Core Insights - The National Science and Technology Terminology Approval Committee held its 2025 annual work meeting, announcing 68 frontier research hot terms across 11 disciplines, including five key terms related to water conservancy technology [1][3] Water Conservancy Technology Hot Terms - "National Water Network" refers to a comprehensive water conservancy engineering system that integrates water resource optimization, flood prevention, and ecological protection, utilizing natural rivers and lakes as a foundation [2] - "Smart Dam" represents the integration of new information technologies with traditional dam engineering, focusing on IoT, big data, AI, and digital twin technologies for enhanced management throughout the dam's lifecycle [2] - "Digital Twin Water Conservancy System" involves the digital mapping and intelligent simulation of physical water conservancy elements, enabling real-time interaction and optimization [2] - "Drought-Flood Transition" describes the extreme weather phenomenon where a region experiences severe drought followed by sudden heavy rainfall, necessitating urgent flood prevention measures [2] - "Happy Rivers and Lakes" emphasizes maintaining ecological stability and promoting high-quality development in river and lake systems, ensuring safety and satisfaction for local communities [2] Institutional Framework - The National Science and Technology Terminology Approval Committee, authorized by the State Council, is responsible for the authoritative approval and publication of scientific terminology, with a dedicated committee for water conservancy terminology [3] - Starting in 2024, the committee will regularly collect and publish annual frontier research hot terms to enhance the development of scientific disciplines and showcase advancements in science and technology [3]

Core Insights - The National Science and Technology Terminology Approval Committee held its 2025 annual work meeting, releasing 68 frontier research keywords across 11 disciplines, with five keywords related to water conservancy technology reflecting current trends and future directions [1][3] Group 1: Water Conservancy Technology Keywords - "National Water Network" integrates natural rivers and lakes, water diversion projects, and smart control to optimize water resource allocation, flood prevention, and ecosystem protection [2] - "Smart Dam" combines new information technologies with traditional dam engineering, utilizing IoT, big data, AI, and digital twin technologies for comprehensive lifecycle management [2] - "Digital Twin Water Conservancy System" digitally maps and simulates physical water conservancy elements and governance activities, enabling real-time interaction and optimization [2] - "Drought-Flood Transition" describes the extreme event where a region experiences severe drought followed by sudden heavy rainfall, necessitating emergency flood response [2] - "Happy Rivers and Lakes" emphasizes maintaining ecological stability and promoting high-quality development, ensuring safety and satisfaction for local communities [2] Group 2: Institutional Framework - The National Science and Technology Terminology Approval Committee, authorized by the State Council, is the authoritative body for approving and publishing scientific terminology [3] - The committee will conduct annual collections and releases of frontier research keywords starting in 2024, aiming to enhance the role of scientific terminology in guiding discipline development and showcasing advancements in science and technology [3]

Core Insights - The National Water Resources Technology Terminology Committee has identified five key research hotspots in water resources technology for 2025, including "National Water Network," "Smart Dams," "Digital Twin Water Resources System," "Drought-Flood Rapid Transition," and "Happy Rivers and Lakes" [1][2] Group 1: Research Hotspots - "National Water Network" refers to a comprehensive system that integrates water resource optimization, flood disaster reduction, and ecosystem protection, based on natural rivers and lakes [1] - "Smart Dams" are the result of integrating new information technologies with traditional dam engineering, focusing on IoT, big data, AI, and digital twin technologies for enhanced management throughout the dam's lifecycle [1] - "Digital Twin Water Resources System" involves digital mapping and intelligent simulation of physical water resources, utilizing spatial data and mathematical models for real-time interaction and optimization [2] Group 2: Extreme Weather Events - "Drought-Flood Rapid Transition" describes the extreme event where a region experiences worsening drought conditions followed by sudden heavy rainfall, necessitating immediate flood prevention and disaster response [2] Group 3: Ecological and Community Well-being - "Happy Rivers and Lakes" emphasizes maintaining the ecological stability of river and lake systems while ensuring community safety and promoting high-quality development, leading to a harmonious relationship between people and water [2] Group 4: Institutional Framework - The National Science and Technology Terminology Committee, authorized by the State Council, is responsible for the authoritative approval and publication of scientific terminology, with the National Water Resources Technology Terminology Committee focusing specifically on water resources terminology [2]

Core Insights - The National Committee for the Standardization of Scientific and Technological Terms has released five key frontier hot topics in water conservancy science and technology for 2025, reflecting current trends and future directions in the field [1][2]. Group 1: Key Hot Topics - "National Water Network" integrates water resource optimization, flood disaster reduction, and ecosystem protection, utilizing natural rivers and lakes as a foundation [2]. - "Smart Dams" combine new information technologies with traditional dam engineering, focusing on IoT, big data, AI, and digital twin technologies for comprehensive lifecycle management [2]. - "Digital Twin Water Conservancy System" involves digital mapping and intelligent simulation of physical water conservancy elements, enabling real-time interaction and optimization [2]. - "Drought-Flood Rapid Transition" describes extreme weather events where a region experiences severe drought followed by sudden heavy rainfall, necessitating emergency flood response [2]. - "Happy Rivers and Lakes" emphasizes maintaining ecological stability and promoting high-quality development in river and lake systems, ensuring safety and satisfaction for local communities [2]. Group 2: Institutional Background - The National Committee for the Standardization of Scientific and Technological Terms is an authoritative body authorized by the State Council, responsible for the approval and publication of scientific and technological terms [3]. - The National Water Conservancy Technology Terminology Committee, guided by the Ministry of Water Resources, aims to establish a comprehensive and scientifically standardized terminology system to support innovation and development in water conservancy [3].

Core Insights - The recent weather conditions, including drought followed by heavy rainfall, have significantly impacted the corn production in major summer planting regions such as Henan, Shandong, and Hebei, leading to concerns over both yield and quality [1][2][3][4]. Group 1: Weather Impact on Corn Production - From June to early September, regions like Henan experienced severe drought, with average temperatures reaching 30.5°C, 3.2°C higher than the historical average, resulting in over 55% of monitoring stations reporting severe drought conditions [2]. - The transition to heavy rainfall in September has further complicated the situation, causing damage to crops that had survived the drought, with reports of corn being waterlogged and spoiled [3][4]. - The ongoing wet conditions have delayed the harvesting of corn and other crops, affecting the quality and yield, with predictions of a significant decline in both [5][6]. Group 2: Market Implications - The adverse weather conditions are expected to lead to a market split, where low-quality corn may see a price drop while high-quality corn could experience price increases due to reduced availability [5][6]. - The total corn planting area in Henan exceeds 60 million acres, and the combined production from Henan, Hebei, and Shandong is around 85 million tons, indicating a substantial potential impact on the domestic corn market if production declines [5][6]. - The Northeast region, with high-quality corn and lower prices, is anticipated to become a key supplier to fill the gap in the domestic market, especially as imports and alternative grains have decreased [6][7]. Group 3: Future Outlook - The market is currently cautious, with stakeholders uncertain about the extent of the damage and the subsequent market dynamics, particularly regarding the high moisture corn that needs drying and storage [7][8]. - Long-term projections suggest that the Northeast corn will become increasingly sought after due to the expected supply shortages in the inland markets, driven by strong demand for high-quality corn [7][8].

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the importance of a dual approach to flood and drought management, highlighting the need for comprehensive disaster prevention strategies [1][2][3] - Recent heavy rainfall in Zhengzhou is expected to alleviate drought conditions, but there is a warning about potential secondary disasters caused by localized heavy rain [1][2] - The concept of "rapid transition from drought to flood" is discussed, indicating that extreme weather can lead to geological disasters such as landslides and mudslides due to the soil's compromised structure from prolonged drought [1][2] Group 2 - Local governments are actively engaged in drought relief efforts while remaining vigilant against the complexities of weather changes and the risks of sudden heavy rainfall [2] - The article stresses the need for cities to implement measures to prevent urban flooding and ensure the safety of public electrical facilities during extreme weather events [2] - It highlights the necessity for tailored disaster response plans that consider local conditions and risks, ensuring preparedness through coordinated efforts and scientific management [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of effective flood prevention and disaster relief measures in response to severe weather conditions in Henan Province, highlighting the need for preparedness and timely action to protect public safety and property [1][2]. Group 1: Emergency Response Measures - The provincial leadership, including Secretary Liu Ning, stresses the necessity of maintaining a combat-ready mindset and ensuring that all levels of organization, command, prevention, and response are in place to safeguard lives and property [1]. - Liu Ning calls for precise and efficient forecasting of localized severe weather events, enhancing the accuracy and coverage of rainfall predictions, and ensuring that no household or individual is overlooked in emergency responses [2]. Group 2: Infrastructure and Resource Management - The focus is on preventing flooding in low-lying urban areas and key infrastructure, including reservoirs and tunnels, with an emphasis on early detection of risks and timely evacuation of personnel [2]. - The article mentions the ongoing drought in some regions and indicates that the current rainfall will help alleviate drought conditions, highlighting the need for a balanced approach to flood and drought management [2]. Group 3: Coordination and Communication - Liu Ning emphasizes the importance of strict duty management and timely communication to ensure that information flows quickly and that measures are implemented effectively [2]. - The article outlines the need for comprehensive preparedness for rescue operations, advocating for a proactive approach to disaster management at the grassroots level [2].

Core Viewpoint - Climate change is fundamentally altering agricultural practices in China, necessitating adjustments in crop selection and planting schedules to adapt to new weather patterns [1][3][30]. Group 1: Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture - The suitable regions for wheat cultivation are gradually shifting northward, requiring changes in sowing times for winter wheat and the introduction of flood-resistant rice varieties in northeastern China [1][3][30]. - Farmers are facing increased costs due to prolonged droughts and extreme weather, leading to higher irrigation expenses and reduced crop yields [2][3][20]. - The frequency of extreme weather events has increased, with a notable rise in high-temperature days and drought conditions affecting crop production across various regions [26][30]. Group 2: Adaptation Strategies - Farmers are beginning to adopt new planting strategies, such as using drought-resistant seeds and investing in irrigation infrastructure to cope with changing climate conditions [3][22][31]. - The Chinese government is initiating a nationwide agricultural climate zoning project to redefine crop planting areas based on current climate conditions [4][30]. - High-standard farmland construction is being promoted as a key method to mitigate the impacts of climate change, enhancing irrigation efficiency and reducing the risk of crop failure [32][31]. Group 3: Economic Implications for Farmers - The financial burden on farmers is increasing due to higher irrigation costs and reduced crop yields, leading some to reconsider their agricultural practices or exit farming altogether [2][27][28]. - In regions like Henan and Shaanxi, farmers report significant drops in income due to adverse weather conditions, with some expecting a 30% decrease in yields compared to previous years [12][20][27]. - The rising costs of labor and inputs for crop production are pushing farmers to shift from high-maintenance crops to more resilient options like wheat and corn [27][28].

Core Viewpoint - The ongoing severe drought in Henan province has raised concerns about food security and livelihood, prompting urgent measures to mitigate its impact on agricultural production [1] Group 1: Current Drought Situation - The drought is primarily affecting southern and eastern Henan, with the most severe conditions reported in cities like Zhumadian, Zhoukou, and Nanyang, where the affected crop area has reached 1.762 million acres [2] - Since the onset of the drought in early July, a total of 124 million acres have been irrigated, with most affected areas receiving 2 to 4 rounds of irrigation to stabilize autumn crop production [2] Group 2: Causes and Characteristics of the Drought - The drought is attributed to the early northward movement of the Western Pacific subtropical high, leading to prolonged high temperatures and high humidity [3] - Key characteristics of this year's drought include extreme temperatures exceeding 38°C in most areas, with some locations surpassing 40°C; a significant reduction in rainfall, with an average of 81 mm recorded, which is over 50% less than the historical average; and a prolonged dry spell, with some areas experiencing over 30 days without effective rainfall [3] Group 3: Impact on Autumn Crop Production - The drought poses a significant threat to autumn crops, particularly corn and peanuts, which are highly sensitive to water shortages during critical growth stages [4] - Insufficient rainfall and drought conditions can lead to poor pollination and reduced yields for corn, while peanuts may struggle with fruit development due to hard soil conditions [4] Group 4: Measures Taken to Combat Drought - The provincial government has allocated emergency funds totaling 200 million yuan for drought relief, with additional support for key areas to facilitate irrigation and water supply [5] - Efforts include the repair of 1.15 million wells, the drilling of 18,800 emergency wells, and the diversion of 1.1 billion cubic meters of water from large reservoirs to support irrigation [5] - Agricultural experts have been deployed to provide guidance and training to farmers, with nearly 491,000 visits and 857 training sessions conducted [5] Group 5: Future Weather Outlook - Forecasts indicate potential rainfall starting August 5, with varying degrees of precipitation expected across the province, which may help alleviate some drought conditions [6][7] - However, localized areas may still experience insufficient moisture, and drought conditions could persist despite the anticipated rainfall [7] Group 6: Mechanisms to Prevent Flooding - To mitigate the risk of flooding following drought conditions, the government has invested 5.112 billion yuan in rural drainage improvements, completing 117,600 kilometers of channel connections [8] - A pre-warning mechanism has been established in collaboration with meteorological departments to issue flood risk alerts based on rainfall and soil moisture conditions [8]

Core Insights - The extreme rainfall in North China is characterized by prolonged duration and significant localized precipitation, with areas like Beijing experiencing rainfall exceeding 500 to 600 millimeters in just 3 to 4 days, which is equivalent to the annual rainfall for the same period [1] - The occurrence of this extreme weather is attributed to the northward movement of the subtropical high pressure, which continuously transports moisture to the northern regions, compounded by geographical factors that enhance rainfall intensity [1] - The current weather pattern reflects a typical flood season in China, where strong rainfall coincides with high temperatures, leading to challenges in agricultural production, particularly for crops like corn that are in critical growth stages [1] Weather Impact - The strong rainfall process in North China is gradually weakening, with the core rainfall expected to conclude, although short-term thunderstorms and showers may still occur in the next two days [2] - The transition from dry to wet conditions has created a scenario of "drought-flood rapid transition," posing risks to agricultural production, necessitating vigilance against flooding and pest issues [1]