尽管肿瘤诊疗已迈入精准医疗时代，但临床实践中仍面临诸多待解难题 尽管中国在癌症预防控制、筛查早诊、诊治质控等方面已取得长足进展，但诊疗与管理的"最后一公 里"仍面临多重挑战。 根据《国家癌症中心2024年度报告》（下称《报告》）数据，中国新发癌症病例约482万例，死亡约257 万例，新发与死亡病例数均位居世界第一。 "我国由于地域经济差异、人口分布不均、各类肿瘤发病情况不同，各地区诊疗水平存在较大差距。"12 月23日，中国医学科学院肿瘤医院胸外科主任医师李印教授在2025"人民好医生·金山茶花计划"会议上 表示。 从《报告》数据可以看出，在一系列癌症防治措施推动下，中国癌症患者五年生存率已从2015年的 40.5%提升至2022年的43.7%，但与《国务院关于实施健康中国行动的意见》中设定的目标仍有距离。 临床诊疗环节存在的诸多问题，正是实现这一目标的关键所在。 生存率提升背后的城乡差异 《报告》称中国城乡癌症5年生存率存在显著差异，2016–2020年诊断患者的分析数据显示：城市地区年 龄标准化5年相对生存率约为 47.7%；农村地区约为 32.2%。 城乡与区域间资源分布不均、诊疗规范同质化不足，直接导 ...

Core Insights - Cancer remains a significant global public health challenge, with the WHO reporting 10 million deaths in 2020, accounting for 1 in 6 deaths globally. Without urgent action, cancer deaths could exceed 18 million by 2050 [1][2] - China has emerged as a key player in cancer research, with a record number of studies presented at major international oncology conferences, indicating its growing influence in the field [1][2] - The introduction of 114 new drugs in the 2025 National Basic Medical Insurance Directory, including 36 cancer drugs, expands treatment options for cancer patients [2] Group 1: Cancer Statistics and Projections - The global burden of cancer is expected to rise, with new cases projected to reach 28.4 million by 2040, a 47% increase from 19.3 million in 2020 [2] - The concept of "5-year survival rate" may evolve to "10-year survival rate," with predictions suggesting a 95% survival rate by 2040 and the potential for cancer to be managed as a chronic disease by 2050 [5] Group 2: Factors Influencing Cancer Development - Five main factors contributing to cancer include external triggers, infection-related factors, hormonal/receptor imbalances, lifestyle-related factors, and psychological/immune-related triggers [3] - The essence of cancer is a disruption in the body's regulatory mechanisms, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation [3] Group 3: Innovations and Future Directions - Advances in technology, including digital communication, genomics, and artificial intelligence, are expected to enhance cancer survival rates and improve access to quality healthcare [4][7] - The establishment of new cancer classification standards and a focus on integrated treatment approaches are anticipated to transform cancer management and clinical outcomes [4] Group 4: Challenges in Cancer Treatment - The transition from fragmented to integrated treatment poses challenges, including the need for updated knowledge among healthcare professionals and the development of innovative diagnostic and treatment technologies [6][8] - Early diagnosis is critical for improving treatment success rates, with AI playing a role in enhancing the identification of high-risk populations [6] Group 5: Immunotherapy Growth - Immunotherapy has emerged as a significant growth area in cancer treatment, with a projected global market size of $84.9 billion by 2030, driven by advancements in CAR-T, TCR-T, and NK cell therapies [7] - Despite its potential, challenges remain in biomarker selection, toxicity management, and cost control, with breakthroughs expected within the next 25 years [7][8]

Core Insights - The overall cancer mortality rate in Macau is showing a declining trend, with the five-year relative survival rate increasing from 59% a decade ago to 62%, placing it among the top globally [1][3]. Group 1: Cancer Statistics - The age-standardized incidence rate of all cancers in Macau for 2023 is 238 per 100,000 population, while the standardized mortality rate is 85 [3]. - Cancer has been the leading cause of death in Macau since 2000, posing a significant health threat to residents [3]. Group 2: Government Initiatives - The Macau government has prioritized cancer prevention and control, continuously increasing resource allocation and optimizing the service system [3][4]. - The Health Bureau established the Macau Cancer Registry in 2002 and publishes the annual cancer registration report to monitor and analyze cancer trends, which aids in evaluating prevention effectiveness and planning future policies [3]. Group 3: Future Outlook - The cancer prevention and control efforts in Macau need to prepare for the rising incidence of cancer due to an aging population and changing lifestyles [4]. - There is a commitment to continuously enhance the medical service system to improve cancer prevention and treatment levels [4].

Core Insights - The event "My Scientific Journey" successfully took place in Chongqing Science City, featuring interactions between students and three experienced scientists from the fields of instrumentation, medicine, and aerospace [1][17] - The initiative aimed to inspire middle school students by focusing on the personal growth stories of scientists, encouraging critical thinking and dialogue [2] Group 1: Event Overview - The event was organized by the Chongqing High-tech Zone Science Association and other local organizations, differing from typical science popularization activities by emphasizing personal growth perspectives [2] - Students from grades 7 and 8 participated, engaging in a Q&A session where they submitted questions about life sciences, cosmic mysteries, and academic challenges [5] Group 2: Scientist Presentations - Dr. Xie Lei shared his journey in scientific exploration, using engaging multimedia to illustrate the significance of meaningful research and the importance of a solid educational foundation [9] - Dr. Long Yanyan discussed cancer prevention and treatment strategies, emphasizing lifelong learning and sharing clinical research cases to motivate students to contribute to medical science [12] - Academician Xie Gengxin highlighted the milestone of growing the first leaf on the moon, discussing how deep space exploration could transform future living and encouraging students to dream big [12] Group 3: Interactive Dialogue - The interactive session saw students asking thought-provoking questions about lunar exploration and the impact of a positive mindset on cancer recovery, to which the scientists responded earnestly [13] - Dr. Xie Gengxin confirmed China's plans for a manned moon landing by 2029, instilling hope in students about future opportunities [16] - The event concluded with heartfelt messages from the scientists, encouraging students to embrace learning and pursue their dreams [16][17]

Group 1: Health Priorities in Jiangxi - Jiangxi Province prioritizes public health as a key indicator of socialist modernization, focusing on transforming public welfare issues into actionable tasks to enhance health levels [1] Group 2: Childcare Support - In 2022, Jiangxi established a childcare subsidy system for infants under three years old, providing 200 yuan per month per childcare spot, which increased to 300 yuan in 2023, benefiting over 19,320 childcare spots and distributing approximately 200 million yuan in subsidies over three years [2] Group 3: Women's Health Initiatives - Jiangxi has implemented a free HPV vaccination program for eligible girls, with over 700,000 vaccinations administered in two years, shifting the focus from secondary prevention to primary prevention of cervical cancer [3] Group 4: Cancer Prevention Strategies - The province's cancer prevention plan for 2025-2027 includes lung cancer screening and early intervention, aiming to assess 3.24 million individuals and screen 486,000 high-risk individuals, establishing a comprehensive cancer management network [4] Group 5: Birth Defect Prevention - Starting in 2023, Jiangxi offers free prenatal and newborn screening services, covering 167.94 million prenatal screenings and 191.65 million newborn screenings, saving families approximately 362 million yuan in childbirth costs [5] Group 6: Enhancing Primary Healthcare - Jiangxi has developed a smart healthcare system for rural areas, improving service capabilities and patient experience through data integration and real-time monitoring across 17,776 township health centers and 20,724 village clinics [6] Group 7: Medical Test Result Sharing - The province is advancing a shared platform for medical test results, establishing mutual recognition rules for 82 clinical tests and 467 imaging projects, enhancing quality control and resource efficiency across 570 laboratories [7][8]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of relying on scientific evidence regarding cancer treatment and dietary claims, urging the public to be cautious about unverified information and to follow medical advice for cancer patients [1][2]. Group 1: Cancer Myths and Dietary Claims - Many dietary claims circulating online about cancer treatment lack scientific basis, and cancer patients should adhere to medical guidelines for treatment [1]. - The National Health Commission advises the public to report health rumors or misinformation through their official platform [1]. Group 2: Tumor Markers and Diagnosis - Tumor markers are substances found in blood or bodily fluids, often elevated in cancer patients, but they should not be solely relied upon for diagnosis [2]. - Common tumor markers like alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) have limited sensitivity and specificity, meaning elevated levels do not definitively indicate cancer [2]. - If tumor markers are significantly elevated, further investigation and lifestyle adjustments under professional guidance are recommended [2]. Group 3: Nutritional Support for Cancer Patients - The goal of nutritional management for cancer patients is to prevent malnutrition, enhance treatment tolerance, and reduce adverse effects [3]. - A balanced diet with sufficient calories and quality protein intake is essential for cancer patients [3].

Core Insights - The 31st National Cancer Prevention and Control Publicity Week will take place from April 15 to 21, 2025, with the theme "Scientific Cancer Prevention, Healthy Living," aimed at promoting cancer prevention knowledge and encouraging early screening and treatment [1] Group 1: Cancer Statistics and Trends - Cancer remains a major cause of death in China since 2010, with increasing incidence, mortality rates, and disease burden due to factors like genetics, environment, lifestyle, and an aging population [1] - The incidence and mortality rates of cancers such as lung cancer, liver cancer, and colorectal cancer are notably high, while mediastinal tumors are less recognized by the public [2] Group 2: Mediastinal Tumors Overview - Mediastinal tumors are classified based on their location in the mediastinum, which includes critical organs like the thymus, heart, and major blood vessels [2] - Thymic epithelial tumors, including thymoma and thymic carcinoma, are common malignant tumors in this category, with detection rates increasing significantly due to enhanced screening methods [2] Group 3: Diagnosis and Treatment - Early-stage mediastinal tumors often present with subtle symptoms, making timely diagnosis challenging; symptoms may include chest discomfort, cough, and swallowing difficulties [4] - Current treatment options depend on tumor type and malignancy; benign tumors may only require monitoring, while malignant tumors often necessitate surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy [5][6] Group 4: Challenges and Future Directions - There are significant challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of mediastinal tumors, including reliance on physician experience for imaging diagnosis and limited treatment options for certain tumor types [6] - Future advancements may include the use of artificial intelligence for improved diagnostic accuracy and ongoing clinical research to explore new treatment modalities [6] Group 5: Public Awareness and Education - Public misconceptions about mediastinal tumors, such as the belief that all thymomas are benign, hinder timely treatment; education on the importance of regular check-ups and understanding treatment options is crucial [9] - Utilizing social media for medical education can enhance public awareness and understanding of mediastinal tumors, promoting better health outcomes [9]