Core Viewpoint - The financial performance of Zhongjie Oil and Gas Co., Ltd. for the year 2024 shows a decline in revenue and net profit, with significant reliance on a few major clients for sales, particularly in the overseas oil and gas market [1][2]. Financial Performance - The company's 2024 operating revenue was CNY 2.548 billion, a decrease of 6.56% year-on-year [1]. - The net profit attributable to shareholders was CNY 488 million, down 61.61% year-on-year [1]. - The net profit after deducting non-recurring gains and losses was CNY 311 million, an increase of 42.38% year-on-year [1]. Client Dependency - The top five clients accounted for CNY 1.802 billion in sales, representing 70.73% of total revenue [1]. - The largest client, Vitol Energy Trading SA, contributed 56.2% of the company's total revenue [8][9]. Oil and Gas Development - The company's oil and gas resources are primarily located in Kazakhstan, specifically in the Caspian Basin, known for its rich oil and gas reserves [3][4]. - The company has successfully maintained a low comprehensive decline rate in oil production, achieving a total crude oil output of 247,300 tons for the year [4]. Sales and Revenue Recognition - The sales model includes both export and domestic sales within Kazakhstan, with revenue recognition based on the transfer of control at the point of shipment [5][6]. - For exports, revenue is recognized upon completion of loading and obtaining the shipping bill of lading [5]. Taxation and Cost Analysis - The company experienced a significant decrease in various taxes related to oil and gas sales in 2024 compared to 2023, including a 14.12% reduction in customs duties and a 13.89% reduction in export revenue tax [14][15]. - The average international oil price in 2024 was approximately USD 79.86 per barrel, down 2.49% from 2023 [15][16]. Fixed Assets and Investments - The fixed asset balance at the end of 2024 was CNY 156 million, an increase of 84.36% year-on-year, with cash payments for fixed assets, intangible assets, and other long-term assets totaling CNY 122 million [18]. - The company has been actively procuring fixed assets primarily in Kazakhstan, adhering to local procurement regulations [19].

Core Viewpoint - The main difference between trading financial assets and other equity investments lies in the treatment of fair value fluctuations and the adjustment logic for retained earnings upon derecognition [2]. Group 1: Accounting Treatment Differences - Fair value changes for trading financial assets are recognized in current profit and loss, directly impacting the income statement, while for other equity investments, they are recorded in other comprehensive income, not affecting current profit [1][2]. - Both types of investments recognize dividend or interest income through the investment income account [1]. - Trading financial assets do not require impairment provisions as their fair value fluctuations are reflected in current profit, whereas other equity investments typically do not require impairment unless there is a non-temporary decline in value [1]. Group 2: Disposal Accounting Treatment - The disposal difference for trading financial assets is recorded in investment income, affecting current profit, while for other equity investments, it is transferred to retained earnings, not impacting the income statement [1]. - Fair value changes previously recorded in other comprehensive income are also transferred to retained earnings upon disposal [1]. Group 3: Financial Statement Impact - Trading financial assets directly affect the income statement, increasing profit volatility, while other equity investments only impact the balance sheet, smoothing profits but reducing return on equity [1].