Core Viewpoint - The "Three Summers" period is critical for crop planting, with the northern regions entering the main wheat harvesting phase in early June. Recent weather forecasts indicate that drought conditions may ease due to expected rainfall in certain areas, although some regions will experience dry weather favorable for harvesting [1]. Group 1: Weather Impact on Agriculture - Rainfall is expected from May 31 to June 2 in drought-affected areas such as southeastern Gansu, southern Shaanxi, and southwestern Henan, which will help alleviate drought conditions, although it may temporarily hinder wheat harvesting [1] - The next ten days will see no significant rainfall in regions like northern Shaanxi, northwestern Henan, southern Shandong, and northern Anhui, which is beneficial for accelerating wheat harvesting [1][3] Group 2: Threats to Crop Yield - The two main threats during the "Three Summers" are hot winds and excessive rainfall, which can lead to reduced wheat yields and spoilage of mature crops [3] - Experts recommend scientific irrigation and foliar fertilization to enhance crop resilience against hot winds, as well as selecting appropriate crop varieties to mitigate risks from the outset [3] Group 3: Harvesting Strategies - During rainy conditions, experts advise timely harvesting and drying of wheat based on weather conditions and crop maturity to minimize losses. If conditions do not allow for drying, low-temperature mechanical drying or proper indoor ventilation should be employed [6] - To prevent sprouting of wheat heads, the use of sprout inhibitors is recommended, with a focus on harvesting varieties that are more susceptible to sprouting first [6] Group 4: Pest and Disease Management - Regions like Huang-Huai-Hai and the middle and lower Yangtze River are at risk of diseases such as stripe rust due to increased rainfall, while high temperatures and low rainfall can lead to pest outbreaks like aphids and spider mites [8] - In corn-growing areas, attention should be paid to root rot and underground pests, as well as migratory pests that can damage crops during their growth stages [8] Group 5: Water Resource Management - Water resource management is crucial during the "Three Summers" to ensure smooth harvesting. Authorities plan to enhance monitoring of rainfall, soil moisture, and crop conditions to dynamically assess drought situations [11] - Precise water resource allocation is emphasized to avoid downstream water shortages while addressing immediate drought conditions [12]

Weather Conditions During Summer Harvest and Planting - The overall weather conditions during this year's summer harvest and planting period are expected to be favorable, facilitating agricultural activities [3] - From late May, most summer grain-producing areas will experience mainly sunny or partly cloudy weather, with a low risk of continuous rain, which is beneficial for the maturity and harvesting of winter wheat and rapeseed [4] Potential Weather Risks - There will be a significant rainfall event in regions such as Jianghan, Jianghuai, and northern Jiangnan from May 27 to 28, which may adversely affect the harvesting of rapeseed and winter wheat [5] - The first half of June may see temperatures close to or slightly above the historical average, which is generally favorable for wheat harvesting, but localized severe convective weather may occur, necessitating precautions [5] - The risk of continuous rain and heavy precipitation during the wheat harvesting period is high in certain areas, while increased rainfall later will benefit summer planting efforts [5] Impact of Adverse Weather - Continuous rainy weather can lead to difficulties in harvesting, causing wheat to fall and spoil, and affecting the drying of harvested grains, resulting in yield losses [9][13] - "Rotting rain" typically occurs from late May to mid-June, caused by the convergence of cold air from the north and warm moist air from the south, leading to widespread and slow-moving rain systems [11][12] Recommendations for Farmers - Farmers are advised to optimize machinery scheduling to take advantage of good weather for harvesting, and to manage soil moisture effectively to prevent waterlogging [15] - For harvested wheat, proper drying and ventilation are crucial to prevent spoilage, and timely planting of summer crops like corn and soybeans should be prioritized based on weather conditions [15] High-Temperature and Drought Challenges - High temperatures and drought conditions are prevalent during this period, particularly affecting regions like Huanghuaihai, North China, Jianghuai, and parts of the Southwest [28] - Young seedlings are particularly vulnerable to high temperatures, which can lead to issues such as "burning" and "yellowing," potentially impacting growth and yield [30] Mitigation Strategies for High Temperatures - Farmers should implement timely irrigation and nutrient management to mitigate the effects of high temperatures, ensuring adequate moisture and nutrient supply to crops [32][33] - Installation of cooling systems in greenhouses and using shading techniques can help protect crops from extreme heat [33] Emergency Preparedness for Weather Extremes - The Ministry of Agriculture emphasizes the importance of monitoring for drought, dry hot winds, and continuous rain, and encourages timely warnings and resource preparations to address potential disasters [42]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the commencement of the summer harvest and planting season in China, marked by the release of the first national meteorological service report for summer harvest and planting in 2025 by the Central Meteorological Station on May 20 [1] - The summer harvest primarily involves the collection of winter wheat and rapeseed, while summer planting includes the sowing of summer corn, summer soybeans, and transplanting of rice [3] - The meteorological report predicts favorable weather conditions for the majority of summer grain-producing areas, with a low risk of continuous rain, which is beneficial for the maturation and harvesting of winter wheat and rapeseed [3][5] Group 2 - The report indicates that from June to mid-June, temperatures will be close to or slightly above the normal levels, with precipitation in North China and the Huang-Huai region being near normal, which is conducive to the smooth progress of wheat harvesting [5] - However, localized severe weather such as heavy rainfall and strong winds may impact the harvesting process [5] - The China Meteorological Administration is utilizing satellite remote sensing and radar monitoring to provide technological support for summer agricultural production, including monitoring crop growth and soil moisture [5][7] Group 3 - The article discusses the phenomenon of "dry hot wind," which poses a risk to winter wheat in northern regions, particularly during the critical growth period of flowering to grain filling [9] - "Dry hot wind" is characterized by high temperatures and low humidity, leading to increased transpiration and potential yield loss in wheat crops [9] - Historical data indicates a decreasing trend in the intensity of "dry hot wind," but recent climate warming has led to higher temperatures during the grain filling period, increasing the risk of this weather phenomenon [9]

Group 1 - A significant heatwave is affecting northern China, with ground temperatures exceeding 50°C on May 20, particularly in regions like Shanxi and Ningxia, where temperatures reached 71.1°C, 70.3°C, and 70.1°C respectively [1] - The extreme temperatures are attributed to clear skies and enhanced solar radiation, leading to rapid warming in Henan and Hebei, compounded by descending air currents from the Taihang Mountains [3] - The ongoing hot and dry weather has resulted in drought conditions in various northern regions, impacting winter wheat production during a critical growth phase [3] Group 2 - Experts predict that the high temperatures will not last long, with a significant drop expected starting from May 22 due to the influence of cold air and precipitation [4] - The temperature in northern regions is anticipated to decrease gradually, with some areas experiencing a drop of over 15°C [4] - A heat prevention guide emphasizes the importance of hydration, avoiding outdoor activities during peak heat, and maintaining a cool environment to prevent heat-related illnesses [5]

Core Points - The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow high-temperature warning, predicting daytime temperatures of 35-36°C in several provinces, with some areas reaching 37-39°C and localized temperatures exceeding 40°C [1][8] - Severe meteorological drought conditions are reported in provinces such as Shaanxi, Henan, and Gansu, with specific areas experiencing extreme drought [2][3] - Ground temperatures in northern regions have exceeded 70°C, with records being broken in various locations [5][11] Weather Warnings - A yellow drought warning has been issued, indicating ongoing severe drought conditions in specific regions [3] - An orange high-temperature warning is in effect for parts of Shanxi, with expected temperatures above 40°C in some areas [8][7] Agricultural Impact - The ongoing high temperatures and drought conditions pose risks to agricultural production, particularly in wheat-growing regions [14] - Farmers are advised to implement irrigation techniques to mitigate the effects of high temperatures on crops [14] Public Health Advisory - Authorities recommend that the public avoid outdoor activities during peak heat hours and provide guidance for vulnerable populations [8][16] - Emphasis on the importance of water conservation and efficient irrigation practices in agriculture due to the drought [9][10]

Core Viewpoint - The ongoing drought and high temperatures pose significant risks to wheat production in China, particularly in key growing regions, necessitating urgent measures to mitigate potential impacts on summer grain yields [1][5][7]. Group 1: Drought Conditions - Since early April, many winter wheat-producing areas in China have experienced drought, particularly during the critical grain-filling period, which could severely affect grain plumpness and yield [2][4]. - As of late April, over 87% of the main winter wheat-producing areas had either been irrigated or experienced significant rainfall, indicating some alleviation of drought conditions [4]. Group 2: Anti-Drought Measures - Various anti-drought measures have been implemented, including the establishment of multi-departmental coordination mechanisms for irrigation and the use of artificial rainfall techniques [3][4]. - Specific actions include the mobilization of water resources in Shandong, implementation of dual-track anti-drought strategies in Hubei, and the use of mobile irrigation technologies in Anhui, which collectively have helped irrigate significant areas of wheat [3][4]. Group 3: Impact of Hot Winds - "Hot winds," characterized by high temperatures and low humidity, are a major meteorological threat during the late growth stages of wheat, potentially leading to reduced grain weight and yield [5][7]. - The risk of hot winds is particularly high in regions such as western Henan and southern Shanxi, with temperatures expected to exceed 32°C, which could significantly impact wheat quality and yield if not managed properly [5][6]. Group 4: Recommendations for Farmers - Farmers are advised to implement scientific irrigation practices, apply foliar fertilizers to enhance resistance, and select drought-resistant wheat varieties to mitigate the effects of hot winds [8][9]. - Smallholder farmers should prioritize the use of drought-resistant varieties and effectively utilize available resources and government support to optimize their wheat production under challenging conditions [9].

Summary of Key Points Core Viewpoint - The northern region of China is experiencing its first heatwave of the year, with temperatures expected to reach or exceed 40°C in several areas from May 19 to 22, while the southern region will continue to face heavy rainfall, raising concerns about secondary disaster risks [1][2]. Group 1: Northern Heatwave - The first heatwave in the northern region is set to impact areas such as Northwest, North China, and Huanghuai, with temperatures potentially reaching 40°C [1][2]. - Key affected areas include Ningxia, Shaanxi, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, and northern Hubei, where temperatures will exceed 35°C, with some locations experiencing highs of 37 to 40°C [2]. - Shaanxi is identified as the core area for this heatwave, with the longest duration of high temperatures lasting 3 to 4 days, and some places may reach historical temperature extremes [2]. Group 2: Southern Rainfall - The southern region continues to experience a rainy pattern, with heavy rainfall expected in areas such as Jiangnan and South China, including potential localized heavy rain or torrential downpours [3]. - The Central Meteorological Observatory forecasts significant rainfall in regions like southern Zhejiang, southeastern Jiangxi, central and northeastern Guangxi, and western Guangdong, with some areas facing heavy rain [3].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the impact of high-temperature weather on winter wheat production in northern China, particularly in regions like Huanghuai and North China, where temperatures are expected to exceed 35°C and could reach up to 40°C in some areas [1][2] - The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that the high-temperature weather will persist until around May 22, with significant effects on winter wheat, especially in areas with poor soil moisture [1][2] - The dry hot wind is expected to affect 21.6% of the winter wheat area in Henan and 19.8% in Shaanxi, potentially leading to a decrease in wheat weight by 2.2% to 4.4% if no preventive measures are taken [1] Group 2 - Recommendations for mitigating the effects of dry hot winds include optimizing leaf fertilizer and growth regulators, and employing measures to enhance photosynthetic capacity and transpiration resistance [2] - For areas with poor soil moisture and micro-spray irrigation systems, it is advised to spray water before the arrival of dry hot winds to increase air humidity and reduce canopy temperature [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of dry hot wind on winter wheat production in northern China, particularly during the critical growth period, highlighting the increasing frequency of such weather events due to climate change [1][2]. Group 1: Weather Forecast and Conditions - The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts light to severe dry hot wind weather in regions including Henan, Shaanxi, and Shanxi from May 16 to 19, with temperatures exceeding 35°C, and local highs reaching above 37°C [2]. - Since May 12, temperatures in the central and western Huanghuai region, southern North China, and Shaanxi have been significantly above normal, with daily maximum temperatures above 32°C [1]. Group 2: Impact on Winter Wheat - Dry hot wind is characterized by a sudden rise in temperature, low humidity, and wind, which can severely affect winter wheat during critical growth stages, leading to loss of water balance and reduced photosynthesis [1]. - The area of winter wheat affected by dry hot wind in Henan is estimated at 21.6%, while in Shaanxi, it is 19.8% [2]. - Without preventive measures, the weight of a thousand grains of wheat in affected areas could decrease by approximately 2.2% to 4.4% due to the combined effects of dry hot wind and soil moisture deficiency [2]. Group 3: Recommendations for Mitigation - Experts recommend optimizing foliar fertilizer and growth regulator formulations, and employing measures such as spraying foliar fertilizers to enhance photosynthetic capacity and transpiration resistance [2]. - For areas with poor soil moisture and micro-spray irrigation systems, it is advised to spray water before the arrival of dry hot wind to increase air humidity and reduce canopy temperature [2].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the impact of high-temperature weather on wheat production in regions like Henan and Shaanxi, emphasizing the need for proactive measures to combat drought and ensure crop yield [1][6]. Group 1: Weather Impact on Agriculture - High-temperature dry wind conditions are expected to occur in winter wheat areas for 3-5 days, particularly affecting the critical growth stages of wheat [1][4]. - Dry wind leads to increased transpiration in crops, resulting in physiological drought, water imbalance, and reduced photosynthesis, which may ultimately cause significant yield loss [2][4]. Group 2: Regional Responses - Henan, the largest wheat-producing province in China, has approximately 85 million acres of wheat planted and is implementing measures to mitigate the effects of dry wind, aiming to ensure a good harvest [6]. - In Henan, over 23 million acres have already adopted the "one spray, three defenses" strategy to enhance grain filling rates and extend filling time [6]. - In Shaanxi's Tongchuan, local authorities are mobilizing resources, including 100 drones, to conduct "one spray, three defenses" operations to combat drought and support stable grain production [9][10]. Group 3: Irrigation Techniques - In Shanxi's Changzhi, agricultural experts are employing drip irrigation and spray irrigation methods to increase watering frequency and ensure precise irrigation for wheat crops [12].