1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The pulp futures have reached an absolute low, but there is no upward driving force at present. It is recommended to wait and see. The supply is relatively strong, the demand is neutral, the inventory is bearish, and the valuation is relatively strong [3]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Main Viewpoints and Strategy Overview - **Supply**: Suzano announced price increases in September 2025, with a $20/ton increase in Asia and an $80/ton increase in Europe and the United States. The foreign market quotes have risen for two consecutive periods, strongly supporting domestic pulp prices. The pulp supply in the fourth quarter is expected to decline as the shipment volume from three South American countries to China decreased in August [3]. - **Demand**: The monthly output of major finished paper has increased, but the prices of mainstream finished paper are running at a low level. Some white cardboard and offset paper mills have issued price increase letters, but the implementation remains to be confirmed [3]. - **Inventory**: As of September 11, 2025, the inventory of mainstream ports in China was 2.062 million tons, a decrease of 0.4 million tons from the previous period, a month - on - month decline of 0.2%. The inventory is at a high level with a narrow - range de - stocking trend [3]. - **Valuation**: The basis of broadleaf pulp has strengthened to over - 1000 yuan, and pulp futures have entered a low - valuation range [3]. - **Investment Viewpoint**: Pulp futures have reached an absolute low, but there is no upward driving force. It is recommended to wait and see. Pay attention to the de - stocking of pulp warehouse receipts [3]. 3.2 Futures and Spot Market Review - **Futures Market**: Last week, pulp futures fluctuated at a low level. After hitting a low, they rebounded slightly, but the high inventory indicates that the supply - demand situation has not improved significantly. Next week, focus on whether the warehouse receipts decrease after the delivery of the 09 contract is completed [7]. - **Spot Market**: The price of broadleaf pulp is stable, while the price of silver star has decreased. The price of coniferous pulp silver star is 5620 yuan/ton, a week - on - week decrease of 80 yuan/ton and a month - on - month decrease of 200 yuan/ton. The price of coniferous pulp cloth needle is 4950 yuan/ton, a week - on - week decrease of 20 yuan/ton and a month - on - month decrease of 130 yuan/ton. The price of broadleaf pulp goldfish is 4150 yuan/ton, a week - on - week and month - on - month decrease of 20 yuan/ton [16]. - **Foreign Market Quotes**: In August, Arauco notified that the price of coniferous pulp silver star was $720/ton, the price of broadleaf pulp star was $520/ton with a 50% reduction in supply, and the price of natural pulp Venus was $590/ton. Suzano announced price increases in September 2025 [20]. - **Total Futures Positions**: As of September 12, 2025, the total positions of pulp futures contracts were 365,839 lots, a 6.11% increase from last week. The positions of the main pulp futures contract were 187,747 lots, a 2.35% increase from last week [21]. 3.3 Pulp Supply - Demand Fundamental Data - **Import Volume**: In July, the import volume of pulp decreased. The total pulp import volume was 2.877 million tons, a 5.08% decrease from the previous period. The import volume of coniferous pulp was 646,000 tons, a 4.72% decrease, and the import volume of broadleaf pulp was 1.351 million tons, a 5.85% decrease. The import volume of broadleaf wood chips was 1.341 million tons, a 3.79% increase [4]. - **Inventory**: The pulp port and warehouse receipt quantities have decreased. As of September 11, 2025, the port pulp inventory was 2.062 million tons, a 0.19% decrease from the previous period, and the delivery warehouse inventory was 245,000 tons, a 0.73% decrease [4]. - **Overseas Inventory**: The inventory of overseas pulp mills has changed. The inventory days of world 20 - country commodity pulp suppliers at the end of July were 47 days. The inventory days of bleached softwood pulp were 50 days, and the inventory days of bleached hardwood pulp were 45 days. In July 2025, the European port pulp inventory at the end of the month was 1.5275 million tons, a 1.9% month - on - month decrease [50]. - **Downstream Demand**: - **Price**: As of September 12, 2025, the price of offset paper was 4818 yuan/ton, a 2.65% month - on - month decrease; the price of coated paper was 5000 yuan/ton, a 2.9% month - on - month decrease; the price of tissue paper was 5583 yuan/ton, unchanged month - on - month; the price of white cardboard was 3964 yuan/ton, a 0.35% month - on - month increase [55]. - **Output**: In August 2025, the output of offset paper was 724,000 tons, a 1.7% month - on - month decrease and a 9.4% year - on - year decrease; the output of coated paper was 375,000 tons, a 1.7% month - on - month decrease and a 2.2% year - on - year increase; the output of tissue paper was 840,000 tons, a 6.8% month - on - month increase and a 13.5% year - on - year increase; the output of white cardboard was 958,000 tons, a 4.5% month - on - month decrease and a 5.4% year - on - year decrease [62]. - **Inventory**: As of August 2025, the inventory of offset paper was 1.76 million tons, a 1.8% month - on - month increase and a 6.8% year - on - year increase; the inventory of coated paper was 1.182 million tons, a 0.34% month - on - month increase and a 1.5% year - on - year decrease; the inventory of tissue paper was 355,000 tons, an 8.9% month - on - month decrease and an 8.23% year - on - year increase; the inventory of white cardboard was 2.2899 million tons, a 0.5% month - on - month increase and a 5% year - on - year decrease [69]. - **European and American Demand**: In July 2025, the inventory - to - consumption ratio of European coniferous pulp decreased, and the inventory - to - consumption ratio of broadleaf pulp decreased. The inventory - to - consumption ratio of European coniferous pulp was 27.2 days, a 1.3 - day month - on - month decrease and a 2.1 - day year - on - year increase; the inventory - to - consumption ratio of broadleaf pulp was 24.1 days, a 2.5 - day month - on - month decrease and a 2.8 - day year - on - year increase. As of July 2025, the capacity utilization rate of US paper products was 82.92%, a 0.30% month - on - month decrease. In June 2025, the inventory - sales ratio of US paper products was 1.06, a 0.01 month - on - month increase and a 0.05 year - on - year increase [96]. 3.4 Pulp Futures Valuation - **Spread**: The basis of broadleaf Russian needle has strengthened, and the 11 - 1 inter - month spread has widened. As of September 12, 2025, the basis of Shandong Russian needle was - 40 yuan/ton, a 52 - yuan/ton increase from last week; the basis of Shandong silver star was 630 yuan/ton, an 8 - yuan/ton decrease from last week. The 11 - 1 month spread was - 288 yuan/ton, a 22 - yuan/ton decrease from last week [102]. - **Import Profit**: As of September 12, 2025, the import profit of coniferous pulp was - 178 yuan/ton, a 66 - yuan/ton decrease from last week; the import profit of broadleaf pulp was - 43 yuan/ton, a 17 - yuan/ton decrease from last week [106]. - **Needle - Broadleaf Spread**: As of September 12, 2025, the needle - broadleaf spread in Shandong, China, was 1437 yuan/ton, a 55 - yuan/ton decrease from last week. In July 2024, the needle - broadleaf import ratio in China was 0.48, a 0.01 increase from the previous month [108].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In August, the pulp supply side is abundant while the improvement on the demand side is limited. With the policy and fundamentals presenting a mixed picture of bullish and bearish factors, there is a lack of a single - sided driving force. It is expected that the main futures contract will operate in a wide - range oscillation [4]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 Pulp Price Analysis - **Spot Pulp Price Review**: In July, the spot market price of pulp showed a pattern of weak softwood pulp and strong hardwood pulp. The prices of softwood pulp such as Silver Star, Cariboo, and Northern Wood in Shandong decreased, while the prices of hardwood pulp like Goldfish, Bird, and Alpine increased. The prices of chemimechanical pulp, natural pulp, sugarcane pulp, and bamboo pulp were stable, and the price of reed pulp in Northeast China decreased [11][12]. - **Pulp Futures Market Technical Chart Analysis**: Since its listing in November 2018, the weighted monthly K - line chart of pulp futures has generally shown a converging triangle consolidation pattern. It is expected that the pulp price will continue to oscillate above the lower track of the converging triangle in August [15]. - **Pulp Futures - Spot Basis Comparison**: In July, the main pulp futures contract increased, and the overall increase in the spot price of wood pulp was less than that of the futures, so the basis discount margin decreased [19]. - **Log Futures Market Review**: In July, the log futures contract 2509 showed a continued oscillating rebound. The trading volume decreased slightly, and the open interest increased slightly [21]. 3.2 Pulp Supply - Side Analysis - **Pulp Supply - Demand Balance Forecast**: It is estimated that the pulp production in August will be 2.126 million tons, a 0.1% month - on - month increase, and the total supply will be 7.326 million tons, a 0.5% month - on - month increase [23]. - **Monthly Pulp Production**: In July 2025, the domestic pulp production increased slightly. The capacity utilization rate of hardwood pulp increased, while that of chemimechanical pulp decreased [25][30]. - **Pulp Import Volume**: In June 2025, the pulp import volume increased both month - on - month and year - on - year. The import volume of softwood pulp decreased month - on - month, while that of hardwood pulp increased. The import volume of natural pulp decreased month - on - month, and that of chemimechanical pulp increased [31][34][37]. - **Pulp Import Average Price**: In June 2025, the average import price of pulp continued to decline slightly month - on - month. The average import price of hardwood pulp was basically flat month - on - month, and that of natural pulp increased slightly [39][44]. 3.3 Pulp Demand - Side Analysis - **Domestic Pulp Actual Consumption**: In July 2025, the actual consumption of domestic pulp increased [45]. - **Wood Pulp Usage**: In July 2025, the wood pulp usage in household paper and white cardboard increased month - on - month, while the wood pulp usage in offset paper and coated paper increased month - on - month but decreased year - on - year [49][52]. - **Downstream Paper Production**: In July 2025, the monthly production of downstream household paper, offset paper, coated paper, and white cardboard all increased month - on - month [56][57][59][63]. - **Downstream Base Paper Spot Price Analysis**: In July, the spot prices of household paper and cultural paper continued to decline month - on - month, the prices of whiteboard paper and white cardboard decreased slightly month - on - month, the price of boxboard paper remained stable, and the price of corrugated paper decreased slightly [66][67][69]. 3.4 Pulp Inventory - Side Analysis - **Pulp Port Inventory**: In July, the overall port inventory showed a de - stocking trend, but the inventory in Qingdao Port increased. The inventories in Changshu Port and Gaolan Port decreased [71][75]. - **Futures Pulp Warehouse Receipts**: In July, the pulp futures warehouse receipts increased [76].

Report Summary 1) Report Industry Investment Rating No investment rating information is provided in the report. 2) Core View of the Report The pulp market lacks clear driving factors in the short - term, and a 7 - 9 reverse spread strategy is recommended [1]. 3) Summary by Related Catalogs a. Price Data - **Futures Prices**: On June 16, 2025, SP2601 was 5236, up 0.65% day - on - day and down 1.13% week - on - week; SP2507 was 5242, down 0.49% day - on - day and down 1.95% week - on - week; SP2509 was 5232, up 0.65% day - on - day and down 1.10% week - on - week [1]. - **Spot Prices**: Coniferous pulp Silver Star was 6100, unchanged day - on - day and down 0.81% week - on - week; Russian Coniferous pulp was 5300, unchanged day - on - day and down 0.93% week - on - week; Broadleaf pulp Goldfish was 4100, unchanged day - on - day and down 0.49% week - on - week [1]. - **Outer - Disk Quotes**: Chilean Silver Star was 740 dollars, unchanged; Chilean Star was 560 dollars, unchanged; Chilean Venus was 620 dollars, unchanged [1]. - **Import Costs**: Chilean Silver Star was 6046, unchanged; Chilean Star was 4587, unchanged; Chilean Venus was 5073, unchanged [1]. b. Fundamental Data - **Supply**: In April 2025, coniferous pulp imports were 75.8 tons, down 5.01% month - on - month; broadleaf pulp imports were 119.9 tons, down 18.44% month - on - month. The pulp shipments to China were 1353 tons, down 30.80% [1]. - **Inventory**: As of June 12, 2025, pulp port inventory was 218.5 tons, up 1.3% from the previous period; delivery warehouse inventory was 25.50 tons [1]. - **Demand**: The production of finished paper remained stable. Double - offset paper production was 20.10 tons; coated paper production was 7.61 tons; household paper production was 28.00 tons; white cardboard production was 30.10 tons [1]. c. Valuation Data - **Basis**: On June 16, 2025, the Russian Coniferous pulp basis was 58, with a quantile level of 0.818; the Silver Star basis was 858, with a quantile level of 0.972 [1]. - **Import Profit**: The import profit of coniferous pulp Silver Star was 54, with a quantile level of 0.712; the import profit of broadleaf pulp Goldfish was - 487, with a quantile level of 0.204 [1]. d. Summary of Market Conditions - **Supply - Side**: Chilean Arauco's June 2025 wood pulp outer - disk quotes: coniferous pulp Silver Star was 740 dollars/ton (face value), unchanged; broadleaf pulp had no supply in June, with limited supply expected to resume in July; natural pulp Venus was 620 dollars/ton (face value), unchanged. In April 2025, the shipments of M20 coniferous pulp to China decreased by 2.9% year - on - year, and the shipments of broadleaf pulp to China increased by 26.7% year - on - year [1]. - **Demand - Side**: Cultural paper and white cardboard manufacturers issued price increase letters, but the implementation was poor. Downstream paper mills made rigid purchases, and the production of major finished papers remained stable [1]. - **Inventory - Side**: As of June 12, 2025, the inventory of China's mainstream pulp ports was 218.5 tons, up 2.8 tons from the previous period, showing a slight inventory accumulation trend [1]. e. Strategy A 7 - 9 reverse spread strategy is recommended as the pulp market lacks clear driving factors in the short - term [1].