Core Viewpoint - The recent release of the "Opinions on Comprehensive Promotion of River and Lake Protection and Governance" outlines a systematic approach to enhance flood disaster risk prevention and management, improve water resource utilization, and promote ecological restoration of rivers and lakes by 2035 [2][3][4]. Group 1: Flood Disaster Risk Management - The "Opinions" emphasize the construction of a modern flood disaster prevention system, aiming to significantly enhance flood safety and resource utilization levels by 2035 [3][4]. - Key measures include improving flood control engineering systems, establishing monitoring and forecasting systems for rainfall and water conditions, and enhancing disaster prevention work [4]. Group 2: National Water Network Development - The development of the national water network is crucial for river protection, with significant progress reported, including over 800 billion cubic meters of water transferred through the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, benefiting 185 million people [5]. - Major water diversion projects have been completed, adding an annual water transfer capacity of 124.8 billion cubic meters, with additional projects expected to contribute another 142.3 billion cubic meters [5][6]. Group 3: Ecological Restoration of Rivers and Lakes - The initiative aims to complete the revival of 88 major rivers, addressing ecological issues such as river flow interruption and wetland shrinkage due to over-extraction of water resources [7]. - The establishment of ecological flow management standards and monitoring systems is underway to ensure the health of river ecosystems [7][8]. Group 4: Integrated Development and Protection - The "Opinions" advocate for a harmonious relationship between economic development and ecological protection, promoting the idea that green water and mountains equate to economic wealth [8]. - Future efforts will focus on planning, project development, funding support, and mechanism reforms to facilitate comprehensive river protection and governance [8].

Core Viewpoint - The revival of the Xiliao River, which had been in a state of perennial dry flow since 1998, is a significant achievement marked by the implementation of effective water resource management strategies and ecological restoration efforts [1][2][8]. Water Resource Management - A total of 265 million cubic meters of water has been allocated to ensure the Xiliao River flows continuously for over 400 kilometers [2][3]. - The Ministry of Water Resources has been conducting unified water resource scheduling since 2020, which has led to the gradual extension of flowing sections of the river [1][2]. Technical Monitoring and Simulation - An integrated monitoring system with 17,000 data collection points has been established to track precipitation, surface water, and groundwater, allowing for precise water flow management [3][5]. - A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model has been used to simulate and optimize water flow capacity, ensuring that specific flow rates are achieved at various river sections [3][4]. River Channel Restoration - Over 313 kilometers of river channels have been dredged and restored to remove obstacles that hinder water flow, including sediment and vegetation [5][6]. - Advanced technologies such as drones and satellite remote sensing have been employed for real-time monitoring of river conditions and to identify blockages [5][6]. Water Conservation Initiatives - The Inner Mongolia region has implemented comprehensive water-saving measures, achieving a reduction in water usage per unit of GDP by 17% and 19.56% in the cities of Tongliao and Chifeng, respectively, compared to 2020 levels [7][8]. - Since 2020, 5.36 billion cubic meters of new water-saving capacity has been created through efficient irrigation practices across 5.31 million acres [7][8]. Long-term Ecological Protection - The Ministry of Water Resources aims to complete the revival of 88 major rivers and lakes, establishing a long-term ecological protection mechanism to maintain river health and sustainability [8][9]. - Continuous efforts will be made to implement a rigid water resource management system to curb unreasonable water demand and promote ecological restoration [8].