profit space and the need for strategic adjustments in bond trading have become apparent, with banks shifting focus to more flexible and diversified asset-liability strategies [13][14]. - The second quarter showed signs of reduced "debt selling" efforts, indicating a tightening of floating profit inventory among banks [11].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information about the report industry investment rating is provided in the given content. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - External environment factors such as interest rate fluctuations, bond supply - demand, and policy orientation jointly impact bond investment returns. In H1 2025, the bond investment of 42 listed banks showed certain characteristics in scale, structure, and profit and loss, but there are still challenges in maintaining stable returns in the future [1]. - The overall bond investment scale of 42 listed banks expanded steadily in H1 2025. There were differences in the investment structure among different types of banks, with state - owned banks and city commercial banks having stable growth in the bond allocation portfolio, while joint - stock banks and rural commercial banks increased their efforts in the bond trading portfolio. The bond investment portfolio generally presented a pattern of "stable foundation and flexible gain" [1]. - The coupon income of 42 listed banks was generally stable in H1 2025 but showed a slight year - on - year decline. The fair value change loss was significant, and the investment income increased. However, the bond investment of the banking industry still faces pressure to maintain stable returns [1]. 3. Summary According to the Table of Contents 3.1 42 Listed Banks' Bond Investment Volume - **Overall Bond Investment Scale: Steady Expansion**: In H1 2025, the total scale of the three types of bond - type financial assets of 42 listed banks showed a steady expansion trend. The growth of debt investment - type financial assets measured at amortized cost was relatively slow, while the growth of trading financial assets measured at fair value and included in current profits and losses was relatively large, indicating that banks increased the proportion of trading positions [9]. - **Differentiated Bond Investment Distribution Structures among Different Bank Types**: In H1 2025, state - owned banks and city commercial banks showed stable growth in the bond allocation portfolio, which may be related to their participation in the primary - market issuance of important national and regional bond varieties. Joint - stock banks and rural commercial banks slightly weakened their bond allocation power but significantly increased their efforts in the bond trading portfolio, showing a differentiated feature of "stable allocation by large banks and prominent trading flexibility by small and medium - sized banks" [13]. - **Bond Investment Allocation Tilted towards Government - Related Bonds**: In H1 2025, commercial banks increased their allocation of government - related bonds, with an average month - on - month increase of about 10% for state - owned banks, joint - stock banks, and city commercial banks, and a slightly smaller increase for rural commercial banks. The allocation of financial bonds and other bonds was differentiated. All banks held a relatively large scale of government - related bonds, followed by financial bonds and credit - related bonds [18]. - **Correlation between Financial Asset Types and Bond Variety Structures**: The banking industry maintained a stable growth of interest - rate bonds in the bond allocation portfolio and increased the allocation of credit bonds, while the allocation of financial bonds was relatively weak. In the bond trading portfolio, interest - rate bonds and financial bonds were the core varieties, with a more significant increase than credit bonds, showing a "stable foundation and flexible gain" pattern [22]. 3.2 42 Listed Banks' Bond Investment Profit and Loss - **Coupon Income: Generally Stable and Still the Main Source of Income**: In H1 2025, the total coupon income of 42 listed banks decreased slightly year - on - year. Although the scale of held - to - maturity bonds increased, the decline in the coupon rate of newly issued bonds led to a decrease in coupon income. In the future, coupon income is still expected to be the main source of bond investment income for commercial banks [26]. - **Fair Value Change Loss: Losses in the Trading Level**: In H1 2025, the total fair value change loss of 42 listed banks decreased significantly year - on - year, indicating that it was difficult to obtain capital gains through short - term trading in the volatile bond market, and there were floating losses in bond trading [28]. - **Investment Income: Growth in All Bank Types**: In H1 2025, the actual investment income of 42 listed banks in the bond field increased significantly year - on - year. Although the book value appreciation of bond - type trading financial assets and other debt investment - type financial assets was not as good as that of the previous year, banks could still increase their investment income by selling floating - profit old bonds and waiting for the maturity of high - coupon bonds [31]. 3.3 Attribution and Summary - **External Environment Driving Factors: Interest Rate Fluctuations, Bond Supply - Demand, and Policy Orientation Jointly Impact Bond Investment Returns**: In H1 2025, the "more adjustments and fewer opportunities" bond market environment led to a general decline in the prices of existing bonds, resulting in a significant year - on - year decline in the fair value change loss of listed banks' bond investment. The supply of national bonds, local government bonds, and policy - based financial bonds increased, but the coupon rate of newly issued bonds decreased, leading to a decline in coupon income. Regulatory policies indirectly affected bond investment performance [35]. - **Banking Industry's Bond Investment Pressure and Future Outlook** - Overall Income Shows a Positive Trend but There Are Still Hidden Concerns: In H1 2025, the actual bond investment income of 42 listed banks increased slightly year - on - year, but the coupon income faced downward pressure in the interest - rate downward cycle, and it was more difficult to obtain spread income through band trading. Since H2 2025, the "stock - strong and bond - weak" pattern has emerged, and the loss caused by fair value change will be more obvious [3]. - Different Bank Types Show Differentiated Performance, and State - owned Banks' Pressure Is Relatively Controllable: State - owned banks can maintain a certain profit - making ability in the low - interest - rate volatile bond market due to their advantages in bond allocation and trading portfolios. Joint - stock banks, city commercial banks, and rural commercial banks are more vulnerable, and they may increase their capital allocation in the equity market, commodity market, and related structured fixed - income products in the future [3].

A-share Market Valuation - The current PE (TTM) for the A-share market is 17.33, with a historical average of 25.85[7] - The Shanghai Composite Index has a PE (TTM) of 14.08, while the CSI 300 Index stands at 13.30[10] - The growth in earnings per share (EPS) has contributed significantly to the index performance, with the Shanghai Composite Index showing a current value of 16.41%[14] Hong Kong Market Valuation - The Hang Seng Index has a current PE (TTM) of 11.84, with a historical maximum of 22.67[59] - The Hang Seng Technology Index has a PE (TTM) of 23.69, indicating a higher valuation compared to the broader market[63] U.S. Market Valuation - The S&P 500 Index has a current PE (TTM) of 29.36, with a historical maximum of 41.99[82] - The NASDAQ Index shows a PE (TTM) of 42.83, reflecting its growth-oriented nature[90] Sector Valuation Insights - In the A-share market, the food and beverage sector has a low PE, while the technology sector has a high PE, indicating sector-specific valuation disparities[21] - The banking sector in Hong Kong has a current PB (LF) of 1.02, which is relatively low compared to other sectors[71] Key Stock Valuations - Major stocks like Kweichow Moutai and Wuliangye have median PEs of 29.04 and 22.36, respectively, indicating strong market positions[50] - Alibaba's current PE (TTM) is 19.53, reflecting its recovery potential in the market[75]