记者：多年来您一直在挖掘史料和征集文物，初心是什么？ 申利芳：我一直认为，抗战不光是国家层面的大历史，也是无数普通家庭和个人的家族史、个人史。多 年来，我接触过很多老红军、老八路及其后人，他们是真正的"宝藏"。我们展示抗战史的时候，如果脱 离了真实的发生过程，就很难触动今天的观众。通过收集故事，我们希望不只是简单地介绍展品，而是 再现历史。 记者：对纪念馆来说，这项工作的用处是什么？ 申利芳：其实包括文物征集在内，我们最重要的工作是不断发掘和创新。比如，作为晋冀鲁豫边区首 府，在涉县驻扎过的机关众多，光查明的旧址就有137处，这里面有大量内容。2021年我们据此策划 了"晋冀鲁豫边区政权建设展"，里面用党建、军事、政治、经济、文化、粮农、卫生、民政、安保等13 个子展，系统展现了根据地是如何全面建设的。展览后来入选了庆祝中国共产党成立100周年精品展览 推介名单。 记者：接下来如何使用发掘出的史料？ 申利芳：今年"全国红色旅游联盟年会"将在涉县召开，纪念馆是主会场之一，我们策划了一个沉浸式的 数字展厅，主题是"战争与和平"。希望通过让观众直面战争的残酷，感受战争给当时人们带来的心灵创 伤，引导今天的人更加珍惜 ...

央广网北京8月13日消息 据中央广播电视总台中国之声报道，在江苏南京紫金山北麓，坐落着国内首座国际抗日航空烈士纪念馆——南京抗日航空烈士 纪念馆。31座黑色大理石英烈碑上，镌刻着4299位中外抗日航空英烈的姓名。在纪念馆广场上，矗立着一座座中外军人雕像，其中就有全民族抗战爆发后第 一个击落日本飞机的中国飞行员高志航的雕像。 南京抗日航空烈士纪念馆英烈碑 1937年8月13日，淞沪会战爆发。次日，日军出动十多架"九六式"轰炸机，在杭州笕桥机场投下炸弹，企图将中国空军为数不多的战机消灭在地面。中 国空军第四大队大队长高志航率队升空迎战并果断开火，在战友的密切配合下，连续击落、击伤日军战机，首开先河。 南京抗日航空烈士纪念馆研究人员窦若琪说："'八一四'空战大捷击落了三架日机，在1937年10月南京保卫战期间，高志航与队友也是并肩作战，取得 了击落十几架敌机的优秀战绩。" "八一四"空战，是全民族抗战爆发后的首次空中大捷，打破了"日本空军不可战胜"的神话，极大地鼓舞了中国军民抗战的士气。1937年11月，高志航奉 命接收苏联支援中国抗战的一批飞机，飞抵河南周家口驻防待命。11月21日，机场突遭11架日机偷袭，高志航 ...

央视网消息：徐州会战是抗日战争时期中日双方在以徐州为中心展开的一场大规模战役。著名的"台儿庄大捷"就是徐州会战的重 要组成部分。这场会战不仅关乎徐州地区的安危，更与整个抗战局势的走向紧密相连，成为中日双方战略博弈的关键节点。中国军人 以血肉之躯筑起钢铁防线，毙伤日军共2万多人。其中，台儿庄大捷更是提振全国抗日的信心，沉重打击了日军速亡中国的战略企 图。 1938年1月到5月，日军妄图打通津浦铁路，以南京、济南为基地，从南、北两面攻占徐州地区，打通华北和华中占领区，将南北 战场连成一体，进而全面吞并中国。面对日军的强大攻势，中国军队展开了一场持续五个月的大规模防御战。中国社会科学院近代史 研究所助理研究员姜涛表示，对日军而言，占领徐州意味着掌控整个战略全局，可以迅速沿陇海铁路西进直取武汉。一旦武汉失守， 中国抗战局势将陷入更为严峻的境地。 1938年日军调遣华北与华中方面军携飞机、大炮、坦克等重型武器，从南北两端向徐州发起进攻。 中国军队在台儿庄地区毙伤日军1万多人，取得了震惊中外的"台儿庄大捷"，日军残部向峄城、枣庄撤退。台儿庄大捷是抗战以 来，中国军队在正面战场取得的一次重大胜利。这场来之不易的胜利，是全体 ...

"我的父亲出生在南阳乡交东行村一个贫苦的家庭，受革命思潮影响，他9岁就参加了儿童团组 织。"符祥辽介绍，父亲在南阳乡广益小学担任教员期间，结识了陈俊、陈丕茂等革命进步人士。1938 年，经陈俊介绍，父亲加入了中国共产党。 1939年2月10日，日寇入侵琼岛。22日，文昌文城沦陷。国难当头，符致东挺身而出，他在墟市人群 中就地拉来一条长板凳，站在上面，目光敏锐坚定地对人群喊道："乡亲们！日军今天轰炸了文城，我们 不能当亡国奴！"此后不到10天，他们就拉起了一支120多人的南阳乡抗日游击队，由李良任队长，符致东 担任指导员。 105岁亲历者陈玉兰。受访者供图 海南日报全媒体记者 刘操 南阳革命老区既是反"扫荡"中铜墙铁壁的一个光辉典范，也是琼文抗日根据地的核心地带，在这里涌 现出许多可歌可泣的英雄事迹和抗日杀敌的好儿郎，被誉为"革命模范乡"。 南阳抗战英雄后人讲述 革命先烈浴血奋战抗击日寇 南阳抗战英雄符致东的女儿符祥辽向记者讲述了自己父亲和李良枪林弹雨的抗战往事。 日军占领文昌县城后，一直蠢蠢欲动，觊觎革命活跃的南阳。南阳保卫战第一枪在当年4月中旬打 响。获悉将有3辆满载日军的军车向南阳进犯后，李良和符致东凌晨 ...

班长看着我笑了笑："就你小子心眼多！"得到他的回应后，我借着黎明前的薄雾，猫着腰偷偷摸到敌营 南正厅。戴上机枪班的专属头盔，往梯子上一站，"哗啦"一拉枪栓，那些伪军吓得魂都没了，抱头就想 逃跑，可这时局面全在我们的掌控之中。三八大盖、轻冲锋枪、短枪，我比划啥他们就扔啥，别提有多 痛快了。这场战斗，我们歼灭敌军中队长以下150多人，缴获轻机枪、步枪、手枪100多支，打出了我们 文西独立营的威风。 这场仗过后，战友们说我"能文能武"，营长田夫也总叫我"文化兵"，说我"脑袋瓜子比枪杆子还灵"。每 次想起田营长，我的心里都是热乎乎的。1945年暮春，胶东的槐花开得正盛，空气里都是甜的，我把田 夫营长亲手写的推荐信郑重揣进怀里，昂首挺胸奔赴东海司令部。凭借在文西独立营的战绩，我被选为 于得水司令员的警卫员，穿上新军装的那天，我心中满是激动，期盼着能够再立新功。 那时候，已经日暮西山的日本侵略者被围困在据点惶惶不可终日，只能靠外出抢粮为生。5月20日，一 队日伪军400余人自烟台东下"扫荡"，于得水司令员指挥麾下的文西独立营、牟平独立营在牟平沙子地 区与日军展开激战。可是，由于向导失误，文西独立营在战斗中丢失制高点，日伪 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and contributions of Gao Fengying, a martyr and underground member of the Chinese Communist Party, who played a significant role in the anti-Japanese resistance during the 1930s and 1940s [2][3][4]. Group 1: Background and Early Life - Gao Fengying, originally named Deledeng, was born in 1928 and became a member of the Chinese Communist Party after being influenced by his cousin, a communist who returned from studying in the Soviet Union [2]. - He married Zhao Lianlian in 1928, and they had their first son, Wengui, shortly after [2]. Group 2: Resistance Efforts - Gao Fengying actively worked to recruit soldiers from the Mongolian ethnic group to join the anti-Japanese guerrilla forces and secured vital material support and intelligence for the resistance [3]. - In 1938, he was arrested by Japanese military police while attempting to procure machine gun parts for the guerrilla forces but was rescued after 20 days of negotiations [3]. Group 3: Family and Sacrifice - Gao Fengying's wife, Zhao Lianlian, was also captured but endured torture without revealing his whereabouts, showcasing the family's commitment to the resistance [4]. - The couple often moved with the guerrilla forces, living in various mountain villages, and were known as a "guerrilla family" by local communities [4]. Group 4: Leadership and Legacy - In 1940, Gao Fengying was appointed as the leader of the Mongolian anti-Japanese guerrilla forces, adopting the name "Yun Jixiang" and earning the title "Yun Captain" from local people [4]. - He was killed in action in 1941, along with 12 other guerrilla fighters, and his legacy was honored by his son, Wengjing, who vowed to carry on his father's ideals [4].

Core Viewpoint - The articles commemorate the bravery and sacrifices of Wu Kuan, a key figure in the New Fourth Army during the Anti-Japanese War, highlighting his significant military achievements and ultimate sacrifice at a young age [1][3][12]. Group 1: Background and Early Life - Wu Kuan was born in 1910 in Sichuan and joined the Red Army in 1930, later becoming a member of the Communist Party [3]. - He participated in the Long March and was assigned to the New Fourth Army, where he served as the deputy commander of the 6th Regiment [3][4]. Group 2: Military Achievements - Wu Kuan was known for his decisive leadership and bravery in battle, often leading from the front and achieving significant victories against Japanese forces [5][10]. - Notable battles included the Huangtutang battle, where his forces killed over 30 Japanese soldiers, marking a successful first engagement during their eastward advance [7][10]. - His regiment conducted a series of successful operations, including a night raid on the Suzhou Hushuguan railway station and an attack on the Hongqiao Airport, which bolstered the morale of the local population [8][10]. Group 3: Legacy and Sacrifice - Wu Kuan's military prowess earned him the nickname "Old Tiger," and he was celebrated for his contributions to the anti-Japanese efforts [8][10]. - He tragically lost his life at the age of 29 during a surprise attack by Nationalist forces, leaving behind a legacy of courage and leadership [12].

Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, highlighting the contributions of local civilians to the New Fourth Army's efforts during the war [1]. Group 1: Contributions of Civilians - Civilians actively supported the New Fourth Army by donating resources such as straw, which was used for making shoes and bedding for soldiers [2][4]. - A notable instance includes a donation certificate from 1944 acknowledging the contribution of 30 jin (approximately 15 kg) of straw from a local resident, emphasizing the gratitude of the army [2][4]. - Local women, led by a villager's mother, made 81 pairs of cloth shoes for soldiers, showcasing the community's commitment to supporting the troops [6][8]. Group 2: Historical Accounts from Veterans - A 96-year-old veteran recounted how locals frequently brought food supplies, including rice, to the army, demonstrating the strong bond between the military and the community [11][12]. - The veteran's daughter noted the army's good discipline and their mutual support with the locals, which included helping with agricultural work [13]. Group 3: Military and Civilian Cooperation - In another instance, villagers provided 72 rooms for the New Fourth Army's temporary stationing during a critical meeting between two army divisions, reflecting the local population's support [15][18]. - The establishment of a field hospital by the army in a village led to mutual assistance, where locals helped transport injured soldiers and provided supplies [19][21].

Core Viewpoint - The recent release of films reflecting World War II history, such as "Nanjing Photo Studio" and "Dongji Island," highlights the atrocities committed by Japanese militarism and emphasizes the importance of remembering historical lessons to prevent the repetition of past tragedies [3]. Group 1 - The films released depict significant historical events, including the Nanjing Massacre and the rescue of British prisoners of war by Chinese fishermen under Japanese gunfire [3]. - The spokesperson, Jiang Bin, asserts that any attempts to distort World War II history or glorify invasion wars will not succeed in the face of undeniable evidence [3]. - The increasing awareness of the brutal actions of Japanese militarism and the courageous resistance by the Chinese and global communities is being facilitated through various media, including films [3]. Group 2 - This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the global anti-fascist war [3]. - The Chinese military aims to inherit and promote the spirit of the great anti-war struggle, enhancing its capabilities to safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests [3].

Core Viewpoint - The articles highlight the significant role of traditional Chinese opera, particularly the performances of Mei Lanfang, Shang Xiaoyun, Cheng Yanqun, and Xun Huisheng, in promoting national spirit and resistance against Japanese aggression during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Their works served as a cultural rallying point for the Chinese people, inspiring patriotism and resilience against foreign invaders [1][4][10]. Group 1: Mei Lanfang's Contributions - Mei Lanfang's opera "Anti-Gold Soldiers" was a powerful artistic expression that encouraged the public to resist Japanese aggression, drawing parallels between historical invasions and contemporary struggles [4][5]. - The performance of "Anti-Gold Soldiers" in Shanghai moved audiences to tears and was met with overwhelming demand, indicating its impact on the public sentiment during the war [4][6]. - Mei Lanfang's later work, "Life and Death Hate," further emphasized the suffering caused by invaders and the spirit of resistance, becoming a significant cultural symbol during the war [5][6]. Group 2: Shang Xiaoyun's Role - Shang Xiaoyun's performance of "Liang Hongyu" in Beijing paralleled Mei Lanfang's work, showcasing the same themes of resistance and national pride through the character of Liang Hongyu [7][9]. - The opera highlighted the martial prowess of Liang Hongyu, reinforcing the message of courage and determination against foreign threats [9]. Group 3: Cheng Yanqun's Stance - Cheng Yanqun's refusal to participate in a propaganda performance for the Japanese occupiers exemplified the strong anti-Japanese sentiment among artists, showcasing a commitment to national integrity [10][12]. - Following an attack by Japanese agents, Cheng Yanqun chose to abandon the stage and work as a farmer, demonstrating personal sacrifice for the greater good [12]. Group 4: Xun Huisheng's Contributions - Xun Huisheng created the opera "Xun Guanniang," which combined elements of drama and martial arts to convey a message of patriotism and resistance, achieving popularity and contributing to the anti-Japanese narrative [13][14].