其他一级资本层面，优先股和永续债是主流工具。"近年来，银行永续债发行常态化，中国人民银行还 创设了央行票据互换工具（CBS）来提升永续债流动性。"曾刚表示，二级资本方面，主要通过发行二 级资本债券来补充。此外，可转债兼具债券和股权转换特性，也是国有大行资本补充的重要渠道。 财政部是今年四家国有大行定向增发的共同发行对象。业内专家认为，作为国有大行控股股东，财政部 在关键时点通过定向增发注资，发挥着"压舱石"作用。 "国有大行在资本补充方面多渠道组合的运用，既满足了资本充足率监管要求，也平衡了股东回报与资 本积累的关系，为支持实体经济、承担系统重要性银行职能提供了坚实的资本保障。"曾刚表示。 继中国银行和建设银行之后，又一家国有大行宣布变更注册资本。 近日，交通银行（601328）发布关于变更注册资本的公告。公告显示，在完成向特定对象发行A股股票 后，交通银行就变更注册资本事项向国家金融监督管理总局提出了申请并已收到金融监管总局的批复同 意。 交通银行在公告中表示，该行注册资本增加141.01亿元人民币，由742.63亿元人民币变更为883.64亿元 人民币。此前，中国银行和建设银行变更注册资本同样也是因为完成 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article provides a comparative analysis of Jiangsu Bank and Nanjing Bank, highlighting their strengths, market positions, and financial performance, indicating that Jiangsu Bank has outperformed Nanjing Bank in several key financial metrics and is positioned as the largest city commercial bank in China as of mid-2025 [2][45]. Group 1: Background and Structure - Jiangsu Bank was established in January 2007 through the merger of city commercial banks in ten cities in Jiangsu Province, excluding Nanjing [3]. - Nanjing Bank was founded in 1996, evolving from 39 city credit cooperatives and has undergone several name changes and ownership changes, including foreign investments [4][6]. Group 2: Shareholding Structure - Jiangsu Bank's top shareholders include Jiangsu International Trust Co., Ltd. (6.98%) and Jiangsu Phoenix Publishing & Media Group Co., Ltd. (6.93%), both state-owned enterprises [4]. - Nanjing Bank's major shareholders include BNP Paribas (12.93%) and Nanjing Zijin Investment Group Co., Ltd. (10.92%), with significant foreign investment [6]. Group 3: Capital Market - Both banks are listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, with Jiangsu Bank listed since August 2016 and Nanjing Bank since 2007 [7][8][9]. Group 4: Operational Coverage - Both banks have achieved full coverage across 13 cities in Jiangsu Province, with Jiangsu Bank having 17 branches and 522 sub-branches, while Nanjing Bank has 16 branches and 289 outlets [11]. Group 5: Subsidiaries - Jiangsu Bank has four subsidiaries, including Su Yin Financial Leasing Co., Ltd. and Su Yin Wealth Management Co., Ltd. [12]. - Nanjing Bank has three subsidiaries and also holds stakes in three other companies, indicating a broader business scope [13]. Group 6: Employee Situation - As of the end of 2024, Jiangsu Bank had 20,780 employees, with 20.70% holding master's degrees, while Nanjing Bank had 18,045 employees, with 30.13% holding master's degrees [14]. Group 7: Financial Performance - In 2024, Jiangsu Bank's total assets reached 395.20 billion, with a net profit of 318.43 billion, while Nanjing Bank's total assets were 259.14 billion, with a net profit of 201.77 billion [15]. - By mid-2025, Jiangsu Bank's total assets increased to 478.85 billion, while Nanjing Bank's reached 290.14 billion, indicating Jiangsu Bank's growth trajectory [15]. Group 8: Long-term Trends - Over the past decade, Jiangsu Bank's total assets have consistently been about 1.5 times larger than those of Nanjing Bank, with both banks showing growth [19]. - Jiangsu Bank's operating income has also consistently exceeded that of Nanjing Bank, with a growing margin from 1.18 times in 2016 to 1.61 times in 2024 [21]. Group 9: Asset Quality - Both banks maintain strong asset quality, with non-performing loan ratios below 0.9% and high provision coverage ratios exceeding 300% [18][34]. - Jiangsu Bank's provision coverage ratio has improved significantly from 192.06% to over 350% [35]. Group 10: Compensation and Benefits - Jiangsu Bank's employee costs have consistently been higher than those of Nanjing Bank, with average salaries of approximately 560,000 and 530,000 respectively [42][43].

Core Viewpoint - The independent directors of China Construction Bank have effectively fulfilled their roles in decision-making, supervision, and professional consultation, contributing to the bank's high-quality development and management improvement [2][23]. Group 1: Independent Directors' Roles and Responsibilities - The independent directors, including Graham Wheeler and Michel Madelan, have actively participated in board meetings and committees, providing valuable insights on macroeconomic trends and technological developments [1][2][23]. - The board consists of six independent directors from various countries, ensuring a diverse range of expertise in finance, regulation, and management [2][3]. - Independent directors have maintained their independence and objectivity, complying with relevant laws and regulations [2][3]. Group 2: Meeting Attendance and Participation - Wheeler attended all three shareholder meetings and 9 out of 11 board meetings, while Madelan attended all meetings, demonstrating their commitment to governance [5][26]. - The board held 31 committee meetings, reviewing a total of 226 proposals, indicating active engagement in governance [4][26]. Group 3: Risk Management and Compliance - Independent directors have emphasized the importance of risk management, focusing on credit risk, compliance, and the impact of geopolitical and economic changes on the bank's operations [7][9][29]. - They have guided the bank in enhancing its risk control mechanisms, particularly in real estate and inclusive finance sectors [9][29]. Group 4: ESG and Sustainable Development - The independent directors have integrated ESG considerations into the bank's operations, achieving a AAA rating in ESG from MSCI, which positions the bank as a leader in sustainable finance [10][30]. - Regular discussions on ESG progress and compliance with climate-related disclosure requirements have been conducted to ensure alignment with international standards [10][30]. Group 5: Financial Oversight and Reporting - Independent directors have closely monitored financial reporting, ensuring compliance with accounting standards and regulatory requirements [11][31]. - They have approved the annual financial reports and internal control evaluations, reinforcing the bank's commitment to transparency and accountability [11][32]. Group 6: Governance and Management Changes - The board has overseen the appointment and evaluation of senior management, ensuring that the bank's leadership aligns with its strategic goals [33]. - Independent directors have supported the development of performance evaluation schemes for management, promoting accountability and effective governance [33].