Group 1 - The A-share market showed a collective rise on August 18, with the brokerage sector rebounding, highlighted by Changcheng Securities achieving a four-day consecutive rise and Xibu Securities increasing over 6% [1] - As of August 15, 33 brokerages reported positive half-year performance, with 21 companies showing net profits exceeding 500 million yuan, led by Guotai Junan, Haitong Securities, and China Galaxy Securities with net profits of 15.62 billion yuan, 6.582 billion yuan, and 5.155 billion yuan respectively [1] - Notable year-on-year profit growth was observed in Huaxi Securities and Guolian Minsheng, with increases of 1189.55% and 1183% respectively, while several other firms also reported over 200% growth [1] Group 2 - The A-share market's activity has significantly increased, with the margin trading balance exceeding 2 trillion yuan as of August 15, indicating a robust trading environment [2] - Huatai Securities noted that the equity market has been steadily rising since the beginning of the year, with continuous improvements in trading volume, margin balance, and issuance of equity products, suggesting a positive outlook for brokerage valuations [2] - The brokerage sector is expected to see improved performance in Q3 due to rising market risk appetite and increasing trading volumes, with potential for additional capital inflow into the sector [3]

东北证券股份有限公司 2025 年面向专业投资者公开发行 次级债券（第四期） 信用评级报告 联合资信评估股份有限公司 评级总监： 二〇二五年八月六日 | - | | --- | | 112 | | = U2 | | i | | - nº 14 | | 服务 | 联合资信评估股份有限公司通过对东北证券股份有限公司及其 拟面向专业投资者公开发行的 2025 年次级债券（第四期）的信用状 况进行综合分析和评估，确定东北证券股份有限公司主体长期信用 等级为 AAA，东北证券股份有限公司 2025 年面向专业投资者公开 发行次级债券（第四期）信用等级为 AA+，评级展望为稳定。 www.lhratings.com 特此公告 1 联合〔2025〕7917 号 声 明 一、本报告是联合资信基于评级方法和评级程序得出的截至发表之日 的独立意见陈述，未受任何机构或个人影响。评级结论及相关分析为联合 资信基于相关信息和资料对评级对象所发表的前瞻性观点，而非对评级对 象的事实陈述或鉴证意见。联合资信有充分理由保证所出具的评级报告遵 循了真实、客观、公正的原则。鉴于信用评级工作特性及受客观条件影响， 本报告在资料信息获取、评级方法与 ...

（住所：长春市生态大街 6666 号） 东北证券股份有限公司 2025 年面向专业投资者公开发行次级债券 （第四期）发行公告 主承销商、簿记管理人、债券受托管理人 （住所：深圳市福田区福田街道金田路 2026 号能源大厦南塔 楼 10-19 层） 签署日期：2025 年 8 月 15 日 本公司及董事会全体成员保证公告内容的真实、准确和完整，对公告的虚 假记载、误导性陈述或者重大遗漏负连带责任。 重要提示 1、东北证券股份有限公司（以下简称"发行人"、"本公司"或"公司"）已 于 2024 年 11 月 29 日获得中国证券监督管理委员会证监许可【2024】1731 号文 注册公开发行面值不超过（含）80 亿元的次级公司债券（以下简称"本次债券"）。 2、本次债券采取分期发行的方式，东北证券股份有限公司 2025 年面向专业 投资者公开发行次级债券（第四期）（以下简称"本期债券"）为本次债券批文项 下第五期发行。本期债券发行规模为不超过人民币 7 亿元（含 7 亿元），每张面 值为人民币 100 元，发行数量为不超过 700 万张，发行价格为 100 元/张。本期 债券简称为"25 东北 C4"，债券代码为" ...

股票简称：东北证券 股票代码：000686 （住所：长春市生态大街 6666 号） 东北证券股份有限公司 2025 年面向专业投资者公开发行次级债券 （第四期）募集说明书摘要 | 发行人 | 东北证券股份有限公司 | | --- | --- | | 本期债券发行金额 | 不超过 7.00 亿元（含） | | 担保情况 | 无担保 | | 主承销商/受托管理人 | 长城证券股份有限公司 | | 信用评级机构 | 联合资信评估股份有限公司 | | 主体信用评级 | AAA | | 本期债券信用评级 | AA+ | 主承销商、债券受托管理人 （住所：深圳市福田区福田街道金田路 2026 号能源大厦南塔 楼 10-19 层） 签署日期： 年 月 日 东北证券股份有限公司 公开发行次级债券募集说明书摘要 声 明 发行人将及时、公平地履行信息披露义务。 发行人及其全体董事、监事、高级管理人员或履行同等职责的人员保证募 集说明书信息披露的真实、准确、完整，不存在虚假记载、误导性陈述或重大 遗漏。 主承销商已对募集说明书及其摘要进行了核查，确认不存在虚假记载、误 导性陈述和重大遗漏，并对其真实性、准确性和完整性承担相应的法律 ...

股票简称：东北证券 股票代码：000686 （住所：长春市生态大街 6666 号） 东北证券股份有限公司 2025 年面向专业投资者公开发行次级债券 （第四期）募集说明书 | 发行人 | 东北证券股份有限公司 | | --- | --- | | 本期债券发行金额 | 不超过 7.00 亿元（含） | | 担保情况 | 无担保 | | 主承销商/受托管理人 | 长城证券股份有限公司 | | 信用评级机构 | 联合资信评估股份有限公司 | | 主体信用评级 | AAA | | 本期债券信用评级 | AA+ | 主承销商、债券受托管理人 楼 10-19 层） 签署日期： 年 月 日 （住所：深圳市福田区福田街道金田路 2026 号能源大厦南塔 东北证券股份有限公司 公开发行次级债券募集说明书 声 明 发行人将及时、公平地履行信息披露义务。 发行人及其全体董事、监事、高级管理人员或履行同等职责的人员保证募 集说明书信息披露的真实、准确、完整，不存在虚假记载、误导性陈述或重大 遗漏。 主承销商已对募集说明书及其摘要进行了核查，确认不存在虚假记载、误 导性陈述和重大遗漏，并对其真实性、准确性和完整性承担相应的法律责任。 ...

Core Insights - The cumulative sales of passenger cars in China from January to June 2025 reached 10.488 million units, representing a year-on-year growth of 8.9%, primarily driven by government subsidy policies that stimulated domestic demand [1] - The market share of fuel vehicles remained stable at 59.0%, while the market share of plug-in hybrid vehicles increased to 28.7%, and pure electric vehicles saw a decline to 12.4%, resulting in an overall new energy penetration rate of 41.0% [1] - The export volume of passenger cars in China for the first half of 2025 was 2.478 million units, a year-on-year increase of 6.8%, with the share of new energy vehicles in exports rising significantly [1] Group 1: Market Performance - In the price range of 50,000 to 200,000 yuan, wholesale sales reached 9.266 million units, a year-on-year increase of 16%, with fuel vehicle market share at 56.1% and pure electric vehicles growing to 26.1%, leading to an overall new energy penetration rate of 44.9% [2] - In the price range of 200,000 to 300,000 yuan, wholesale sales were 1.969 million units, down 1.0%, with fuel vehicle market share at 32.5% and pure electric vehicles at 46.2%, indicating a strong presence of domestic brands [2] - In the price range above 300,000 yuan, wholesale sales were 1.484 million units, down 7.0%, with fuel vehicle market share stable at 59.0% and plug-in hybrids at 28.7%, while pure electric vehicles declined to 12.4% [2] Group 2: Future Outlook - The expansion of policies at the beginning of 2025 is expected to continue supporting domestic demand, with retail sales projected to reach 23.88 million units, a year-on-year growth of 5.0%, and export sales expected to grow by 10% [3] - The new energy retail sales are anticipated to reach 14.33 million units in 2025, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 33.4%, driven by tax incentives for new energy vehicle purchases [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent adjustments in registered capital by brokerage firms' alternative investment subsidiaries, highlighting their role in supporting the real economy and promoting technological innovation and industrial upgrades [1][4]. Group 1: Capital Adjustment - Several brokerage firms have flexibly adjusted the registered capital of their alternative investment subsidiaries this year to meet development needs and optimize resource allocation [2][3]. - Zhongyuan Securities announced a reduction in the registered capital of its subsidiary Zhongzhou Blue Ocean from 2.426 billion to 2.226 billion yuan, with previous adjustments occurring in January and April [2]. - Northeast Securities and Guodu Securities also reported reductions in their alternative subsidiaries' registered capital, indicating a trend among brokerages to enhance capital efficiency [2][3]. Group 2: Service to the Real Economy - Brokerage firms' alternative subsidiaries are actively engaging in alternative investment activities, including direct equity investments and sponsorship projects, thereby playing a significant role in driving technological innovation and supporting national strategies [4]. - These subsidiaries are seen as vital links between capital markets and the real economy, providing targeted financing support to early-stage and growth-stage technology enterprises [4]. - The "sponsorship + follow-up investment" mechanism allows brokerages to offer comprehensive financial services to technology companies, enhancing the synergy between investment banking and investment activities [4]. Group 3: Investment Strategies and Future Plans - Brokerage firms are adopting a "invest early, invest small, invest in hard technology" approach to promote technological innovation and industrial upgrades [5]. - Companies like Industrial Securities and Nanjing Securities are focusing their investments on high-growth sectors such as semiconductors, new energy, and high-end manufacturing, with Nanjing Securities planning to invest 700 million yuan over the next three years [5]. - Several brokerages, including Zhongtai Securities and Nanjing Securities, are planning to increase their investments in alternative subsidiaries, with Zhongtai intending to raise up to 1 billion yuan for alternative investment activities [5].

Core Viewpoint - Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is identified as a key driver for the aviation industry's goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050, expected to contribute 65% of carbon reduction efforts [1] Industry Overview - The global SAF production capacity is significantly lacking, requiring a 60-fold expansion within 25 years to meet a trillion RMB market demand [2] - Current SAF production processes are primarily based on the HEFA route, with 11 SAF production processes certified by ASTM, and HEFA being the only technology currently used for large-scale commercial SAF production [1][3] Policy Environment - Multiple countries, including the EU, UK, and the US, have implemented or are planning to implement mandatory blending policies for SAF, which will drive demand [2] - China is set to launch pilot SAF blending in 2024, indicating a broad future development space for the SAF industry in the country [2] Production and Supply Chain - The upstream raw materials for SAF include waste cooking oils, agricultural and forestry waste, municipal solid waste, and industrial emissions [1] - The production process involves technology licensing and construction phases, with foreign companies currently dominating the technology supply [1][3] - Domestic companies like Jianlong Micro-Nano are focusing on breakthroughs in heterogeneous catalysis for SAF production [1] Economic Factors - The profitability of HEFA-based SAF production is heavily influenced by raw material costs, with companies that can secure raw materials at lower prices likely to enhance their profitability [3] - The G+FT, AtJ, and PtL processes may increase SAF prices in the short term due to high production costs, but PtL has the greatest potential for cost reduction in the long term [3]

Group 1 - The humanoid robot industry is accelerating in commercialization, leading to technological upgrades and market expansion for tactile sensors as core components [1] - As technology matures and costs decrease, it is expected that dexterous electronic skin touchpoints will expand from five fingertips to full coverage of the palm and finger pads [1] - The market for humanoid robot electronic skin is projected to reach 15.5 billion by 2030, with the dexterous electronic skin market accounting for approximately 5 billion [1] - Companies with leading material processes, such as Jinghua New Materials, are recommended for attention [1]

Core Viewpoint - The tea beverage industry is experiencing a rapid chain development, with the clearance of single brands occurring faster than in other sectors, particularly in the affordable tea segment which has a strong ecological advantage and a clear competitive landscape [1][2] Industry Review - The industry saw a peak in operational data in 2023, with a potential harvest year in 2025. The year 2023 experienced a rebound expansion post-reopening, while 2024 is expected to witness intense price wars leading to the accelerated clearance of mid-sized brands and further concentration among leading brands [1] - By Q3 2024, major brands like Heytea announced a reduction in promotional efforts, prompting others like Mixue and Gu Ming to follow suit, with the price war expected to conclude by Q4 2024 [1] Competitive Landscape - The tea beverage sector is characterized by structural competition, with the affordable tea segment exhibiting a strong ecological advantage and a notably clear competitive structure compared to other segments in the food and beverage industry [2] Demand Side - The demand for affordable tea is stable, driven by two main factors: it targets a price-sensitive customer base at the bottom of the demand pyramid, and it has outperformed soft drinks in terms of cost-effectiveness, attracting some of their demand [3] Supply Side - The industry features two business models: the mainstream "industrial model" prevalent in the affordable tea segment and the "agricultural model" in the mid-to-high price segments. The industrial model benefits from high levels of integration across the supply chain, making it easier to achieve a positive feedback loop of scale, cost, and barriers to entry [4] - The affordable tea business model operates as a convenient store for ready-made beverages, offering several advantages over soft drinks and ensuring profitability for franchisees, consumers, and companies alike [4]