过去一年，铜、金、银等品种的快速上涨，重新点燃了市场对"大宗商品超级周期"的想象。但问题是：这轮上涨，究竟只是结构 性行情，还是一轮真正意义上的商品大牛市前奏？ 国联民生证券在最新发布的资产配置系列报告中，从1850年以来超过170年的长周期视角，对商品牛市的形成条件进行了系统复 盘，给出的结论并不激进，甚至略显克制——本轮商品周期尚未"走完必要步骤"。 国联民生证券指出，历史上真正的商品大牛市，往往并非始于繁荣，而是从经济低谷中诞生，并最终在经济过热甚至衰退中完成 定价。 百年复盘：真正的商品牛市，平均持续12年，但起点都很"冷" 国联民生证券基于 David Jacks 的实际商品价格指数，并结合 Christiano–Fitzgerald 滤波，对1850年以来的商品价格进行了长周期 分解，识别出5轮典型的商品上涨大周期。 这些周期有几个高度一致的特征： 更关键的是，每一轮商品大周期的起点，几乎都对应着一次经济低谷或危机后的阶段性"出清"： 平均持续约11.8年 剔除通胀后，实际商品价格平均上涨约79%，若考虑通胀，名义涨幅约125% 上涨并非线性，而是伴随宏观波动反复推进 1897年：长期通缩与工业调 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent trends in the precious metals market, particularly focusing on the shifts in fund positions as reported by the CFTC, highlighting the recovery of net long positions in palladium and the significant rise in silver prices, while also addressing the implications of potential interest rate changes by the Federal Reserve [2][27]. Group 1: Fund Positions and Market Trends - As of December 9, 2023, funds have increased their net long positions in various metals, with palladium finally recovering to a net long position after 164 weeks of being net short [2][7]. - Silver prices have surged by 132% this year, while the gold-silver ratio has dropped from 90.84 to 64.6, indicating a strong demand for physical silver [2][27]. - The net long position in silver has only increased by 66% year-to-date, suggesting that the rise in price is primarily driven by physical demand rather than speculative trading [2][27]. Group 2: Price Comparisons and Historical Context - Platinum has also seen a significant increase of 120% this year, but its valuation relative to silver is at a historical low, with one ounce of platinum currently able to exchange for only 29 ounces of silver [2][27]. - The article notes that historically, one ounce of platinum could be exchanged for over 60 ounces of silver, indicating that platinum is currently undervalued compared to silver [2][27]. Group 3: Federal Reserve and Economic Implications - The market is beginning to speculate on the possibility of the Federal Reserve starting to raise interest rates in 2027, despite current low probabilities [2][27]. - The article emphasizes the importance of monitoring the Federal Reserve's actions, particularly regarding interest rate changes, as they could significantly impact the ongoing commodity bull market [2][27]. - The likelihood of a rate cut in March 2024 has increased to 47%, and the probability for April has risen to 64.6%, indicating a shift in market expectations [26][27].