【环球时报报道 记者 苑基荣】印度新闻信息局日前发布的年终经济评估报告显示，印度国内生产总值（GDP）当前达到4.18万亿美元，已超过日 本，成为世界第四大经济体。这被多方视为印度在全球的经济地位将发生巨大变化。然而，在总量跃升的光环之下，有关"GDP 数据统计成色"的 争议也在增加。抛开数字层面的进阶，印度的经济底蕴是否已真正强过日本？如果考虑到产业结构与发展模式时，又该如何认识印度经济？ " 实际增长率可能只有 2.5% 至 3%" 印度公布的近期经济运行数据显示，尽管受到美国加征高额关税的影响，印度2025财年第二季度的增长率仍然达到8.2%，远超预期，这令新德里 感到振奋。与此同时，出口表现也有所增强。受工程产品、电子产品、药品和石油产品等出口增长带动，11月份商品出口额增至381.3亿美元。然 而，《德干先驱报》等印媒指出，"这些数字可能被夸大，并且在结构上具有误导性，从而营造出一种比实际情况更强劲的增长假象。" 一些经济学家指出，这些数据与实际经济增长相去甚远。目前的季度估算基于过时的基准年（2011-2012 年）和较低的通胀率，难以充分反映当 前的消费与生产模式。此外，尽管非正规或非正式部门在 ...

Group 1 - The core focus of the 2025 Apple event is not the iPhone 17's updates but the shift in production location from China to India, as indicated by the packaging labels [1][3][4] - The transition from "Made in China" to "Made in India" reflects a complex global manufacturing landscape and signifies a strategic shift in Apple's supply chain [5][6] - Apple's move is part of a broader "de-risking" strategy, reshaping the roles of "Chinese manufacturing" and "Indian manufacturing" in the global value chain [6][7] Group 2 - Over the past two decades, Apple's success has relied on the model of "Designed in California, Made in China," with Chinese factories like Foxconn being crucial to its production [7][8][9] - The shift began around 2017 when Apple started producing iPhone SE models in India to avoid high import tariffs, marking the start of a localization strategy [12][13] - The turning point came around 2019, driven by U.S.-China trade tensions and rising labor costs in China, prompting Apple to diversify its supply chain [14][15][16] Group 3 - Apple's "China +1" strategy accelerated, with India emerging as the primary alternative for manufacturing [17][18] - The production process has evolved from older models to the latest flagship models being produced in India, achieving near-simultaneous production with China [19][20] - The establishment of Tata Group as the first local iPhone manufacturer in India signifies a shift towards nurturing local champions in the manufacturing sector [21][22] Group 4 - Predictions suggest that by 2025, iPhones produced in India could account for 25% of global production, potentially rising to 50% by 2027 [22][23] - India's appeal as a manufacturing hub is bolstered by its demographic advantages, including a young workforce and lower labor costs compared to China [26][30] - The Indian government's "Make in India" initiative and production-linked incentive programs are designed to attract foreign investment and stimulate local manufacturing [35][36][38] Group 5 - Despite its advantages, India's manufacturing sector faces challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, regulatory inefficiencies, and a lack of skilled labor [41][43] - The competition between Chinese and Indian manufacturing is creating a complex landscape, with both countries playing crucial roles in the global supply chain [44][52] - The future may see a dual-center model in the global electronics supply chain, with China focusing on high-end manufacturing and India on large-scale assembly [53][54] Group 6 - The production location label will evolve to reflect a new phase of globalization, indicating a reallocation of resources based on efficiency, cost, safety, and market access [56][57] - The competition and collaboration between China and India will shape the global manufacturing landscape for the next decade [58][59] - The true challenge for China lies in maintaining its irreplaceability in the face of these changes [59][60]

Group 1: Visa and Travel Resumption - The resumption of visas and direct flights between China and India is expected to boost trade development between the two countries [1][5] - India plans to ease business visa restrictions for Chinese citizens to enhance economic interactions, following the resumption of tourist visas [1][3] - The complexity of obtaining Indian business visas has increased significantly since the pandemic, impacting Chinese executives' ability to operate in India [3][4] Group 2: Economic Relations - The bilateral trade volume between China and India is projected to reach $138.478 billion in 2024, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 1.7% [5] - China remains India's largest trading partner, with significant potential for further economic collaboration as India's economy develops [5][6] - The complementary industrial structures of both countries highlight India's strengths in software and biopharmaceuticals, while China excels in electronic manufacturing and emerging industries [6]