（37）促进高质量充分就业。深入实施就业优先战略，健全就业促进机制，构建就业友好型发展方式。加强产业和就业协同，积极培育新职业新岗位，支持企业稳岗扩岗。完善人力资源供需匹配机制，健全终身职业技能培训制度，强化择业和用人观念引导，着力解决结构性就业矛盾。完善就业支持和公共服务体系，稳定和扩大高校毕业生、农民工、退役军人等重点群体就业，推动灵活就业、新就业形态健康发展。加大创业支持力度，增强创业带动就业效应。完善劳动标准体系和劳动关系协商协调机制，加强劳动者权益保障，营造公平有序就业环境。完善就业影响评估和监测预警，综合应对外部环境变化和新技术发展对就业的影响。（38）完善收入分配制度。坚持按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存，提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。健全各类要素由市场评价贡献、按贡献决定报酬的初次分配机制，促进多劳者多得、技高者多得、创新者多得。完善劳动者工资决定、合理增长、支付保障机制，推行工资集体协商制度，健全最低工资标准调整机制，加强企业工资分配宏观指导。多渠道增加城乡居民财产性收入。加强税收、社会保障、转移支付等再分配调节。促进和规范公益慈善事业发展。规范收入分配 ...

Employment Situation - The employment situation during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period is generally stable, with a total of 59.21 million new urban jobs created, exceeding the target of 55 million [2][3] - The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security has implemented various measures to support employment, including actions for advanced manufacturing, small and medium enterprises, and the elderly economy [2] Skills Training - Over 42 million enterprise employees and over 31 million migrant workers have received subsidized vocational skills training during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [3] - A large-scale vocational skills enhancement training program is planned to train 30 million people over three years, with specific actions for different groups [3] Social Security Funds - The three main social insurance funds (basic pension, unemployment, and work injury) have maintained a surplus, with a cumulative balance of 9.81 trillion yuan as of the end of August [7] - The basic pension insurance fund has achieved positive returns for eight consecutive years since its investment operation began in 2016, with an average annual return rate of 5.15% [7] Insurance Coverage - The number of people covered by basic pension insurance has reached 1.072 billion, with a participation rate exceeding 95% [6] - The pilot program for occupational injury insurance for new employment forms has expanded to 17 provinces, covering over 20 million new employment form workers [5][6]

Core Insights - Multiple provinces have reported issues related to the auditing of pension insurance funds, highlighting common problems such as fraud and improper disbursement of pension benefits [1][2] Group 1: Fraudulent Activities - In one province, from 2022 to 2024, 48 counties in 2 cities improperly disbursed pension benefits amounting to 2.4148 million yuan to 505 deceased individuals [2] - A city’s financial audit revealed that due to lax review by social security agencies, pension benefits totaling 19.5433 million yuan were issued to incarcerated individuals and deceased persons [2] - The prevalence of fraudulent claims, such as those from deceased or incarcerated individuals, indicates significant systemic flaws in the verification processes for pension disbursement [2] Group 2: Systemic Issues - The inability to promptly access and share information regarding the death of retirees, especially those living abroad, contributes to the ongoing issue of pension payments continuing after an individual has passed away [2] - Weak inter-departmental collaboration and inadequate verification of eligibility for pension benefits create opportunities for fraudulent claims [2] - The pension disbursement process involves multiple departments and stages, and any failure in these processes can lead to financial losses [2] Group 3: Accountability and Reform - There is a need for strict accountability measures against social security personnel who exhibit negligence or collude to fraudulently obtain pension funds [3] - The legitimacy and fairness of pension disbursement are crucial for social equity and the well-being of numerous families [3] - Addressing issues of fraud and ensuring compliance in pension distribution is essential to maintain public trust in social security systems [4]

Group 1 - The concept of "Five Insurances and One Fund" includes pension insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, work injury insurance, maternity insurance, and housing provident fund [7] - Pension insurance provides basic living security, allowing individuals to receive monthly pensions after contributing for 15-20 years and reaching retirement age [3][4] - Medical insurance can be used immediately after purchase, significantly reducing out-of-pocket expenses for medical treatments [5] Group 2 - Unemployment insurance in Shenzhen allows individuals who have contributed for at least one year to apply for benefits if they are involuntarily unemployed, with a maximum benefit period of 24 months [9][11][12] - Work injury insurance covers compensation for injuries sustained during work or commuting, including medical expenses and wage compensation during recovery [13][17] - The housing provident fund can be seen as an additional salary, as both employees and employers contribute, and it can be used for down payments on homes with lower interest rates compared to commercial loans [16][18]

Fiscal Revenue and Expenditure - In the first half of the year, the national general public budget revenue reached 11.56 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 0.3%, with the decline narrowing by 0.8 percentage points compared to the first quarter [1] - National general public budget expenditure was 14.13 trillion yuan, showing a year-on-year increase of 3.4% [1] - Overall, fiscal operations have remained stable, characterized by a gradual recovery in tax revenue, a decline in non-tax revenue growth, income growth in most regions, and increased fiscal spending in key areas [1] Employment and Social Security - The Ministry of Finance has allocated 667.4 billion yuan in employment support funds, emphasizing social security as a priority area for fiscal spending [2] - Policies include reducing unemployment and work injury insurance rates, increasing unemployment insurance subsidies, and expanding social insurance subsidies to stabilize jobs and support employment for college graduates [2] - The basic pension for retirees has been increased by 2%, and the minimum standard for urban and rural residents' basic pensions has been raised by 20 yuan [2] Healthcare and Public Health - The per capita fiscal subsidy standard for basic public health services has been increased by 5 yuan, reaching 99 yuan per person per year [3] - The per capita fiscal subsidy for urban and rural residents' medical insurance has been raised by 30 yuan, totaling 700 yuan per person per year [3] - A total of 552.2 billion yuan has been allocated for related subsidies this year to enhance medical assistance and reduce the financial burden on vulnerable groups [3] Consumer Spending Initiatives - The "old-for-new" consumption policy has been a key initiative to boost consumer spending, with 1.6 trillion yuan in sales for items like automobiles and home appliances [4] - Retail sales of household appliances and audio-visual equipment, cultural office supplies, communication equipment, and furniture have seen year-on-year growth rates of 30.7%, 25.4%, 24.1%, and 22.9% respectively [4] - The Ministry of Finance plans to accelerate the introduction of policies to stimulate consumer spending and improve the consumption environment [4][5]

Core Viewpoint - The pension insurance contributions made by employers do not go into individual accounts but are instead allocated to the pension insurance pooling fund, as clarified by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security [1]. Summary by Relevant Sections - **Pension Insurance Contributions**: Employer contributions to pension insurance are recorded in the basic pension insurance pooling fund, which is used to pay basic pensions and transitional pensions, reflecting social equity and mutual assistance [1]. - **Individual Accounts**: Employees are required to contribute to their basic pension insurance, which is credited to their individual accounts. This system emphasizes the principle of "more contributions lead to more benefits," highlighting individual rights and responsibilities [1].