转自：新华财经 新华财经北京10月11日电（记者孙晶）数据，是天文学家与宇宙对话的桥梁。不论是深空探测带回的高分辨率影像，还是地面观测中捕捉的数千万颗星体光 谱，传统手段已无法应对浩瀚数据和庞杂需求。AI成为了处理巨量数据的利器，更被视作未来科研范式的革命引擎。 从海德堡马普天文研究所早期使用神经网络进行光谱分类，到今天AI大模型在天文研究中被寄予厚望，人工智能与天文学的融合，正从零星试探汇聚成洪 流。 然而，技术的飞跃也带来了哲学之问：AI的边界何在？它能否取代人类成为宇宙探索的主角？未来天文学家的角色是什么？通过对中国科学院国家天文 台、上海天文台、高能物理研究所和清华大学、北京大学、上海交通大学、之江实验室等十余家顶尖科研机构权威专家的深度访谈，我们试图勾勒出AI与 天文学融合的全景图，并深入剖析其背后的产业逻辑与人才命题。 2024年1月12日，全景镜头下的冰岛最北端的罕见极光，戴建峰摄 一、AI在天文科研发现中的"能与不能"？ 上海交通大学李政道研究所海铃计划首席科学家徐东莲基于南海中微子望远镜的水下实验总结，在大型深海多节点的精密设备上，AI的价值一方面能处理 复杂的深海信号，另外还可以监控预警探 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the transformative impact of AI on astronomy, particularly in telescope technology and observational paradigms [1] - It highlights the potential of AI to maintain international leadership in extreme cosmic detection [1] - The role of universities in enhancing survey capabilities through AI is emphasized, showcasing its influence on scientific research and education [1] Group 1: AI and Telescope Innovation - AI is expected to lower the costs of telescopes and potentially alter the fundamental design of these instruments [1] - The integration of AI in telescope technology could lead to significant advancements in astronomical observations [1] Group 2: AI's Role in Astronomy for Humanity - The article explores how AI can democratize astronomy, making it accessible to all of humanity [1] - It discusses the broader implications of astronomical technology innovations, including benefits for meteorology and low-altitude applications [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the mythological story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, highlighting their annual meeting on the Qixi Festival, while explaining the astronomical reality that the stars representing them, Altair and Vega, are moving further apart in the universe [1][3]. Group 1: Astronomical Context - The stars representing the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl are Altair (He Gu Er) and Vega (Zhi Nu Yi), located in the constellations Aquila and Lyra respectively [5][6]. - Altair is situated on the "eastern bank" of the Milky Way, while Vega is on the "western bank," currently about 16 light-years apart, with a distance increase of approximately 28.7 kilometers per second [8][10]. - The distance between the two stars is increasing at a rate of about one-seventeenth of their original distance each year, which is not observable to the naked eye [12]. Group 2: Future Astronomical Changes - Due to axial precession, Vega may regain its status as the North Star in over 10,000 years, as the Earth's axis will eventually point towards it again [12]. - If Vega becomes the North Star, it will occupy a relatively fixed position in the sky, making it easier to observe throughout the year, unlike its current seasonal visibility [12].

网友：近来，关于黑洞、月壤、"星际访客"等天文学话题常常引发网上热烈讨论。我很好奇，目前 天文学的发展到了什么水平？将如何影响我们的生活？ 编辑：这些话题很有趣也很有意义。本期院士讲科普，我们邀请中国科学院院士、中国科学院国家 天文台研究员赵刚，和大家聊聊探索宇宙的那些事。 天文学是人类认识宇宙的科学。当人类文明尚处于萌芽之际，日月经天、斗转星移就成为人类认识 自然环境的朴素工具，由此去思考"昼夜更替""寒来暑往"。这种自发的探索宇宙活动，始于人类对神秘 星空的好奇心和求知欲。 本世纪以来，天文学产生了一批思想深远、影响巨大的革命性成果。当代天文学正处于高速发展和 不断产生重大突破的黄金时代。天文学研究不断取得重大发现、开辟崭新方向，使人类对多尺度天体形 成与演化以及宇宙时空有了前所未有的新认识，加深了对宇宙自然法则之美的感知。 当代天文学以恒星、黑洞、星系和星系团、宇宙大尺度结构为研究对象，探索天体间的相互作用与 循环过程，发现宇宙中物质、能量、运动与时空规律，这些基础研究不断推动着人类文明的进程。 令人困惑的暗物质与暗能量等已超越现有粒子物理和引力理论体系，宇宙时空新理论呼之欲出。引 力波探测催生出很多高 ...

Core Viewpoint - The event "Astronomy Observation and Science Education Series" aims to enhance public interest in astronomy, particularly among youth, by providing hands-on experiences in stargazing and scientific exploration [2][5]. Group 1: Event Overview - The event was organized by a collaboration between the Guangdong Provincial High People's Court, the Provincial Party School, and Xueheng Education, held in Yiliu Town, Liyuan Yao Autonomous County [1]. - The event coincided with the peak of the Perseid meteor shower, providing an ideal opportunity for astronomical observation [4]. Group 2: Educational Impact - Astronomy is highlighted as a leading science that fosters major original discoveries and drives technological innovation, making it a strategic focus in national scientific development [2]. - The event featured engaging lectures by educators, aiming to unveil the mysteries of the universe and ignite scientific enthusiasm among participants, especially youth [2][5]. Group 3: Participant Experience - Participants, including over 30 students and parents, enjoyed a unique observational experience in a spacious park setting, which differed significantly from traditional classroom learning [4][6]. - Feedback from attendees indicated a high level of excitement and satisfaction with the outdoor observation experience [4]. Group 4: Future Plans - The event organizers plan to continue developing the astronomy observation base in Yiliu Town, offering diverse experiential projects to meet public demand for various astronomical activities [5]. - The initiative aligns with national efforts to prioritize science popularization alongside technological innovation, aiming to enhance public scientific literacy [5].