"强大的制造业+理性的房地产"当然是最佳选择，但谁都不是神仙，做不到那么精准。如果自我安慰，中国今天没有走向" 孱弱的制造业+ 泡沫化的房地 说到中国制造，上周我参加第一财经等机构主办的"2025 A股上市公司成长力年会"，有两家公司的故事印象很深刻。 把话说透了，就是我们过去是取得了空前的增长，但也是有代价的。房地产的透支就是代价。现在要还债，而且是一大笔债，当然很辛苦。 在房地产狂飙期，很多人担心房地产会"挤出"制造业。辩证来看，房地产其实也为制造业发展做了不小贡献。因为地方政府为发展制造业，在基础设施、 工业用地、用电、设备投资、厂房建设、用工培训等方面给予了制造企业不少优惠或补贴，帮助其降低了总成本。 而政府不可能只出不进。从哪里进？就是出让商业用地，尤其是通过招投标，高价出让住宅用地。政府在商业用地上的所得，有相当部分用于改善投资环 境和支持制造业。 一家是华明装备，主营业务是变压器的核心组件——分接开关。近年来，AI应用快速普及，全球用电需求激增，缺口巨大，带动电力设备进入上行周 期。美国因为电网更新换代、制造业回流和AI算力扩张，对电力设备更有巨大需求。 从上周""开始写"年终经济观察"，准备写 ...

Core Viewpoint - Japanese automakers are facing significant challenges in the Chinese market, with declining sales and increased competition from electric vehicles, leading to drastic price cuts and structural adjustments [5][6][9]. Group 1: Market Performance - Japanese cars held nearly a quarter of the Chinese market share in 2020, but by 2024, their overall market share has dropped by over 10 percentage points compared to 2020 [4][5]. - Nissan's sales in China for January to April 2023 were 167,600 units, a decline of 24.6% year-on-year, while Honda's sales were 202,000 units, down 28% [6][8]. - The new models from Nissan and Honda, such as the N7 and S7, have seen poor sales performance, with retail numbers of 665 and 373 units respectively in their first month [11]. Group 2: Strategic Adjustments - Nissan announced a global workforce reduction of 20,000 employees by the 2027 fiscal year, representing 15% of its total workforce, and plans to reduce its global factories from 17 to 10 [8]. - Honda has also initiated large-scale layoffs, affecting over a thousand employees, as part of its restructuring efforts [9]. - Toyota's sales in the same period were 530,100 units, a 7.7% increase, but this growth is seen as unsustainable due to heavy discounting on key models [9][10]. Group 3: Consumer Perception and Product Development - Consumers express dissatisfaction with Japanese cars, citing a lack of innovation and technology compared to domestic brands, which are perceived as more aligned with modern preferences [10][14]. - Japanese automakers are attempting to localize production and technology by partnering with Chinese companies like CATL and Huawei to enhance their electric vehicle offerings [15][16]. - Despite efforts to adapt, there is skepticism about the commitment to electric vehicle development, as seen in Honda's recent decision to cut its electric vehicle investment plan [16][17].