我参与嫦娥型号探月任务已有20多年，主要研究方向是工程用模拟月壤研制。当我们拿到嫦娥六号带回 的月背月壤样品的那一刻，"开心"已不足以描述当时的心情，我们的理想正在一步步实现。通过研究月 壤，我们可以进行优化模拟，从而更好服务后续探月任务。 有了对嫦娥五号月壤样品研究的基础，我们在申请嫦娥六号月壤样品时，就已确定核心研究目标——系 统解析月壤中碳的特殊纳米结构。通过运用多种前沿显微与分析技术，结合多尺度分析方案，我们直接 捕捉到了典型中空管状结构且管壁约0.5纳米的清晰图像与动态视频证据，在国际上首次发现并确认了 天然形成的单壁碳纳米管和石墨碳。可以说，这一发现直接改写了我们对月球的认知，证明月球表面存 在能生成精细碳纳米结构的高能环境。 发现的背后其实有挑战。最关键的是，如何在透射电子显微镜下，既呈现出清晰的纳米结构，又避免高 能电子束对实验样品造成损伤。我们尝试了多种办法，最终决定双管齐下：对仪器参数进行精细优化的 同时，在样品制备和观测环节追求极致的效率，缩短观测时间。 新成果的诞生，是团队协同攻坚、求实创新的结晶。团队成员积累的理论研究基础与样品测试、娴熟制 样及数据分析等专长，都是成果取得的关键支撑 ...

Core Insights - The research team involved in the Chang'e 6 lunar sample analysis has made significant discoveries regarding the unique carbon nanostructures found in lunar soil, which challenge previous understandings of the Moon's surface environment [1][2] Group 1: Research Findings - The team successfully identified and confirmed the presence of naturally occurring single-walled carbon nanotubes and graphite carbon in lunar soil samples, marking a first in international research [1] - A comparative analysis between lunar surface samples and those from the far side revealed a higher number of carbon structural defects in the far side samples, indicating asymmetry in material composition and evolutionary processes between the two sides of the Moon [1] Group 2: Research Methodology - The research faced challenges in presenting clear nanostructures under transmission electron microscopy while preventing damage from high-energy electron beams, leading to a dual approach of optimizing instrument parameters and enhancing sample preparation efficiency [2] - The successful results were attributed to the collaborative efforts of the research team, which combined theoretical research foundations with practical skills in sample testing, preparation, and data analysis [2]

近日，吉林大学科研团队通过对嫦娥六号月壤样品的系统分析，在国际上首次发现并确认了天然形成的 单壁碳纳米管和石墨碳，揭示了月球表面"高能物理-化学过程"的精细程度，印证了月球背面地质活动 更活跃，为研究月球演化史提供关键数据。 来源：新华网 形成机制示意图。国家航天局供图 这一研究综合运用多种显微与光谱技术，对嫦娥六号采集的月球背面样品进行了系统表征，首次明确识 别出石墨碳，并追溯了其可能的形成与演化过程，也是在国际上首次证实了无需人工干预、天然形成的 单壁碳纳米管的存在。 研究表明，这些碳纳米管的形成可能与月球历史上微陨石撞击、火山活动及太阳风辐照等多因素协同作 用下的铁催化过程密切相关，展现了自然界在极端条件下合成关键材料的能力。 研究团队通过对比研究嫦娥六号月球背面样品与嫦娥五号月球正面样品，还发现嫦娥六号样品中的碳结 构具有更明显的缺陷特征，这可能与月球背面经历的更强烈的微陨石撞击历史有关；这一发现也揭示了 月球正面与背面在物质组成与演化过程上存在新的不对称性。 碳纳米管 这是吉林大学科研团队在嫦娥五号月球样品中发现少层石墨烯后，又一重要发现。相关研究成果于近日 发表在学术期刊《纳米快报》上。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The research team from Jilin University has made a significant discovery by identifying naturally formed single-walled carbon nanotubes and graphite carbon in lunar samples from the Chang'e 6 mission, providing critical data for understanding the Moon's evolutionary history [1][2]. Group 1 - The study utilized various microscopy and spectroscopy techniques to systematically characterize the lunar samples collected from the far side of the Moon, marking the first international confirmation of naturally occurring single-walled carbon nanotubes [1]. - The research indicates that the formation of these carbon nanotubes is closely related to multiple factors, including micro-meteorite impacts, volcanic activity, and solar wind irradiation, showcasing nature's ability to synthesize key materials under extreme conditions [1]. - A comparative study between the Chang'e 6 samples and those from the Chang'e 5 mission revealed that the carbon structures in the Chang'e 6 samples exhibit more pronounced defect characteristics, likely due to a more intense history of micro-meteorite impacts on the Moon's far side [2]. Group 2 - This discovery follows the previous finding of few-layer graphene in the Chang'e 5 lunar samples, highlighting a new asymmetry in the material composition and evolutionary processes between the Moon's near and far sides [2]. - The research findings have been published in the academic journal "Nano Letters," further contributing to the scientific understanding of lunar geology [2].