涅边贾表示，美国行为违背国际准则。美国在委内瑞拉海岸实施的封锁构成公然侵略，将带来灾难性后 果。国际社会理应恪守国际法精神。 涅边贾表示，美国正在摧毁民用船只，这是旨在加剧独立政策的行径，明显践踏国际法。美国企图掠夺 他国的自然资源和矿产，意图推翻美政府眼中不受欢迎的政权。 （文章来源：央视新闻） 当地时间23日，俄罗斯常驻联合国代表瓦西里·涅边贾在联合国安理会表示，美国在委内瑞拉海岸实施 封锁是侵略行为。 ...

刘静坤教授在意大利费拉拉大学作学术讲座。 近日，我应邀在意大利费拉拉大学进行系列学术讲座。古朴而典雅的校园，亲切友善的法学院同侪，连 同这座充满艺术气息的文艺复兴古城，给我留下了深刻印象，是此次欧洲访学之旅的美好回忆之一。这 是一次法律思想的碰撞，是一场中意法治文化的对话，也是向国际同行介绍中国法治的美好契机。 学术缘起：从海牙到费拉拉 费拉拉大学是意大利艾米利亚-罗马涅大区的公立大学，成立于1391年，师生比例为意大利最优配置之 一，在校注册学生超过2万人。法学院的福尔拉蒂教授是一位优雅而博学的国际法学者，曾担任欧洲宏 观犯罪法律研究中心主任，在国际法领域著述颇丰。我与她早前相识于海牙国际法学院，对彼此学术研 究领域兴趣颇深。当她得知我在罗马国际统一私法协会访问，专门邀请我赴费拉拉大学作系列讲座。近 些年我专注于中国涉外法治研究，能与国际同行分享，是相互学习、交流的好机会，于是我们一拍即 合。 当晚的餐叙，我们在一家当地老店品尝了特色美食"南瓜帽子意面"，我称之为南瓜馄饨，口感像中国的 甜馅面点。餐桌上，话题从法律转向教育。福尔拉蒂教授提到，新冠疫情之后，法学院的学生似乎更习 惯于独处，课堂外的交流明显减少 ...

Core Viewpoint - The EU's plan to use frozen Russian assets to fund Ukraine is facing collective opposition from several member states, raising uncertainties in the aid process for Ukraine [1][2][4] Group 1: Opposition from Member States - Italy, Belgium, Bulgaria, and Malta have formally warned the EU Commission against using frozen Russian assets for Ukraine, urging the search for legal and compliant alternatives [1][2] - Belgium's government expressed concerns that seizing foreign assets could undermine international trust in the EU's financial system and potentially lead to global capital flight [2] - Italy emphasized the need for the EU to stabilize its financial environment rather than engage in high-risk actions to aid Ukraine [2] Group 2: Alternative Proposals - The four opposing countries suggested that the EU should explore predictable and lower-risk alternatives, such as EU loans or transitional financing mechanisms, to meet Ukraine's urgent needs [2][4] - Despite their opposition to using frozen assets, these countries supported the indefinite freezing of Russian assets in a recent vote, emphasizing that future decisions on asset usage should involve member state leadership [2] Group 3: Broader EU Discontent - The opposition from these four countries reflects a broader division within the EU, with Hungary's Prime Minister labeling the vote as illegal and accusing the EU Commission of systematically violating European law [4] - Slovakia's Prime Minister criticized the EU's military spending for Ukraine, arguing it prolongs the conflict [4] - As of November 2024, EU aid to Ukraine has exceeded 80 billion euros, with rising domestic anti-aid sentiments in some member states due to issues like energy price increases and the influx of over a million refugees [4] Group 4: Russian Response - Russia has reacted strongly, claiming that any seizure of its assets amounts to theft and threatening reciprocal measures [4][6] - The Central Bank of Russia has initiated legal action against Belgium's Euroclear, which holds a significant portion of Russian assets, indicating a prolonged judicial conflict [4] - Russia's spokesperson warned that the EU's actions could destroy trust in the international financial system, with potential retaliatory measures in energy and food sectors [4][6] Group 5: Future Implications - The EU Commission has not yet responded to the warnings from the four countries, but increasing member state divisions and Russia's strong counteractions suggest that the plan to aid Ukraine through frozen assets may not proceed as originally scheduled [6] - The situation surrounding the frozen Russian assets not only impacts Ukraine's economic stability but also poses significant implications for EU unity and the stability of the global financial order [6]

新华社北京12月22日电（记者袁睿、刘杨）针对美方近日在委内瑞拉附近海域又扣押一艘油轮，外交部 发言人林剑22日在例行记者会上表示，美方随意扣押他国船只行径严重违反国际法。 12月10日，美国在委内瑞拉附近海域武力扣押一艘油轮，宣布将没收所载石油。委方谴责这是"国际海 盗行为"。美国总统特朗普16日下令对所有进出委内瑞拉的受美国制裁油轮实施"全面彻底的封锁"。特 朗普19日在接受媒体采访时称，将继续扣押更多油轮。 有记者问：12月21日，美国国土安全部长诺姆证实，美国海岸警卫队于当地时间20日凌晨扣押一艘油 轮。美白宫副新闻秘书凯利表示该油轮属于委内瑞拉用于运输"被偷窃"石油的"影子船队"。中方对此有 何评论？ 林剑表示，中方一贯反对缺乏国际法依据、未经联合国安理会授权的非法单边制裁，反对任何违反联合 国宪章宗旨和原则、侵犯别国主权安全的行为，反对一切单边霸凌行径。"委内瑞拉有权利自主发展同 其他国家的互利合作，相信国际社会理解和支持委内瑞拉维护自身正当权益的立场。" ...

俄罗斯与委内瑞拉外长通电话 约定开展密切双边合作 中新网12月23日电 综合报道，当地时间22日，俄罗斯外长拉夫罗夫与委内瑞拉外长希尔就加勒比地区 局势升级进行电话交谈，声援委内瑞拉，并表示将在联合国开展密切的双边合作及协调。 当天，希尔在社交媒体上证实了此次通话。 希尔表示，委俄外长讨论了近来美国在加勒比地区袭击船只、法外处决以及"海盗行为"等公然违反国际 法的行径，俄方将全力支持委应对封锁以及在联合国安理会采取相应行动。 希尔说，俄方表达了对委内瑞拉人民和总统马杜罗的声援，支持委内瑞拉捍卫国际法以及拉美和加勒比 国家共同体《宣布拉美和加勒比为和平区的公告》的原则。 据此前报道，近期，美国以"缉毒"为由，在委内瑞拉附近加勒比海域部署多艘军舰，在加勒比海和东太 平洋击沉约30艘所谓"贩毒船"，造成逾百人死亡，但美政府并未披露任何能够证明相关目标涉毒的证 据。 来源：中国新闻网 编辑：陈俊明 图片来源：俄罗斯外交部官网截图 俄罗斯外交部官网消息称，拉夫罗夫对美国在加勒比海日益升级的行动表示严重关切，指出这些行动对 国际航运构成威胁。 俄外交部说，在当前形势下，俄方将全面支持和声援委内瑞拉领导人和人民。两国外长约 ...

Core Viewpoint - Venezuelan President Maduro condemns the United States for using energy as a weapon of war and political coercion, urging regional leaders to unite against these actions [1] Group 1: U.S. Actions and Impact - Maduro accuses the U.S. of imposing a blockade on Venezuela's oil trade, which he claims affects international energy supply and stability [1] - The blockade and U.S. actions are said to impact not only Venezuela but also the broader Latin American and Caribbean regions, as well as the global economy [1] Group 2: Call for Unity and Response - Maduro calls for collective action among Latin American and Caribbean nations to respond to U.S. military threats and piracy [1] - He warns that allowing the U.S. to continue its unilateral actions could jeopardize regional stability and global energy security [1] - A proposal is made to initiate a multilateral mechanism to investigate, sanction, and prevent U.S. actions [1]

新华社莫斯科/加拉加斯12月22日电（记者包诺敏 田睿）俄罗斯外长拉夫罗夫22日与委内瑞拉外长 希尔就加勒比地区局势升级进行电话交谈，声援委内瑞拉，并表示将在联合国开展密切的双边合作及协 调。 据俄罗斯外交部消息，拉夫罗夫对美国在加勒比海日益升级的行动表示严重关切，指出这些行动对 国际航运构成威胁。 俄外交部说，在当前形势下，俄方将全面支持和声援委内瑞拉领导人和人民。两国外长约定继续在 国际平台，特别是联合国开展密切的双边合作和协调行动。 当天，希尔证实他与拉夫罗夫通电话，俄方表示将全力支持委内瑞拉应对美国方面的封锁。 希尔在社交媒体上说，委俄外长讨论了近来美国在加勒比地区袭击船只、法外处决以及"海盗行 为"等公然违反国际法的行径，俄方将全力支持委应对封锁以及在联合国安理会采取相应行动。 自本月10日以来，美国已三次在委内瑞拉附近海域对涉委油轮实施拦截行动。美媒援引石油运输监 测机构"油轮追踪"网站数据报道，目前有数十艘被列入美国制裁名单的油轮停留在委内瑞拉附近海域。 数月来，美方以打击"毒品恐怖主义"为由，在委内瑞拉附近加勒比海域部署大规模海空兵力，迄今 在加勒比海和东太平洋击沉约30艘美方所谓"贩毒船"， ...

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government strongly opposes the unilateral sanctions imposed by the United States, particularly the recent seizure of a Venezuelan oil tanker by the U.S. Coast Guard, which is viewed as a violation of international law [1] Group 1: U.S. Actions - The U.S. Coast Guard seized a tanker on December 20, which was reportedly transporting "stolen" oil for Venezuela's "shadow team" [1] - The U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security confirmed the seizure, indicating a direct action against Venezuelan oil operations [1] Group 2: China's Response - The Chinese government condemns the U.S. for its arbitrary seizure of foreign vessels, asserting that such actions violate international law [1] - China emphasizes its opposition to unilateral sanctions that lack legal basis and are not authorized by the United Nations Security Council [1] - The Chinese stance supports Venezuela's right to develop mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries [1]

Core Viewpoint - Japanese Prime Minister Kishi Nobuo's remarks regarding Taiwan have drawn international attention, as they are seen as interference in China's internal affairs and a challenge to the post-war international order [1][2][3] Group 1: Legal Basis of Taiwan's Status - Taiwan is an inseparable part of China's territory, supported by international law, with historical claims dating back to China's discovery and administrative control [2] - The Cairo Declaration of 1943 and the Potsdam Declaration of 1945 reaffirm that Taiwan must be returned to China, establishing a legal framework for Taiwan's status [2] - The UN Resolution 2758 in 1971 recognized the People's Republic of China as the sole legitimate representative of China, further solidifying the international consensus on Taiwan's status [2] Group 2: Violations of International Law - Kishi's comments classify Taiwan as a "foreign country," which violates the UN Charter's principles of non-interference and prohibition of the threat of force [3][4] - The remarks contradict Japan's commitments under the 1972 Sino-Japanese Joint Statement, which acknowledges the PRC as the only legitimate government of China and respects its stance on Taiwan [3] - Kishi's interpretation of Taiwan as a "foreign country" undermines the post-war international order and Japan's obligations under international law [3][4] Group 3: China's Legal Response - China has sufficient legal grounds to defend its sovereignty and can take multiple measures against Japan, including demanding a retraction of Kishi's statements and public apology [4] - If Japan continues military expansion or attempts to intervene in the Taiwan Strait, China may invoke the UN Charter to take necessary actions without prior UN Security Council authorization [4] - China can implement countermeasures against Japanese companies involved in Taiwan-related issues, including export controls and restrictions on military exchanges [4]

转自：成都日报锦观 美方20日证实，美国海岸警卫队当天在委内瑞拉附近海域扣押了一艘油轮，这是美近期在委附近海域扣押的第二艘油轮。委内瑞拉、古巴立 即谴责美方这一行为。伊朗方面表示，愿与委方在对抗美国威胁方面开展合作。 委内瑞拉： "海盗行为"触犯国际法 美国国土安全部长诺姆在社交媒体上发文称，美国海岸警卫队20日凌晨在国防部支持下，扣押了一艘"此前停靠在委内瑞拉的油轮"。 据美国全国广播公司报道，此次行动由海岸警卫队主导，美军方提供支援，包括派遣直升机运送海岸警卫队人员并进行空中侦察。 委内瑞拉副总统兼石油部长罗德里格谴责说，美方这一严重的"海盗行为"触犯了国际法。美国政府企图强加给委内瑞拉的殖民主义模式终将失 败。委政府将诉诸联合国安理会和其他多边组织以采取相应行动。 10天内第2次 美又在委内瑞拉海域扣押油轮 12月10日，美国在委内瑞拉附近海域武力扣押一艘油轮。新华社发 愿与委方合作对抗美国威胁 委内瑞拉外长希尔20日在社交媒体发文说，他与伊朗外长阿拉格齐就加勒比地区近期事态及委内瑞拉石油船只被扣押等情况通了电话，伊方 表示愿与委方在对抗美国威胁方面开展合作。 希尔在帖文中写道，他接到阿拉格齐的电话，" ...