Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for reform in engineering education to align with the demands of the modern industrial landscape, particularly in the context of artificial intelligence and interdisciplinary knowledge integration [2][3]. Group 1: Current Challenges in Engineering Education - Over 80% of academic disciplines in Chinese universities are products of the first three industrial revolutions, leading to issues such as demand mismatch, outdated content, and insufficient capabilities [2]. - Traditional engineering education focuses too much on specialization, resulting in narrow knowledge bases and inadequate humanistic and innovative skills, which are essential in the AI era [2]. - The fragmentation of knowledge due to overly detailed specialization dilutes educational resources and weakens knowledge integration [3]. Group 2: Reform Initiatives in Engineering Education - Various universities are reforming their engineering talent cultivation models by enhancing new engineering layouts and breaking traditional academic structures [3][6]. - Shanghai Jiao Tong University has established four new colleges focused on electrical engineering, automation, computer science, and information engineering to support AI-driven technological revolutions [7]. - Peking University has restructured its departments to focus on cutting-edge fields like integrated circuits and intelligent technologies, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration [7]. Group 3: Curriculum Design Based on Industry Needs - Courses like "Engineering Finite Element and Numerical Calculation" are being adjusted to meet actual industry demands, emphasizing practical innovation capabilities [8]. - The integration of real-world engineering problems into the curriculum is crucial for developing students' engineering thinking and practical skills [8]. - Stanford University emphasizes the importance of AI and machine learning across all engineering disciplines, requiring students to complete a significant number of math and science credits [8]. Group 4: Professional Adjustments in Engineering Disciplines - The Ministry of Education's reform plan aims to optimize and adjust 20% of academic programs by 2025, leading to a wave of changes in undergraduate programs [10][16]. - Since the reform plan was announced, 3,229 new undergraduate programs have been established, while 2,534 have been discontinued, with engineering disciplines seeing the most significant adjustments [11]. - The engineering field has added 1,395 new programs, primarily in computer science, electronic information, and mechanical engineering, while also seeing a high number of program discontinuations [14]. Group 5: Future Directions for Professional Optimization - The focus of professional adjustment should start from engineering disciplines, addressing common pain points and promoting systemic knowledge integration [15]. - Future professional adjustments will emphasize the construction of new engineering, medical, agricultural, and liberal arts disciplines, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration [16]. - The government aims to enhance the responsiveness of professional settings to high-quality development needs, ensuring alignment with national strategies and market demands [17].

该文指出，目前，我国高校超过80%的学科专业是前三次工业革命的产物，存在需求失配、内涵老化、名称陈旧、能力不适等问题。特别是传统工科教育 理念过于强调专业化，在人才培养中容易造成知识面窄、人文底蕴和创新能力不足的状况，难以适应人工智能时代对创新型复合型人才的需求。当下，高 校学科专业设置和建设机制亟待改变，不同知识体系之间利用自身特有的研究范式和话语体系创造出学科的"高墙"正在被打破，人工智能赋能学科转型发 展、内涵升级正在成为共识。 随着新技术、新场景不断涌现，当前产业发展对工程人才培养的实际需求已非"大而全"。日前，中国工程院院士、同济大学党委书记郑庆华在署名文章 《以工程智能为突破口赋能学科转型发展和拔尖创新人才培养》中写到，应强化工程智能赋能，推动学科转型发展内涵升级。 按产业需求设计课程 中国工程院2021年的咨询研究项目"世界顶级工学院建设的战略研究"报告披露，我国每年工科毕业生总量超过世界工科毕业生总数的1/3，但支撑产业升 级的人才储备，尤其是高层次、创新型工程技术人才明显不足。 不只是郑庆华，中国工程院院士、西北工业大学党委书记李言荣也曾指出工科专业粗放型设置的问题。他曾撰文指出，我国工科专 ...

Core Viewpoint - The emergence of new research-oriented universities, referred to as the "Eight Little Dragons," has led to high admission scores that surpass many traditional 985 universities, indicating a shift in the higher education landscape in China [1][2]. Group 1: Admission Scores - The admission scores of new universities like Fuyou University and Ningbo Oriental Institute are impressively high, with Fuyou achieving a top score of 683 in Henan and Ningbo at 656, closely competing with Zhejiang University [1]. - Shenzhen University of Science and Technology and Shenzhen Institute of Technology have admission scores exceeding those of traditional 985 universities like Sun Yat-sen University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology [1]. Group 2: Reasons for High Scores - The "Eight Little Dragons" adopt a "small but elite" recruitment strategy, with institutions like South University of Science and Technology admitting only 38 students compared to Sun Yat-sen University's 2,500, resulting in higher admission scores due to smaller class sizes [1][2]. - These universities offer trendy programs, particularly in new engineering fields such as intelligent manufacturing and materials science, often in collaboration with major companies, enhancing their appeal [2]. - The rigorous training model emphasizes hands-on experience, with students at Shenzhen University of Science and Technology spending over 100 days in laboratories each year, and Fuyou University providing dual mentorship for undergraduates [2]. Group 3: Industry Impact and Future Outlook - The rise of these new universities is seen as a disruptive force in the higher education ecosystem, akin to a "catfish" stirring the waters, suggesting a potential transformation in educational practices and industry collaboration [2]. - There are concerns regarding the long-term viability of these institutions, as many have not yet graduated their first class, leading to uncertainty among prospective students and parents [2].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes that green development is essential for high-quality development, with the "dual carbon" goals driving a new wave of scientific and technological transformation in engineering education [1] - Traditional engineering education is transitioning from a single technology empowerment model to one focused on green empowerment, aligning with national needs and fostering green engineers for economic and social development [1] Group 2 - The establishment of a long-term talent cultivation mechanism is crucial, including the formation of a Green Engineer Training Committee to coordinate and develop policies for green engineering education [2] - A focus on comprehensive student development, innovation, and practical skills is necessary, with specific training standards and actionable teaching plans to achieve cultivation goals [2] Group 3 - The curriculum should integrate green development concepts across various courses, including general education, foundational, and core professional courses, to enhance students' understanding of green engineering principles [3] - A multi-disciplinary course system that includes economics, environmental science, and ecological design is recommended to broaden students' knowledge and foster interdisciplinary thinking [3] Group 4 - Practical teaching is a core element of curriculum construction, requiring alignment with industry needs and real-world applications to enhance students' cognitive skills and professional knowledge [4] - Collaboration with enterprises to establish green industry colleges and engineering laboratories is encouraged to provide students with hands-on experience in solving real engineering problems [4] Group 5 - Strengthening academic cooperation and research innovation capabilities is vital, with the establishment of green technology research centers and the integration of research resources to improve efficiency [5] - A mechanism for the interaction between research outcomes and curriculum development should be established to promote innovation and enhance educational quality [5] Group 6 - Creating a green campus culture centered on sustainable development is essential for enriching the practice of green engineering education [6] - The green campus culture can provide practical scenarios and case resources, helping students internalize the benefits of green engineering in their daily lives [6][7]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the strategic transformation of private higher education institutions in China, particularly focusing on Xi'an Mingde Polytechnic College under Shaanxi Jinye, which aims to align its educational offerings with national development strategies and industry needs, especially in the context of an aging population and the rise of the silver economy [1][2][3]. Group 1: Educational Strategy and Development - Xi'an Mingde Polytechnic College is actively restructuring its academic programs to meet the demands of the labor market, particularly in the health and wellness sector, in response to the aging population [2][3]. - The college has established a comprehensive application-oriented academic system, with 11 secondary colleges offering 32 undergraduate and 19 specialized programs, focusing on engineering and integrating various disciplines [2][3]. - The college's unique programs, such as Aircraft Manufacturing Engineering, have gained recognition, showcasing its strong practical capabilities and aligning with national strategic initiatives like "Made in China 2025" [2][3]. Group 2: Market Opportunities and Economic Impact - The aging population in China is projected to exceed 300 million by the end of 2024, creating significant opportunities in the health and wellness market, which is currently valued at approximately 7 trillion yuan and expected to grow to 30 trillion yuan by 2035 [2]. - The college is establishing a medical school and applying for nursing and wellness-related programs, creating a closed-loop ecosystem for recruitment, training, and employment [3]. Group 3: Institutional Growth and Infrastructure - Shaanxi Jinye's education sector reported a revenue of 500 million yuan in 2024, marking a 9.9% increase and accounting for 34.71% of the company's total revenue, indicating sustained growth since 2018 [4][5]. - The college has significantly expanded its infrastructure to accommodate over 20,000 students, enhancing its capacity for growth and development [4][5]. Group 4: AI Integration and Future Prospects - The college is leveraging AI technology to enhance educational delivery and integrate it across various disciplines, positioning itself at the forefront of educational innovation [3][5]. - The institution is preparing for a significant evaluation in 2026, which could lead to the authorization of master's degree programs, further increasing its attractiveness to prospective students [5][6].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the integration of modern industry colleges and new engineering disciplines to meet industry demands and enhance talent cultivation [1][2] - Modern industry colleges are designed as new educational platforms that focus on multi-party collaboration, resource integration, and alignment with economic and technological innovation needs [1][4] - The shift from traditional discipline-based education to a demand-oriented talent cultivation model aims to address the structural mismatch between talent supply and industry needs [2][3] Group 2 - The new engineering talent cultivation system focuses on practical innovation capabilities and problem-solving skills, adapting to the requirements of the new technological revolution [3][4] - The curriculum is being optimized to promote interdisciplinary integration and practical application, ensuring that students are equipped with relevant skills for future industry demands [3][5] - A collaborative governance structure involving universities, government, and enterprises is essential for effective talent development and resource sharing [4][5] Group 3 - The establishment of a quality assurance system is crucial for maintaining high standards in new engineering education, with a focus on continuous improvement and dynamic monitoring [5] - Teacher development and the establishment of a diverse evaluation mechanism are necessary to enhance the quality of education and align it with industry needs [5][6] - The integration of practical training and theoretical knowledge is vital for preparing students to tackle complex engineering challenges in real-world scenarios [4][5]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant reshuffling of university rankings in China over the past decade, highlighting the rapid rise of certain engineering-focused universities and the decline of others, particularly in the liberal arts and humanities fields [4][44]. Group 1: University Rankings and Changes - Tianjin University has experienced the most significant rise, jumping 172 places to rank 12th nationally, driven by its focus on "new engineering" education [8][9]. - Other notable universities that have improved their rankings include Tongji University (up 168 places), Sichuan University (up 167 places), and Beijing Institute of Technology (up 149 places) [12][14]. - The overall trend shows that engineering and technology-focused universities are gaining prominence, while traditional liberal arts institutions like Nankai University are falling behind [37][39]. Group 2: Factors Influencing Rankings - The rise of universities like Tianjin University is attributed to their alignment with national priorities in new engineering disciplines and their strong industry connections, particularly in sectors like new energy vehicles [11][44]. - The article notes that universities focusing on internationalization and global cooperation, such as Sichuan University and Tongji University, have also seen significant improvements in their rankings [21]. - Financial investment plays a crucial role in the success of local universities, with Shenzhen University leading in budget revenue at 7.507 billion yuan, heavily investing in high-demand fields like artificial intelligence and biomedical research [22][24]. Group 3: Emerging Research Universities - New research-oriented universities, such as Southern University of Science and Technology, are gaining traction, with high competition for admissions and significant research funding available for attracting top talent [26][27]. - The article highlights the emergence of several new universities in economically prosperous regions, particularly in the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta, which are expected to continue growing in influence [29][30]. Group 4: Implications for Students and the Education Sector - The article suggests that students should consider universities that are strategically aligned with emerging industries and have strong financial backing, as these institutions are likely to offer better educational and career opportunities [42][43]. - The ongoing shift towards engineering and technology education is seen as a national strategy, presenting opportunities for both universities and students to capitalize on this trend [44].

Core Insights - The article discusses the significant changes in the rankings of Chinese universities over the past decade, highlighting both the rapid rise of certain institutions and the decline of others, particularly in the context of engineering and technology education [1][2]. Group 1: Fastest Rising Universities - Tianjin University has experienced the most remarkable rise, jumping 172 places to rank 12th nationally, supported by its focus on "new engineering" education and strong performance across multiple rankings [3][4][6]. - Other notable universities that have improved their rankings include Tongji University (up 168 places), Sichuan University (up 167 places), and Beijing Institute of Technology (up 149 places) [6]. Group 2: Factors Driving Success - The success of these rising universities is largely attributed to their emphasis on engineering disciplines, aligning with China's national strategy for technological innovation [9][25]. - Tianjin University leads in establishing national-level demonstration colleges, showcasing its comprehensive approach to new engineering education [4][5]. Group 3: Emerging Research Universities - New research-oriented universities like Southern University of Science and Technology are gaining prominence, with high competition for admissions and significant funding for research [13][14]. - These institutions are strategically located in economically vibrant regions, benefiting from local industry and investment [20][26]. Group 4: Declining Institutions - Traditional liberal arts universities, such as Nankai University and Renmin University, are facing challenges in rankings due to their focus on non-engineering disciplines, which are less favored in current evaluation metrics [21][22][23]. - The shift in ranking criteria, which now emphasizes employability and international collaboration, has put these institutions at a disadvantage [8][24]. Group 5: Financial Investment in Education - Shenzhen University leads in budget allocation among local universities, with a total revenue of 7.507 billion yuan, focusing heavily on high-demand fields like artificial intelligence and biomedical research [12][10]. - The financial commitment to education and research is crucial for universities aiming to enhance their global standing and attract top talent [20][27].

Group 1 - Yunnan University Malaysia College (YMI) is a Sino-foreign cooperative education institution approved by the Ministry of Education, set to enroll students for the first time in 2025 [1][2] - The college offers three undergraduate programs: Artificial Intelligence, Chemical Engineering and Technology, and Materials Science and Engineering, with each program admitting 100 students [1][2][5] - YMI aims to cultivate international innovative talents to serve the "Belt and Road" initiative and regional development, leveraging the strengths of both Yunnan University and the University of Malaya [2][3] Group 2 - The Artificial Intelligence program focuses on training students in fundamental theories, technologies, and methods, preparing them for roles in various sectors including government, finance, and IT [4] - The Chemical Engineering and Technology program aims to develop innovative engineering talents with a focus on green chemical industry practices [5] - The Materials Science and Engineering program is designed to produce specialized talents capable of conducting in-depth research in various material fields [5] Group 3 - The academic structure follows a "4+0" model, with all four years of study conducted at Yunnan University, primarily in English [6] - Students will receive a bachelor's degree from both Yunnan University and the University of Malaya upon meeting graduation requirements, with degrees recognized by the education ministries of both countries [6][8] - Tuition fees are set at 65,000 yuan per student per academic year, with accommodation fees ranging from 800 to 1,200 yuan depending on the type of dormitory [7][8]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the changing employment landscape for previously labeled "dead-end majors," particularly in the fields of biology, chemistry, environment, and materials, highlighting their improved job prospects and salary potential due to industry structural adjustments and the rise of new energy sectors [1][3][7]. Group 1: Employment Trends in "Dead-End Majors" - "Dead-end majors" are typically associated with poor job prospects and challenging work environments, but recent developments show that fields like biochemistry and materials science are gaining traction in the job market [3][4]. - The employment rate and starting salaries for materials-related majors have significantly improved, with the average monthly salary for 2023 graduates reaching 6,474 yuan, an increase of nearly 1,200 yuan over five years [7][8]. Group 2: Industry Growth and Opportunities - The new materials industry in China is projected to reach a scale of 7.8 trillion yuan in 2024, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 13.5% [5][6]. - The establishment of specialized programs, such as the first undergraduate program in materials intelligent technology at Beijing University of Science and Technology, indicates a shift towards integrating AI with materials science [6][8]. Group 3: Interdisciplinary Education and New Programs - The article emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary education, with many majors requiring knowledge from multiple fields, such as integrated circuits needing expertise in optics and materials [8][11]. - The recent addition of 29 new majors, including intelligent molecular engineering and medical device engineering, reflects a proactive approach to align educational offerings with national strategies and market demands [11][12].