你所在公司/店铺“五险一金”的缴纳情况如何？ ...

Group 1 - The concept of "Five Insurances and One Fund" includes pension insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, work injury insurance, maternity insurance, and housing provident fund [7] - Pension insurance provides basic living security, allowing individuals to receive monthly pensions after contributing for 15-20 years and reaching retirement age [3][4] - Medical insurance can be used immediately after purchase, significantly reducing out-of-pocket expenses for medical treatments [5] Group 2 - Unemployment insurance in Shenzhen allows individuals who have contributed for at least one year to apply for benefits if they are involuntarily unemployed, with a maximum benefit period of 24 months [9][11][12] - Work injury insurance covers compensation for injuries sustained during work or commuting, including medical expenses and wage compensation during recovery [13][17] - The housing provident fund can be seen as an additional salary, as both employees and employers contribute, and it can be used for down payments on homes with lower interest rates compared to commercial loans [16][18]

Core Viewpoint - The recent judicial interpretation by the Supreme Court invalidates any agreements between employers and employees regarding the non-payment of social insurance fees, emphasizing that social insurance is a legal obligation akin to taxation [1][3][4]. Summary by Sections Legal Implications - Any agreement to avoid social insurance payments, whether initiated by employers or employees, will be deemed invalid after September 1, 2023, significantly increasing the cost of avoiding social insurance for employers [3][4]. - The Supreme Court's stance highlights the legal necessity of social insurance, reinforcing its mandatory nature for both employers and employees [4]. Current Social Insurance Landscape - As of 2024, China has approximately 734 million employed individuals, but only about 246 million, or 33.5%, are fully covered by social insurance [4]. - The social insurance system in China, which includes five types of insurance and housing fund, has been historically mandatory since its inception [5][6]. Financial Aspects - The minimum social insurance contribution in Beijing for 2024 totals approximately 2,524 yuan per month, with individuals contributing around 716 yuan if they are self-employed [6]. - The 2024 national social insurance fund budget anticipates revenues of 11.89 trillion yuan, a 5.2% increase, against expenditures of 10.61 trillion yuan, indicating a surplus of 1.29 trillion yuan [10]. Demographic Challenges - China is facing a demographic shift with a significant increase in retirees, projected to exceed 20 million annually, while the potential labor supply is only about 17-18 million per year [13][14]. - The imbalance between the growing retired population and the working-age population poses a long-term challenge for the social insurance system [14]. Government Measures - The government is exploring various strategies to address the funding gap in the social insurance system, including increasing fiscal subsidies and reallocating funds from wealthier provinces to support less affluent regions [15][16]. - There is a focus on enhancing compliance with social insurance payments among employers, which may lead to increased operational costs for businesses, particularly in low-margin sectors [17][18]. Future Considerations - The current social insurance system may require further improvements to enhance its attractiveness and coverage, especially for younger, mobile workers [20][21]. - The necessity of social insurance is framed not only as a legal obligation but also as a long-term investment for individuals, with potential benefits in times of need [21].

Employment Procedures for Graduates - Graduates with confirmed employment should sign labor contracts promptly and follow up on social security contributions, as well as complete household registration and organizational relationship transfer procedures within the stipulated time [2][3] - Graduates without confirmed employment can retain their household registration and archives at the school for two years or transfer them to their original household registration location. They can register for job search services at local employment agencies or online platforms to access job information and career guidance [3][5] Archive Management - Archives should not be personally retained; they must be managed by educational institutions or relevant employment agencies. If a graduate has their archive, they should contact their original school for proper transfer [4][5][6] Labor Contract Essentials - Labor contracts must include essential clauses such as the employer's name, employee's details, contract duration, job description, working hours, salary, social insurance, and other legal requirements. Additional terms like probation, training, and benefits can also be included [7][8] Social Insurance and Housing Fund - The "Five Insurances and One Fund" include pension, medical, unemployment, work injury, maternity insurance, and housing provident fund, which provide various forms of financial support. The contribution rates for these insurances vary by region and should be verified before signing a labor contract [9]