Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the significant role of theater and art in uniting the Chinese people during the Anti-Japanese War, showcasing how various performances inspired collective action and national consciousness [5][8][12]. Group 1: Historical Context - The Anti-Japanese War prompted a surge in theatrical productions, with street plays and operas becoming vital tools for mobilizing public sentiment against invaders [6][7]. - Notable works like "The White-Haired Girl" and "Defending Lugou Bridge" resonated deeply with audiences, reflecting the struggles and aspirations of the people during wartime [6][9]. Group 2: The Role of Art and Theater - Theater served as a battlefield, with performances acting as weapons to inspire and galvanize the masses, fostering a sense of unity and shared purpose [13][14]. - The creative output from institutions like the Lu Xun Academy of Arts (鲁艺) was characterized by a focus on real-life experiences, capturing the essence of the people's struggles and triumphs [11][12]. Group 3: Impact on Society - The emotional connection established through performances led to increased participation in the war effort, with audiences feeling compelled to act in solidarity with the characters portrayed on stage [13][14]. - The portrayal of ordinary individuals as heroes in plays helped to elevate the collective spirit, encouraging a sense of agency among the populace [12][15]. Group 4: Legacy and Reflection - The legacy of wartime theater continues to resonate, with modern adaptations and performances honoring the spirit of resistance and the sacrifices made during the Anti-Japanese War [16][18]. - The article underscores the importance of remembering and celebrating these artistic contributions as a means of preserving national identity and collective memory [16][19].

Core Viewpoint - The articles highlight the significant role of traditional Chinese opera, particularly the performances of Mei Lanfang, Shang Xiaoyun, Cheng Yanqun, and Xun Huisheng, in promoting national spirit and resistance against Japanese aggression during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Their works served as a cultural rallying point for the Chinese people, inspiring patriotism and resilience against foreign invaders [1][4][10]. Group 1: Mei Lanfang's Contributions - Mei Lanfang's opera "Anti-Gold Soldiers" was a powerful artistic expression that encouraged the public to resist Japanese aggression, drawing parallels between historical invasions and contemporary struggles [4][5]. - The performance of "Anti-Gold Soldiers" in Shanghai moved audiences to tears and was met with overwhelming demand, indicating its impact on the public sentiment during the war [4][6]. - Mei Lanfang's later work, "Life and Death Hate," further emphasized the suffering caused by invaders and the spirit of resistance, becoming a significant cultural symbol during the war [5][6]. Group 2: Shang Xiaoyun's Role - Shang Xiaoyun's performance of "Liang Hongyu" in Beijing paralleled Mei Lanfang's work, showcasing the same themes of resistance and national pride through the character of Liang Hongyu [7][9]. - The opera highlighted the martial prowess of Liang Hongyu, reinforcing the message of courage and determination against foreign threats [9]. Group 3: Cheng Yanqun's Stance - Cheng Yanqun's refusal to participate in a propaganda performance for the Japanese occupiers exemplified the strong anti-Japanese sentiment among artists, showcasing a commitment to national integrity [10][12]. - Following an attack by Japanese agents, Cheng Yanqun chose to abandon the stage and work as a farmer, demonstrating personal sacrifice for the greater good [12]. Group 4: Xun Huisheng's Contributions - Xun Huisheng created the opera "Xun Guanniang," which combined elements of drama and martial arts to convey a message of patriotism and resistance, achieving popularity and contributing to the anti-Japanese narrative [13][14].

Core Points - The "Mei Zhan Dong Fang" cultural heritage walking route dedicated to Mei Lanfang has been selected as an excellent cultural route for 2024 by the National Cultural Heritage Administration, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, and National Development and Reform Commission [2] - This route highlights 34 immovable cultural relics associated with Mei Lanfang's life and career in Shanghai, showcasing his significant influence on Peking opera and the city's cultural landscape [2][6] - The route is organized into three main themes: "Old Shadows of the Pear Garden," "Friendship in Stone," and "Searching for Traces in Shanghai," connecting various historical sites related to Mei Lanfang [6] Summary by Sections Cultural Significance - Mei Lanfang is recognized as a world-renowned performing arts master, with Shanghai serving as a crucial location for his artistic development and public acclaim [1][5] - The cultural route allows visitors to explore the deep connections between Mei Lanfang and Shanghai's historical architecture, enhancing understanding of his artistic journey [2][5] Route Details - The "Mei Zhan Dong Fang" route includes 34 immovable cultural relics, with 2 being national key cultural relics, 8 municipal cultural relics, and 5 district-level cultural relics [6] - Key locations include the Meiqi Theatre, Zhangjia Garden, and Tianchan Stage, among others, which were significant in Mei Lanfang's performances and social interactions [6][16] Historical Context - Mei Lanfang first arrived in Shanghai in 1913, quickly gaining fame and establishing a lasting relationship with the city until his return to Beijing in 1951 [5][28] - The route reflects the historical significance of various venues, such as the Daguangming Theatre, where Mei Lanfang performed and made notable appearances [9][15] Research and Discovery - The planning of the route involved extensive research, including reviewing historical documents and interviews with Mei Lanfang's descendants, to identify key locations [26][28] - Some historical sites have been lost to time, highlighting the challenges of preserving cultural heritage in a rapidly changing urban landscape [28][30]