一方面，作为收入分配调节器，社会保障体系通过再分配机制缩小收入差距，调节社会分配格局，体现 了社会主义的公平正义，维护了社会和谐与稳定。另一方面，健全的社会保障体系能够为劳动者提供稳 定的预期，降低个人和家庭的风险，激发生产创新积极性，进一步增强经济活力。因此，健全社会保障 体系不仅是一项民生工程，更是一项事关国家长治久安的战略性安排。 "十四五"时期，社会保障事业发展进入快车道。企业职工基本养老保险实现全国统筹，失业保险、工伤 保险实现省级统筹，建立实施个人养老金制度，创新开展职业伤害保障试点，社会保障体系日趋完 善。"十四五"以来，全国基本养老保险参保率超过95%，养老、失业、工伤三项社会保险基金收支总规 模70.8万亿元，累计结余9.8万亿元，保障功能更全面、基金家底更厚实。 制图：彭章霞 "民生"是"十五五"时期改革的重点方向之一。"十五五"规划建议提出"加大保障和改善民生力度，扎实 推进全体人民共同富裕"，并明确提出"健全社会保障体系"这一具体部署。 社会保障体系是人民生活的"安全网"和社会运行的"稳定器"，健全的社会保障体系对于维护社会公平、 增进民生福祉、促进经济社会发展具有重要作用。 从这个角 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights the importance of long-term care insurance (LTCI) in addressing the needs of elderly individuals with disabilities and dementia, emphasizing its role in enhancing the caregiving system and expanding rehabilitation and palliative care services [1] Group 1: Long-Term Care Insurance Overview - Long-term care insurance is a significant social insurance system in China aimed at providing care services for individuals who are unable to care for themselves due to aging, illness, or disability, recognized as the "sixth insurance" after five major social insurances [1] - Eligible individuals can choose to receive care services at designated institutions or through home care provided by these institutions [1] Group 2: Implementation in Ningbo - Ningbo has been a pilot city for LTCI since 2017, and in 2023, it expanded the coverage to include all age groups of insured individuals, establishing a comprehensive system for funding, demand assessment, benefit payment, service provision, and management [2] - An individual named Wu Haoliang, classified as a severe disability level I, pays only 30 yuan annually to receive 20 hours of home care services each month [2] Group 3: Impact on Individuals - The article illustrates the positive impact of LTCI on individuals like Wu Haoliang, who, despite facing severe health challenges, found hope and support through professional care services [2][3] - The professional caregivers, such as Dai Xingdi, play a crucial role in not only providing physical care but also in supporting the psychological well-being of the individuals they care for, highlighting the difference between professional care and family care [3] - Over 47,000 individuals in Ningbo have benefited from LTCI, with more than 6% of them being individuals under 60 years old with severe disabilities, showcasing the program's broad and inclusive nature [3]

在复旦大学教授封进看来，当前养老保险依赖财政补贴的空间日益受限，叠加少子化、老龄化加剧的人 口结构变化，创新筹资模式势在必行。 社会保障体系还可在调节收入分配、应对技术变革和健全制度设计等方面发挥更加积极的作用。武汉大 学教授张奇林认为，社会保障作为重要的调节工具，需要改革存在"逆向调节"的项目，比如推动医保筹 资标准与居民收入挂钩，避免加重中低收入群体负担。"既要推动人工智能等技术在养老、残疾照护等 社会保障服务中的应用，也要通过教育培训解决新技术带来的就业结构性矛盾。"张奇林说，应尽快总 结提升在"十四五"时期经试点已相对成熟的制度，形成全国统一方案并推广实施，加快健全多层次社会 保障体系。 中国式现代化离不开健全的社会保障体系，走向共同富裕更需社会保障体系的坚实支撑。党的二十届四 中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》提出，"十五 五"时期，社会保障制度更加优化更可持续。如何持续完善社会保障体系？哪些领域是关键突破口？ 与经济增长同频共振 社会保障作为普惠性、基础性、兜底性制度安排，在我国经济快速发展和社会长期稳定中发挥着不可或 缺的作用。我国已建成世界上规模最大的 ...

优化长护险筹资机制，让机制运转更高效，监管体系更透明，长护险才能真正守护"老有所养"。 优化长护险筹资机制，首先要减负。一方面，可根据不同群体建立差异化缴费机制，职工群体由单位与 个人共同分担，城乡居民由政府与个人共担，明确各方主体责任；另一方面，打通资金流通壁垒，提高 资金利用效率，允许医保个人账户余额支付保费。同时通过连续参保激励机制、真实案例宣传等方式增 强公众信任与参保意愿，让居民感到长护险是保障，而非额外负担。 构建多层次保障体系，引导多元主体共同参与。在基本长护险制度基础上，鼓励商业保险公司开发多样 化长护险产品，满足群众差异化需求。同时，发挥慈善基金、福彩公益金等社会力量的补充作用，建 立"基本保险为主体、商业保险和公益基金为补充"的多元协同机制，让更多资源共同汇入养老与护理服 务领域。 优化资金管理，健全监管和绩效评估体系。长护险资金量大、周期长，必须做到"用得其所"。在设立专 业机构负责资金分配与监管工作的同时，也需第三方审计与动态评估制度的协同配合，防止虚假护理、 套取补贴等现象。此外，还应加快推进数字化监管，利用大数据对资金流向、服务质量进行实时监测， 确保每一分资金都切实用于失能群体的 ...

Core Points - The article emphasizes the importance of promoting high-quality and sufficient employment as part of China's modernization efforts, with a focus on improving social security systems and enhancing people's livelihoods [1][2][3] Employment Achievements - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China has achieved significant employment stability, with a total of 60.32 million new urban jobs created by September 2023, exceeding the target of 55 million [2] - The average urban survey unemployment rate over the past four years was 5.3%, which is below the expected control target [2] - The quality of employment has improved, with effective protection of labor rights [2] Social Security System - China has established the world's largest and most comprehensive social security system, with a basic pension insurance coverage rate exceeding 95% [2] - The total scale of pension, unemployment, and work injury insurance funds reached 70.8 trillion yuan, with a cumulative surplus of 9.8 trillion yuan [2] Employment Strategies - The government plans to implement a series of policies to promote high-quality employment, focusing on creating more quality jobs in emerging sectors such as digital economy and high-end manufacturing [4][5] - There is a commitment to address structural employment issues by enhancing vocational training and improving the matching of labor supply and demand [5] Social Security Reform - The article outlines the need for continuous reform of the social security system to enhance its sustainability, equity, and accessibility [7][8] - Plans include developing a multi-tiered pension system and increasing the coverage of social insurance for flexible workers and new employment forms [8] Human Resource Development - The government aims to transform demographic advantages into talent advantages by enhancing human resource development and promoting a skilled workforce [9][10] - There will be a focus on improving the relevance of talent training and implementing reforms in talent development mechanisms [10][11]

Core Points - The U.S. Supreme Court temporarily blocked a lower court's order requiring the federal government to fully pay November's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits [1] - The Rhode Island federal district court had mandated that the government must pay the full amount by November 7, but the Trump administration sought to partially pay the benefits instead [1] - The Supreme Court issued a two-day administrative stay to allow more time for the First Circuit Court of Appeals to review the government's request [1] Group 1 - The SNAP program has been suspended since November 1 due to depleted funds, with the USDA planning to use emergency funds to maintain 65% of the benefits for November [2] - SNAP is a crucial part of the U.S. social safety net, covering 42 million people, which is about one-eighth of the U.S. population, with most recipients living below the poverty line [2] - Monthly expenditures for the SNAP program exceed $8 billion, marking the first time in 60 years that benefits have been halted, even during federal government shutdowns [2]

Core Viewpoint - Sichuan Province has made significant progress in improving and guaranteeing people's livelihoods during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, focusing on employment, social security, and health, with substantial investments leading to tangible results [1][2][3][4] Employment - Over 5 million new urban jobs were created in Sichuan over the past five years, with more than 1.45 million unemployed individuals finding re-employment [2] - A comprehensive employment stabilization policy was implemented, with over 20 billion yuan allocated for employment subsidies and over 9 billion yuan for job retention funds, effectively reducing the burden on enterprises [2] - An average of over 1.2 million market-oriented jobs were created annually in sectors such as artificial intelligence, cultural tourism, and modern logistics, supporting over 2.4 million jobs through entrepreneurship initiatives [2] Social Security - Sichuan has deepened social security system reforms, establishing a multi-tiered social security system that covers all citizens and ensures fairness and sustainability [3] - The number of participants in basic pension insurance reached 66.02 million, while basic medical insurance, unemployment insurance, and work injury insurance covered 81.23 million, 12 million, and 16.55 million individuals, respectively [3] - The minimum standards for urban and rural basic living allowances increased by 40% and 59% compared to the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, enhancing the sense of security among the populace [4] Health - Significant improvements in public health were noted, with a decisive victory in COVID-19 prevention and a continuous decline in new AIDS cases over five years [4] - The average life expectancy in Sichuan reached 78.8 years, an increase of 1.24 years from the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" [4] - The province has expanded high-quality medical resources and improved public health services for vulnerable groups, ensuring better access to healthcare [4]

新华财经华盛顿11月3日电（记者杨伶熊茂伶）美国联邦政府"停摆"3日进入第34天，距35天的"停摆"最 长历史纪录仅"一日之遥"。特朗普政府当天表示，将动用应急资金维持本月"补充营养援助计划"一半救 济金的发放，但一些州可能需要数周甚至数月时间才能恢复发放。 因资金耗尽，"补充营养援助计划"本月1日起暂停发放救济金。这一联邦食品救济项目由美国农业部监 管，每月支出超过80亿美元。据美国媒体报道，这是"补充营养援助计划"设立60年来首次停发救济金， 以往即便在联邦政府"停摆"期间也没停发过。 美国农业部分管食品、营养和消费者服务的副部长帮办帕特里克·佩恩3日在一份提交法院的文件中表 示，农业部将动用一笔46.5亿美元的应急资金，用于11月份食品救济金发放，但只能满足当前需求的 50%。佩恩强调，农业部不会从其他渠道筹集资金弥补"补充营养援助计划"资金缺口。 佩恩说，农业部即日起向各州提供计算向每户部分发放救济金的详细方案。然而，由于"程序上的困 难"，一些州可能需要数周甚至数月时间才能完成所有系统变更，从而发放减少后的救济金。 作为美国社会保障体系的重要组成部分，"补充营养援助计划"覆盖4200万人，约占全美总 ...

（37）促进高质量充分就业。深入实施就业优先战略，健全就业促进机制，构建就业友好型发展方式。加强产业和就业协同，积极培育新职业新岗位，支持企业稳岗扩岗。完善人力资源供需匹配机制，健全终身职业技能培训制度，强化择业和用人观念引导，着力解决结构性就业矛盾。完善就业支持和公共服务体系，稳定和扩大高校毕业生、农民工、退役军人等重点群体就业，推动灵活就业、新就业形态健康发展。加大创业支持力度，增强创业带动就业效应。完善劳动标准体系和劳动关系协商协调机制，加强劳动者权益保障，营造公平有序就业环境。完善就业影响评估和监测预警，综合应对外部环境变化和新技术发展对就业的影响。（38）完善收入分配制度。坚持按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存，提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。健全各类要素由市场评价贡献、按贡献决定报酬的初次分配机制，促进多劳者多得、技高者多得、创新者多得。完善劳动者工资决定、合理增长、支付保障机制，推行工资集体协商制度，健全最低工资标准调整机制，加强企业工资分配宏观指导。多渠道增加城乡居民财产性收入。加强税收、社会保障、转移支付等再分配调节。促进和规范公益慈善事业发展。规范收入分配 ...

据新华社，中国共产党第二十届中央委员会第四次全体会议公报发布。全会提出，加大保障和改善民生 力度，扎实推进全体人民共同富裕。坚持尽力而为、量力而行，加强普惠性、基础性、兜底性民生建 设，解决好人民群众急难愁盼问题，畅通社会流动渠道，提高人民生活品质。要促进高质量充分就业， 完善收入分配制度，办好人民满意的教育，健全社会保障体系，推动房地产高质量发展，加快建设健康 中国，促进人口高质量发展，稳步推进基本公共服务均等化。 （文章来源：第一财经） ...