Core Insights - The article discusses the recent adjustments in undergraduate programs in China, highlighting the addition, removal, and restructuring of 3,424 programs across the country, with a focus on "strategic urgent" and "emerging interdisciplinary" fields [1][3]. Group 1: Professional Adjustments - The Ministry of Education's recent report indicates a significant shift in professional adjustments, moving from traditional "addition and subtraction" to a more in-depth "structural adjustment and integration" approach [3]. - In the past five years, "Double First Class" universities have added a total of 1,068 new programs, with engineering disciplines leading the way at 501 programs, accounting for nearly half of the total [4][5]. Group 2: Key Trends in New Programs - The majority of new engineering programs focus on technological innovation and engineering applications, aligning with the national strategy for "new engineering" development [7]. - Artificial intelligence has emerged as the most popular new program, with 41 "Double First Class" universities establishing this major, reflecting a strong emphasis on talent cultivation in this field [7][8]. - The new program "Energy Storage Science and Engineering" has gained traction, focusing on renewable energy and materials, and is seen as crucial for achieving carbon neutrality goals [8]. Group 3: Interdisciplinary and Emerging Fields - A notable trend is the rise of interdisciplinary programs, with 203 new programs incorporating "intelligent" and "smart" themes, primarily within engineering [11]. - New programs such as "Smart Agriculture" and "Smart Transportation" emphasize the digital transformation of traditional industries, indicating a broadening of the "intelligent+" concept beyond engineering [12]. Group 4: Health and Sports Programs - The "Exercise Training" program has seen a surge, with 25 new additions, driven by the "Healthy China" initiative and the integration of sports and education [16][17]. - New health-related programs like "Infant Development and Health Management" and "Geriatric Medicine and Health" are emerging, reflecting societal needs [22]. Group 5: Program Cancellations - Despite the increase in new programs, there is a noticeable trend of program cancellations, with "Double First Class" universities like Shandong University and Sichuan University removing numerous programs due to factors such as low enrollment and outdated relevance [30][33]. - The adjustments are driven by the need for high-quality employment outcomes, faculty resource considerations, and alignment with current industry demands [36][39]. Group 6: Future Directions - The establishment of new programs is increasingly aligned with national strategic needs, such as the recent addition of "Low-altitude Technology and Engineering" to support the burgeoning low-altitude economy [24]. - The ongoing adjustments in higher education programs reflect a broader commitment to enhancing the quality and relevance of education in response to evolving societal and economic demands [41].

Group 1 - The Ministry of Education announced the results for the 2024 undergraduate program approvals, with a total of 1,839 new program points added, 157 programs adjusted, 2,220 programs discontinued, and 1,428 programs revoked, indicating a significant optimization of academic programs [2][3] - Among the new programs, engineering saw the highest addition with 940 new points, followed by science with 193, agriculture with 46, and medicine with 16, making up 65% of the total new programs [2] - The artificial intelligence program was the most added, with 91 new points, accounting for approximately 5% of all new programs, involving both "Double First-Class" and non-"Double First-Class" universities [2][3] Group 2 - Other notable new programs included smart construction, big data management, smart manufacturing engineering, robotics engineering, and integrated circuit design, each with over 30 new points [3] - The updated directory also included 29 new programs, with low-altitude technology and engineering being the most popular, offered by six universities [3] Group 3 - In Shandong province, 58 universities added a total of 182 new program points, with 152 being actual new programs, and the most added program was integrated circuit design [4][5] - Shandong's universities have a unique focus, with only 5 new artificial intelligence programs added, as the province has already established a strong foundation in this area since 2018 [5] Group 4 - Nationwide, 49 universities adjusted the duration of some five-year programs to four years, primarily in landscape architecture and urban planning [6] - This adjustment aligns with the Ministry of Education's initiative to optimize program structures and talent cultivation in response to new development patterns [6][7]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the urgent need for humanities education to adapt to the digital age and integrate with artificial intelligence (AI) to meet societal demands [1][2][8] - The Ministry of Education and other authorities have issued guidelines to support the integration of language disciplines with AI, promoting the development of interdisciplinary talents [1][2] - The transformation of humanities education is not a one-way integration with technology but a mutual reconstruction of human values and digital civilization [2][8] Group 2 - Various universities are exploring the integration of humanities education with intelligent technology, such as Nanjing University and Shandong University, which are developing innovative talent training models [4][5] - The concept of a "Knowledge Factory" has been proposed to connect humanities students with AI enterprises, providing opportunities for practical experience in AI model training [6][7] - The demand for interdisciplinary talents is increasing as AI technology accelerates, highlighting the unique role of humanities graduates in understanding and applying AI principles [5][6] Group 3 - Humanities education traditionally focuses on critical thinking and humanistic qualities but often neglects digital skills, which are becoming essential in the AI era [6][7] - Recommendations for humanities students include developing cross-disciplinary technical skills, mastering data analysis, and learning AI application logic [7] - The article suggests that the evolution of humanities education will continue to adapt to societal changes, ensuring the enduring relevance of humanistic inquiry and values [8]

Core Points - The newly published "Directory of Undergraduate Programs in General Higher Education" includes 93 categories and 845 programs, with 29 new programs added [2][6] - Major universities like Peking University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Fudan University have made significant reforms in their departments, focusing on interdisciplinary education and emerging fields [2][4][5] Group 1: New Programs and Department Reforms - The new programs include Intelligent Molecular Engineering, Medical Devices and Equipment Engineering, and Spatiotemporal Information Engineering, among others [2][7] - Shanghai Jiao Tong University has split its renowned Electrical and Electronic Engineering College into four independent colleges to better support talent development in artificial intelligence and related fields [3][4] - Fudan University has established six new innovative engineering colleges, each led by top scientists, adopting an interdisciplinary talent training model [4][7] Group 2: Implications for Talent Development - The restructuring aims to enhance the quality of talent produced, focusing on strategic scientists who can lead industry advancements [4][5] - The changes are expected to create a more competitive environment for students, potentially leading to a greater emergence of talent [4][6] - The emphasis on interdisciplinary programs aligns with current industry needs, moving away from traditional single-discipline education [5][6] Group 3: Impact on Student Enrollment - The adjustments in departments and new program offerings will significantly influence the 2025 college entrance examination candidates, with potential shifts in enrollment patterns [6][7] - The demand for graduates in IT, internet, and gaming sectors remains high, with a projected 20% to 25% increase in job openings for these fields [6][7] - The newly added programs are designed to meet national strategic needs and adapt to market demands, including areas like carbon neutrality and health care [7][8]

高校学科专业正在加快优化调整 复旦大学即将开启的改革措施社会反响强烈。日前，迎来建校120周年的复旦大学将2025年度的关键词 确定为"改革·破局"，提出要打造"新工科"和"新文科"，其中学校新的招生比例，文理医工和交叉门类各 占20%。 日前，复旦大学宣布进行"大手术"式改革，以及国内各高校的专业设置调整优化引发社会关注。文科发 展相关话题的关注度不断升温，社交媒体上关于文科生就业前景及学科价值的讨论持续发酵，引发了一 场对学科调整的重新审视。 高校纷纷进行专业调整背后的逻辑是什么？未来文科专业的转型路径和文科生的核心竞争力是什 么？……事实上，我国早已提出"新文科"且已有高校开启新文科探索，相关专家表示，未来文科专业的 孩子仍然具备多元化的出路，但是高校的传统文科需要变革、改进。 复旦大学这一重大调整也被视为高校发展的风向标。一时间，这一消息被坊间解读为"复旦将降低文科 招生比例"。复旦大学校长、中国科学院院士金力在接受媒体采访时对该问题回应称，今年复旦本科生 招生计划，文科确实有所减少。他进一步指出，人文社科背景的培养项目容量约占复旦本科2025级的 30%，但内涵和模式有很大的转型升级。传统文科的招生 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the expansion of high-quality undergraduate programs in China, highlighting the increase in enrollment numbers at top universities while also addressing the reduction of liberal arts programs, suggesting a shift towards interdisciplinary studies and the integration of liberal arts with science and technology [1][2][3]. Group 1: Expansion of Undergraduate Programs - The Chinese government aims to increase the enrollment of "double first-class" universities, with an additional 20,000 students planned for 2025, following a previous increase of 16,000 students [1]. - Tsinghua University and Peking University have announced plans to expand their undergraduate admissions by 150 students each, focusing on fields such as artificial intelligence and clinical medicine [5][6]. - Other 985 universities, including Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Xi'an Jiaotong University, are also expanding their enrollment, with a focus on emerging fields like AI, integrated circuits, and biomedical sciences [5][7]. Group 2: Reduction of Liberal Arts Programs - The trend of reducing liberal arts programs has sparked discussions, with Fudan University's president stating that the proportion of liberal arts admissions will decrease from 30-40% to 20% [2][9]. - Despite the reduction, data from the C9 university alliance indicates that liberal arts programs will not disappear, but rather undergo adjustments to better align with societal needs [9][11]. - The article emphasizes that while liberal arts may face cuts, they still hold significant importance in comprehensive universities, with a substantial number of students and faculty dedicated to these fields [11][13]. Group 3: Interdisciplinary Focus - The article suggests that the future of liberal arts lies in interdisciplinary integration, with universities developing programs that combine liberal arts with science and technology [3][15]. - Examples include Tsinghua University offering cross-disciplinary programs in political economy and creative design, and Fudan University launching new programs like neurolinguistics and data intelligence [18][19]. - The shift towards interdisciplinary studies is seen as a response to the evolving job market and societal demands, indicating a need for graduates who possess a blend of skills from both liberal arts and sciences [16][17].