Industry Investment Rating - The report does not provide a specific investment rating for the mental health stigma reduction industry, but it highlights the significant global need for funding and implementation of long-term programs to address mental health stigma and discrimination [156][157] Core Report Findings - Stigma and discrimination related to mental health have severe negative impacts on individuals, families, and communities, including reduced access to healthcare, education, and employment opportunities [18][29] - A global survey found that 80% of people with mental health conditions across 45 countries agreed that stigma and discrimination can be worse than the impact of the mental health condition itself [18][29] - Interventions based on social contact, whether in-person, virtual, or indirect, are the most effective ways to reduce stigma worldwide, especially when adapted to different cultural contexts [18][23] - Long-term programs are necessary for sustainable stigma reduction, and their impact should be assessed through baseline and periodic evaluations [24][26] Summary by Section Executive Summary - Stigma and discrimination violate basic human rights and exacerbate marginalization, reducing access to healthcare and diminishing educational and employment opportunities [18] - The report synthesizes over 260 systematic reviews on stigma reduction and emphasizes the effectiveness of social contact-based interventions [18][23] Importance of Stigma and Discrimination in Mental Health - Stigma and discrimination lead to social exclusion, loss of property, inheritance, and voting rights, and poor-quality healthcare for mental and physical health conditions [29] - These barriers contravene basic human rights and are prevalent across all countries and cultures [29] Defining Stigma and Discrimination - Stigma is defined as a deeply discrediting attribute that reduces a person's value, while discrimination is the unfair treatment of individuals based on specific characteristics [32] - Stigma can be categorized into public stigma, self-stigma, family stigma, and structural stigma [33][34][35][37][38] Evidence on Reducing Mental Health Stigma and Discrimination - Social contact interventions, particularly those involving people with lived experience, are the most effective in reducing stigma [23][110] - Structural stigma can be reduced through policies, community-based treatment, and public education programs [42][43] - Cost-effectiveness studies suggest that stigma reduction programs can yield significant economic benefits, such as increased employment and reduced healthcare costs [125] Case Studies of National-Level Anti-Stigma Programs - Programs like Time to Change (England), Nōku te Ao (New Zealand), and batyr (Australia) have demonstrated significant improvements in public attitudes, mental health knowledge, and reductions in discrimination [131][133][135] - These programs often involve social contact, lived experience champions, and social marketing campaigns, with long-term sustainability being a key factor for success [129][131] Conclusions and Recommendations - The report recommends creating long-term, culturally adapted programs to reduce stigma, with a focus on social contact as the central component [156][157] - Specific target audiences and outcomes should be identified, and programs should involve cross-sectoral support from industries, sports, media, and education [157]

Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized The impact of the implementation of EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism on North Macedonia Policy Note Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized September 2024 Contents Acknowledgments | --- | --- | |-------------------------------------------------------------|-------| | | | | | | | Executive Summary. | | | Policy Context | | | Summary of the CBAM Regulation . | | | The implications of the CBAM Regulation in North Macedonia. | | ...

DATA FOR BETTER GOVERNANCE | --- | --- | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------| | | | | BUILDING GOVERNMENT ANALYTICS ECOSYSTEMS IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN Juan Francisco Santini, Flavia Sacco Capurro, Daniel Rogger, Timothy Lundy, Galileu Kim, Jorge de León Miranda, Serena Cocciolo, and Chiara Casanova ...

ARMENIA 07.0 Public Disclosi Armenia SWM Sector Assessment and Reform Plan Yerevan Municipal Waste Management Analysis Report ORLD BANK uthorized May 2024 City Climate Finance Gap Fund Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GRAND DUCHY OF LUXEMBOURG Ministry of the Environment, Climate and Sustainable Development Advisory Group RWA Grou Resources & Waste Armenia SWM Sector Assessment and R ...

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Public Disclosure Authorized LEBANON Interim Damage and Loss Assessment (DaLA) ASSESSMENT REPORT NOVEMBER 2024 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized © 2024 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: +1-202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved. This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - The 2022 Colombian Tax Reform mandated the National Tax and Customs Authority (DIAN) to conduct gender-focused studies, leading to the establishment of institutional structures and strategies for sex-disaggregation in tax data [8][20]. - DIAN's experience in sex-disaggregating tax data aims to provide lessons for other revenue administrations and government agencies [8][20]. - The report highlights the importance of integrating gender perspectives into tax policies to promote inclusive economic growth and sustainable development [6][8]. Summary by Sections 1. Tax Data Disaggregation - DIAN has faced limitations in integrating gender-focused analysis into tax data, collaborating with the National Civil Registry to identify taxpayer sex under a restrictive information agreement [9][10]. - The latest strategy for disaggregating personal income tax data by sex involved merging taxpayer and pension data, using ID number rules, and applying a name-based algorithm [10][11]. 2. Data Disaggregation by Gender Identity - Since 2022, DIAN has invited taxpayers to voluntarily report their sex in four categories (male, female, non-binary, transgender) in tax returns, with about 1 million individuals declaring their sex in 2023 [13][14]. - The self-declaration option has been discontinued due to sensitivity concerns, and DIAN now retrieves this data from identity documents in the National Civil Registry [13][50]. 3. Lessons Learned - Key lessons from DIAN's experience include the importance of political commitment, competent technical staff, and inter-agency collaboration for effective data sharing [16][78]. - Challenges include the voluntary nature of self-reporting, sensitivity of information, and the need for accurate prediction models for sex classification [16][80]. 4. Methodologies and Institutional Strategies - DIAN's methodologies for data disaggregation evolved over time, with significant reforms and the establishment of working groups to handle data disaggregation [28][51]. - The report outlines the legal reforms and institutional strategies that facilitated the collection and analysis of sex-disaggregated data [28][51]. 5. Use of Disaggregated Data - The disaggregated data is utilized for internal analysis and policy evaluation, providing insights into gender differences in income distribution and wealth [59][60]. - Future analyses will focus on various tax regimes and additional factors such as marital status to enhance understanding of tax data by sex [65][66].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry under review Core Insights - The report emphasizes the importance of building a social contract in Somalia, focusing on state affordability, revenue mobilization, and service delivery in a nascent federal state [6][8] - It highlights that Somalia's domestic revenue-to-GDP ratio is currently the lowest in the world at 2.5%, with the state relying on official development assistance for nearly half of its budget [47][48] - The report outlines key questions for Somali policymakers regarding the type of state that can be afforded, enhancing domestic revenue, and delivering public services to increase trust in the state [47] Overview - The report discusses the challenges of state building in Somalia, particularly in the context of low tax capacity and reliance on donor funds [45][46] - It notes that the social contract is a dynamic agreement between the state and society, which is crucial for gaining legitimacy and maintaining social order [46] - The report indicates that significant progress has been made in state-building efforts over the past decade, including the adoption of a provisional constitution and the establishment of key federal institutions [47] Achieving State Affordability - The report explores the fiscal trends and challenges faced by Somalia in achieving state affordability [5] - It discusses the need for a minimal level of services to ensure state legitimacy, given the current low revenue base [47] Enhancing Domestic Revenue - The report outlines the goal of reaching a 4.5% tax-to-GDP ratio by 2030 and 9% by 2060, emphasizing the need for key revenue reforms [47] - It highlights the importance of fostering tax compliance among citizens and businesses to enhance domestic revenue [47] Delivering Services in a Nascent Federal State - The report addresses the division of labor in service delivery among national, state, and local governments [47] - It emphasizes the need for adequate resources and capacity at each level of government to effectively deliver public services [47]

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the procurement industry but emphasizes the importance of enhancing procurement processes to achieve better value for money in World Bank-supported projects [20][21]. Core Insights - The evaluation assesses the World Bank's procurement system and its reforms since 2016, highlighting the need for improved efficiency, integrity, and sustainability in procurement practices [20][21]. - The reforms introduced a new procurement framework aimed at addressing bottlenecks and enhancing value for money, with a focus on client capacity building and the introduction of innovative procurement strategies [21][22]. - The findings indicate that while the reform has shown promising results, consistent implementation across projects and regions remains a challenge, particularly in areas with low client procurement capacity [24][25]. Summary by Sections 1. Introduction - The report outlines the significance of procurement for development and the World Bank's 2016 procurement reform aimed at improving procurement efficiency and effectiveness [20][21]. 2. Improving Procurement Efficiency - Procurement times have improved significantly, with the median turnaround time reduced to about two months from over three months prior to the reform [26][29]. - However, common processing issues and delays still impede project implementation, particularly in high-risk and complex procurements [31][34]. 3. Improving Procurement Economy, Integrity, Transparency, and Fairness - The reform emphasizes the need for enhanced market analysis and competitive approaches to engage qualified suppliers, yet the practical uptake of these principles has been slow [79][80]. - There is a need to balance cost and noncost factors in procurement to improve quality and sustainability [34][35]. 4. Improving Procurement Fit for Purpose and Value for Money - The application of procurement principles has led to better performance, but there is a lack of consistent implementation across projects [24][25]. - Early procurement starts and strategic planning are crucial for maximizing project outcomes [37][38]. 5. Procurement Capacity Strengthening and Support - The report highlights the need for strategic capacity strengthening to address persistent procurement issues and enhance client capabilities [56][58]. - Engaging in country-level dialogue and developing tailored capacity strengthening plans are essential for improving procurement performance [55][56]. 6. Conclusions - The evaluation concludes that while the reform's logic is sound, there is an urgent need to scale up its implementation across the investment project financing portfolio to maximize benefits [24][25].

Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 2 2 Public Disclosure Authorized VIET NAM 2045 TRADING UP IN A CHANGING WORLD Pathways to a High-Income Future 日目日 areaus 8.05 ABP HILLER VIET NAM 2045 TRADING UP IN A CHANGING WORLD Pathways to a High-Income Future 2 2 @2024 The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org 2 This work is a product of the staff of the World Bank with external contributions. The find ...