新华社东京10月3日电 热点问答丨日本自民党总裁选举有何看点 新华社记者李子越 陈泽安 日本执政党自由民主党将于4日选出新一任党总裁，当选者大概率将成为新一任日本首相。目前，最新 选情如何？主要候选人的政策主张有何异同？日本民众如何看待这场选举？ 围绕如何应对外国人的问题，上述候选人都主张"提高门槛、采取更严格限制措施"，但程度有所不同。 此外，他们在竞选期间刻意避免就一些容易引发争议的敏感话题表态，比如小泉没有再提上届选举中谈 到的性别议题，高市也避免直接回答"是否会以首相身份参拜靖国神社"等问题。 日本民众怎么看 与之相比，另外两名热门人选近期接连陷入争议。小泉阵营被曝动员支持者在网站留言造势，并提供现 成的"好评模板"，小泉为此公开致歉。舆论认为，这可能影响他的得票。高市则因"踢鹿"言论备受批评 ——她在演讲中声称"奈良公园有外国游客踢鹿"，但公园方面予以否认。 多家日本媒体最新调查结果显示，虽然林芳正选情上升势头明显，但在党员、党友票方面仍处于劣势。 日媒普遍预测，本次选举最有可能的结果是小泉与高市进入第二轮对决，届时，由于林芳正的政策立场 与高市差距较大，其支持者更可能支持同样主张延续"石破路线"的 ...

同样参与筹办的中井恭子说，日本人如果不了解日本的加害历史，"历史会被重演"。她说，"像德国会在历史课中告诉学生加害历史，但日本 的历史教学中并不存在。" 【环球网报道】美国《赫芬邮报》日本版8月8日发文介绍在日本横滨市举行的"战争加害历史展"，展览揭露二战时期日军犯下的各种战争罪 行，告诫人们不能让历史重演。 据报道，"战争加害历史展"2016年首次举行，由日本民间人士自发筹办。从2016年开始一直参与展览筹办的竹冈健治表示："了解日本作为加 害者的历史非常重要，否则战争可能会被美化。在历史上日本侵略了周边国家，在谈论战争时不能忽略加害历史。" 展览所使用的资料由专家学者、历史博物馆和市民团体制作，内容包括"南京大屠杀"、"731部队"、"慰安妇问题"等等。竹冈健治说，他在小 学任教历史多年，但他发现在日本的历史教科书中很少谈及加害的历史。对于日本国内出现的企图否认、轻视本国作为加害者历史的"历史修 正主义"，竹冈健治表示，"包括教科书问题，我一直很关注历史修正主义，无论如何，我希望这不要成为主流。" 《赫芬邮报》日本版称，今年是"战后80周年"，但当下日本社会中充斥着否认、扭曲殖民地统治和加害历史的言论。当 ...

Group 1 - The ruling coalition of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and Komeito is likely to struggle to secure the 50 seats needed for a majority in the Japanese Senate elections, marking a potential unprecedented situation where the coalition becomes a minority in both houses for the first time since World War II [1][4][5] - The LDP and Komeito currently hold 141 seats in the Senate, with 75 non-contested seats and 66 contested seats in this election, needing to win at least 50 seats to maintain a majority [4][5] - The election is seen as a critical test for Prime Minister Kishida Fumio, who has faced significant challenges following previous electoral defeats [1][6] Group 2 - Exit polls indicate that the LDP and Komeito coalition may not secure the necessary seats, while the largest opposition party, the Constitutional Democratic Party, is projected to gain seats [5][6] - The rise of the far-right party "Sanjin Party," which promotes a nationalist agenda, has garnered significant attention and support, reflecting a shift towards more extreme political sentiments in Japan [1][9][10] - The political landscape is shifting, with increasing public support for nationalist and exclusionary policies, as evidenced by a survey showing 79% of voters favoring stricter measures against foreigners [9][10] Group 3 - Kishida's administration faces declining approval ratings, with a recent poll showing support at 20.8%, the lowest since taking office, indicating a potential crisis of confidence in his leadership [6][7] - The political environment may lead to a reshuffling of the ruling coalition or even a change in leadership, as historical precedents suggest that poor performance in Senate elections can lead to the resignation of the Prime Minister [7][8] - Economic pressures, including rising consumer prices and external trade challenges, are contributing to the political turmoil and dissatisfaction among voters [8][10]