（央视财经《第一时间》）春节期间，不少人忙着走亲访友、熬夜娱乐，自身免疫力会悄然下降，这可 能给潜伏在体内的带状疱疹病毒有了可乘之机。这种被俗称为"缠腰龙"的疾病，不仅疼痛剧烈，还可能 留下长期后遗症。 专家提示：春节期间出现单侧神经痛或异常皮疹需立即就医。 转载请注明央视财经 编辑：潘煦 北京大学人民医院皮科主任医师 李厚敏：90%以上的成年人身体里都潜伏着这种病毒，当我们免疫力 下降到一定程度，免疫系统不能够抑制病毒增殖的时候，就会得带状疱疹，约三分之一的成人在这一辈 子中会得带状疱疹。 专家介绍，带状疱疹患者可能会出现这些症状：患者前期常出现轻度乏力、低热等全身不适，随之患处 皮肤会出现烧灼痛、刺痛或电击样神经痛，这一"先痛后疹"的表现易被误判为普通腰背痛、关节痛。数 日后，疼痛部位会先出现潮红斑，迅速发展为粟粒至黄豆大小的成簇丘疹，进而转为水疱，皮损严格沿 单侧周围神经呈带状排列，多分布在腰侧、胸背、头面部。疼痛是该病核心症状，程度剧烈且形式多 样，可表现为持续性烧灼痛、刀割样痛，或轻触即发的触发性疼痛，老年、体弱人群痛感更强烈。 刘女士今年57岁，一开始只是觉得脚和腰侧有点隐隐刺痛，结果第二天早上起 ...

春节期间，慢性病人群对于自己的健康管理难免有些松懈，不规律吃药甚至停药、血糖监测不及时等， 一方面既影响自身的疾病控制和管理，另一方面也为带状疱疹的侵袭带来了"可乘之机"。 以糖尿病为例，北京大学第一医院内分泌科主任医师郭晓蕙表示，糖尿病患者发生带状疱疹的风险比普 通人群增加60%。这两种疾病之间存在危险的"多重影响"。一方面，高血糖状态为水痘-带状疱疹病毒 激活创造了条件；另一方面，糖尿病患者罹患带状疱疹后，可能影响血糖控制，造成糖尿病管理难度增 加。患带状疱疹后的剧烈疼痛会引起血糖升高，研究显示：24%的糖尿病患者患带状疱疹后血糖控制恶 化。这样形成"血糖不稳-更易感染，感染后血糖更难控"的恶性循环，严重降低患者生活质量。 目前，带状疱疹的治疗仍以抗病毒、止痛、营养神经为主。虽然抗病毒药物治疗可以一定程度上缩短皮 疹的持续时间，但是通常患者很难在发疹后的72小时内及时开始治疗，而患者超过72小时就诊发生带状 疱疹后神经痛的概率高达41.38%。 同济大学附属杨浦医院疼痛科主任夏明教授表示，目前带状疱疹的治疗方法有限，主要以抗病毒药物和 对症止痛为主，且最佳治疗窗口期短，因此，主动预防远比发病后治疗更重要。 ...

北京大学人民医院皮肤科主任医师 李厚敏：50岁以上还没有得过带状疱疹，就是要去接种的人群。疫 苗的保护性还是非常好的，目前证据证明，它可以保护到10年以上，大大减少带状疱疹的发生概率。 哪些早期症状提示可能患带状疱疹？ 李厚敏：带状疱疹累及的神经是单侧分布的。当出现单侧的胸部、背部、腰部，或者是单侧的上肢、下 肢，或者单侧的头、面部感觉异常，像针刺感，有点痒、麻木、腰部不适的时候，都要注意可能是带状 疱疹。衣服摩擦或者是体位改变的时候，会诱发这种症状的加重。 出现这些感觉几天后，疼痛部位会先出现潮红斑，进而转为水疱。专家提醒，带状疱疹的救治有明确 的"黄金时间窗口"。出现带状疱疹症状的72小时内是治疗的黄金时间，越积极治疗，转成慢性疼痛的概 率就会越低。 没得过水痘就不会得带状疱疹吗？ 很多人在假期会打破原有作息和饮食规律，尤其容易"报复性熬夜"和"过度疲劳式旅行"。这样会导致人 体免疫力下降，让潜伏在体内的水痘——带状疱疹病毒有可乘之机。 哪些人群更易患带状疱疹？ 北京医院（国家老年医学中心）内分泌科主任医师 郭立新：糖尿病患者罹患带状疱疹的风险比一般的 人高60%。糖尿病患者细胞免疫和体液免疫能力下降，抵 ...

Core Viewpoint - Shingles is not exclusively a disease of the elderly; younger individuals with compromised immune systems are also at significant risk of infection [1] Group 1: High-Risk Populations - High-risk groups for shingles include patients with weakened immune systems due to conditions such as rheumatic diseases, blood cancers, and solid tumors [1] - Another high-risk group consists of individuals undergoing treatment with corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, or biological agents, which further weaken the immune system [1] - It is now recognized that individuals aged 18 and older with compromised immune function can develop shingles, contrary to the previous belief that it primarily affects the elderly [1] Group 2: Vaccination Recommendations - Vaccination is the most effective means of preventing shingles, but immunocompromised individuals have specific vaccine requirements [2] - Live attenuated vaccines are not recommended for patients with immune deficiencies; inactivated or recombinant vaccines are preferred due to their higher safety profile [2] - Patients recovering from shingles should evaluate vaccination options three months post-recovery [2] Group 3: Clinical Implications - Shingles can cause severe pain that may lead to sympathetic nervous system excitation, increasing the risk of coronary artery spasm and serious cardiovascular events [2] - Data indicates that shingles patients have a 78% increased risk of stroke and a 39% higher risk of developing shingles if they already have cardiovascular diseases [2] - The risk of shingles significantly increases with the number of comorbid chronic diseases, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [2] Group 4: Current Vaccination Rates and Recommendations - Despite the significant benefits of vaccination, the current vaccination rate for shingles in China remains low [3] - Vaccination not only alleviates patient suffering but also reduces healthcare costs, as the treatment cost for a shingles patient often exceeds the vaccine cost [3] - The autumn and winter seasons are peak times for shingles outbreaks, and high-risk individuals, especially those with immune deficiencies and chronic diseases, are advised to consult healthcare providers for vaccination [3]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles emphasizes that not all pain in the elderly is a natural consequence of aging, and there are effective prevention and treatment methods for conditions like shingles and postherpetic neuralgia [1][2] - The incidence of shingles is notably high among the elderly, and vaccination is recommended as a preventive measure, particularly for individuals over 50 or those with weakened immune systems [1] - Pain can be categorized into acute and chronic pain, with chronic pain defined as pain lasting more than three months, which requires active management to prevent complications such as anxiety and depression [2] Group 2 - Chronic pain is recognized as a distinct disease and a common comorbidity of various conditions, necessitating scientific management rather than mere endurance [2] - Failure to treat chronic pain can lead to increased severity and difficulty in control, highlighting the importance of proactive treatment strategies [2]

Core Insights - The article discusses "memory pain," a condition that can arise after the healing of shingles, known as postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) [1][2][3] Group 1: Understanding Memory Pain - Memory pain can begin 1 to 3 months after shingles has healed, despite the virus being cleared by the immune system [1] - The damage to the nerves caused by shingles leads the brain to misinterpret normal sensations as pain, resulting in various pain types such as sharp, burning, and allodynia [1] Group 2: Risk Factors and Prevention - Individuals over 60 years old, those with severe acute rashes, and those experiencing intense pain during the acute phase are at higher risk for developing PHN [1] - The optimal time to prevent PHN is during the acute phase of shingles, where early and adequate antiviral treatment within 72 hours is crucial [1][2] Group 3: Treatment Approaches - For chronic pain, a combination of oral medications like gabapentin and pregabalin, as well as topical treatments like lidocaine patches, can be effective [2] - If medication is insufficient, minimally invasive interventions such as nerve block therapy can be employed to directly target the damaged nerves [2]

Core Insights - Recent weather changes in northern regions have led to increased joint pain among arthritis patients and headaches due to cold stimuli, migraines, and hypertension [1] Group 1: Types of Pain - Pain is categorized into acute and chronic pain, with acute pain serving as a warning signal for the body [2][3] - Chronic pain is defined as pain lasting over three months, which can lead to depression and sleep disorders if ignored [3] Group 2: Warning Signs of Serious Conditions - Persistent unexplained fever with bone pain may indicate blood system diseases or infections [3] - Pain in the throat, chest, shoulder, or abdomen could be precursors to heart disease [3] - "Cardiac toothache" is a warning signal from the heart [3] - Abdominal pain may arise from issues with the appendix, gallbladder, pancreas, or intestinal obstruction, often accompanied by nausea and vomiting [3] Group 3: Treatment and Management - Many pain conditions, such as shingles and migraines, can be effectively treated if addressed promptly [4] - The prevalence of migraines in adults is around 10%, particularly in the 20 to 40 age group, highlighting the need for early medication during attacks [4] Group 4: Pain Management and Medication - Less than 60% of chronic pain patients seek medical attention, often due to misconceptions about pain medications [5] - Non-opioid analgesics like acetaminophen and ibuprofen are safe for moderate pain when used as directed [5] - Opioid analgesics have a low risk of addiction when used at standard doses and in a regulated manner [5]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the increasing concern over shingles, also known as "snake around the waist," which is caused by the varicella-zoster virus and can remain dormant in the body for years, particularly affecting individuals over 50 and those with weakened immune systems [1][2][3]. Group 1: Health Impact - Shingles can cause severe and prolonged pain, often described by patients as excruciating, with 5%-30% of patients experiencing postherpetic neuralgia, which can last for months or even decades [2]. - Over 90% of adults carry the varicella-zoster virus, and approximately one-third of individuals will develop shingles in their lifetime [2]. Group 2: Vulnerable Populations - Individuals with chronic diseases, such as hypertension and cardiovascular conditions, are at a higher risk for shingles due to compromised immune systems [3]. - Diabetic patients face a 60% higher risk of developing shingles compared to the general population, which can complicate blood sugar management and increase hospitalization risks [3]. Group 3: Prevention Strategies - Vaccination is emphasized as a crucial preventive measure for individuals over 50, especially those with chronic illnesses or weakened immune systems [4]. - Evidence from both domestic and international studies supports the recommendation for older adults and those with chronic conditions to receive shingles vaccinations to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases [4].