国务院新闻办公室近日发布《新时代的中国军控、裁军与防扩散》白皮书。中国坚定维护以联合国为核 心的国际军控体系，积极推动完善全球安全治理，是推进国际军控进程的重要力量。中国为何选择此时 发布白皮书？当前国际军控形势如何？中国在推进国际军控进程中发挥着怎样的重要作用？本报邀请中 国现代国际关系研究院军控研究中心主任郭晓兵进行解读。 及时回应时代之问 【背景】 白皮书指出，为全面阐释新时代中国军控、裁军与防扩散的政策实践，介绍外空、网络、人工智能等新 兴领域国际安全治理主张，展现中国维护世界和平与安全的坚定决心，呼吁世界各国携手推进国际军控 进程，中国政府特发布此白皮书。 【解读】 今年是中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，也是联合国成立80周年。旧的世界大战的记 忆逐渐远去，新的战争和冲突的风险正在上升。基于对战争惨祸反思而建立的战后国际安全秩序面临重 重挑战，国际军控、裁军和防扩散体系受到严重侵蚀。和平还是战争，对话还是对抗，共赢还是零和， 人类又一次站在历史的十字路口。中国新版军控白皮书就是在军控领域对这一时代之问的及时回应。 全球安全形势复杂 【背景】 白皮书指出，当今世界，国际战略格局加速调整 ...

Core Viewpoint - The white paper released by the Chinese government emphasizes its commitment to international arms control, disarmament, and non-proliferation, highlighting China's role in promoting global security and stability, particularly in the context of emerging fields like outer space, cyberspace, and artificial intelligence [1][2]. Summary by Sections International Security and Arms Control Situation - The first section of the white paper discusses the complex and severe international security landscape, noting that major power competition is undermining regional peace and security, leading to increased military spending and regional conflicts [2]. China's Policy Position on Arms Control - The white paper reaffirms China's policy of no first use of nuclear weapons and self-defense nuclear strategy, stating that China's nuclear development is a strategic choice made under specific historical circumstances, aimed at defense rather than aggression [3][4]. Constructive Participation in International Arms Control - China maintains its nuclear capabilities at the minimum level necessary for national security and has the least number of nuclear tests among nuclear-armed states, demonstrating a commitment to avoiding an arms race [3][4]. Leading International Security Governance in Emerging Fields - The white paper introduces China's arms control philosophy, emphasizing fairness, cooperation, balance, and effectiveness, and highlights the need for governance in emerging areas such as outer space, cyberspace, and artificial intelligence [5][6]. Strengthening Non-Proliferation and Peaceful Use of Technology - The document calls for nuclear-armed states to commit to treaties that prevent the first use of nuclear weapons and to refrain from threatening non-nuclear states, showcasing China's proactive stance in international arms control discussions [6][7]. Chemical Weapons Issue - The white paper urges Japan to thoroughly destroy chemical weapons left over from World War II, emphasizing the historical and legal responsibilities Japan holds under international law [8][9].

Core Viewpoint - The white paper emphasizes China's commitment to advancing international arms control, disarmament, and non-proliferation efforts, underlining its role as a constructive participant in global security governance [1][2]. Group 1: International Security and Arms Control - The white paper outlines the complex and severe international security and arms control situation, highlighting China's proactive stance in promoting global governance in this area [1]. - China, as a permanent member of the UN Security Council, actively maintains the authority and effectiveness of international arms control mechanisms and participates constructively in multilateral arms control processes in nuclear, biological, and chemical fields [2]. Group 2: Emerging Areas of International Security Governance - The white paper identifies outer space, cyberspace, and artificial intelligence as new strategic security focal points and emphasizes the need for a globally recognized governance framework in these emerging areas [2]. - China advocates for a governance system that enhances the representation and voice of developing countries, promoting broad consensus among nations [2]. Group 3: Non-Proliferation and Peaceful Use of Technology - The white paper stresses China's ongoing efforts to strengthen non-proliferation capabilities and actively participate in international non-proliferation processes [2]. - It promotes international cooperation for the peaceful use of technology and aims to improve global governance in non-proliferation [2].

Core Viewpoint - The white paper titled "China's Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation in the New Era" emphasizes China's commitment to advancing modernization under Xi Jinping's thought, promoting global initiatives, and contributing to international security and cooperation [2][3]. Group 1: International Security and Arms Control - The white paper outlines the complex and severe international security and arms control situation, highlighting China's role as a significant force in promoting global governance in arms control [3]. - China, as a permanent member of the UN Security Council, actively maintains the authority and effectiveness of international arms control mechanisms and participates constructively in multilateral arms control processes in nuclear, biological, and chemical fields [3]. Group 2: Emerging Areas of International Security Governance - The white paper identifies outer space, cyberspace, and artificial intelligence as new strategic security focal points and emphasizes the need for a globally recognized governance framework in these emerging areas [3]. - China advocates for a governance system that enhances the representation and voice of developing countries, promoting broad consensus among nations [3]. Group 3: Non-Proliferation and Peaceful Use of Technology - The white paper stresses China's ongoing efforts to strengthen non-proliferation capabilities and actively participate in international non-proliferation processes [3]. - China promotes international cooperation for the peaceful use of technology and aims to improve global governance in non-proliferation [3].

Core Viewpoint - China has actively participated in global security governance and has made significant contributions to international arms control, disarmament, and non-proliferation efforts, as highlighted in the white paper titled "Arms Control, Disarmament, and Non-Proliferation in the New Era" [1][2] Group 1: White Paper Overview - The white paper is the first arms control document released since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party, reflecting China's commitment to global security initiatives and governance [1] - It emphasizes President Xi Jinping's new thoughts and ideas on global security governance and international arms control, outlining China's positions in traditional arms control and emerging security governance [1] - The document provides a comprehensive assessment of the current international security and arms control landscape, detailing China's arms control policies and contributions to international efforts [1] Group 2: China's Commitment - China aims to enhance global security governance alongside all peace-loving nations, advocating for international fairness and justice [2] - The country is committed to advancing multilateral arms control processes and maintaining global strategic stability, contributing to a more certain and positive global environment [2] - The initiative aligns with the goal of building a community with a shared future for mankind [2]

Core Points - The Chinese government released a white paper titled "China's Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation in the New Era," marking the first comprehensive statement on these policies in 20 years [1][3] - The release coincides with significant anniversaries, including the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the establishment of the United Nations [3] Summary by Sections - **Background and Significance**: The white paper is significant due to the complex and severe international security and arms control situation, characterized by frequent local conflicts and an ongoing arms race [3] - **China's Position**: The document articulates China's views and policy proposals regarding the current international security and arms control landscape, emphasizing the country's constructive participation in international arms control processes over the past 20 years, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party [3] - **Global Responsibility**: The white paper highlights China's commitment to leading global security governance and maintaining international peace and security, showcasing its responsibility as a major power [3]

Core Points - The Chinese government has released the white paper titled "China's Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation in the New Era," marking the first arms control white paper since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party [1] - The white paper reflects China's commitment to global security governance and its role in promoting international arms control, disarmament, and non-proliferation efforts [1][2] - It emphasizes China's strategic judgment on the current international security and arms control situation, outlining its policies and contributions to these processes [2] Group 1 - The white paper introduces significant new thoughts and ideas from President Xi Jinping regarding global security governance and international arms control [2] - It highlights China's positions on traditional arms control and emerging security governance, showcasing its determination to strengthen arms control and maintain strategic stability [2] - The document asserts China's commitment to working with peace-loving nations to enhance global security governance and uphold international fairness and justice [2]

Core Viewpoint - The white paper titled "China's Arms Control, Disarmament, and Non-Proliferation in the New Era" emphasizes China's commitment to promoting international arms control and disarmament, contributing to global security, and advocating for a community with a shared future for mankind [3][4]. Group 1: International Security and Arms Control - The white paper highlights the complex and severe international security and arms control situation, asserting that China plays a significant role in advancing global governance in the arms control field [4]. - China, as a permanent member of the UN Security Council, actively maintains the authority and effectiveness of international arms control mechanisms and participates constructively in multilateral arms control processes in nuclear, biological, and chemical fields [4]. Group 2: Emerging Fields and Global Governance - The white paper identifies outer space, cyberspace, and artificial intelligence as new strategic security focal points and emphasizes the need for a global governance framework with broad consensus in these emerging areas [5]. - China advocates for enhancing the representation and voice of developing countries in the governance of emerging fields, promoting international cooperation for the peaceful use of technology [5]. Group 3: Non-Proliferation and Peaceful Use of Technology - The white paper stresses China's ongoing efforts to strengthen non-proliferation capabilities and actively participate in international non-proliferation processes [5]. - It promotes the idea that China's modernization path is one of peaceful development, contributing to global peace and security [5].