Group 1: Dietary Recommendations for Gastric Polyps - Individuals with gastric polyps should reduce consumption of four types of food that promote gastric acid secretion: sweets, glutinous rice, spicy foods, and gas-producing foods [1][2][4][5] - Foods that inhibit gastric acid secretion, such as alkaline vegetables, can be consumed appropriately [5] Group 2: Dietary Recommendations for Colonic Polyps - For those diagnosed with colonic polyps, it is advised to avoid fried, pickled, moldy, spicy, and hard foods to prevent irritation of the intestines and reduce cancer risk [6][7] - High-fat diets and pickled foods should also be limited due to their potential harm to the intestinal mucosa [9][11] Group 3: Dietary Recommendations for Breast Nodules - Individuals with breast nodules should limit intake of high-fat foods, alcohol, high-sugar foods, and high-salt foods [13][14] - There is no substantial evidence linking honey consumption to breast cancer, despite some claims regarding its estrogen content [14]

Core Viewpoint - The increasing detection of thyroid nodules due to enhanced ultrasound technology and health check-ups raises concerns among individuals, despite most nodules being benign. There is a need for proper understanding and management of thyroid nodules, as many popular remedies circulating online may pose health risks [1][2]. Group 1: Types of Thyroid Nodules - Thyroid nodules are categorized into three types: solid nodules, cystic nodules, and mixed nodules. Solid nodules, which consist of follicular cell proliferation, generally do not disappear. Cystic nodules may shrink or disappear if the cystic fluid is absorbed by the body. Mixed nodules may reduce in size but will not completely vanish [2]. - Subacute thyroiditis can lead to nodules that may shrink or disappear after inflammation subsides [2]. Group 2: Risks of Popular Remedies - There are currently no specific medications to reduce or eliminate thyroid nodules. Popular remedies such as hot compresses and dandelion tea may carry health risks. For instance, hot compresses can increase blood supply to the nodules, potentially causing them to grow larger [2]. - Dandelion tea does not guarantee the elimination of nodules and may cause discomfort in individuals with certain health conditions. Other methods like massage, acupuncture, and scraping do not address the underlying issues of nodules [2]. Group 3: Treatment Options - Surgical intervention or radiofrequency ablation may be considered for malignant or suspicious nodules, large benign nodules causing symptoms, or specific thyroid conditions. A cytological diagnosis is necessary before considering radiofrequency ablation [5]. - Most benign thyroid nodules do not require medication if they are not associated with hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. It is advised to avoid unverified remedies and to manage health scientifically with regular follow-ups [5].

Group 1 - The core issue of iodine deficiency remains a public health concern in China, with a significant portion of the population still lacking adequate iodine intake despite improvements over the years [2][4][3] - The recommended daily iodine intake for pregnant women is 230 micrograms, which is double that of adults, highlighting the importance of sufficient iodine during pregnancy to prevent developmental issues in infants [1][2] - The implementation of universal salt iodization has been effective in reducing the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders, with a reported iodized salt coverage rate of 94.8% and a suitable iodine nutrition status among pregnant women [3][4] Group 2 - Despite the progress made, there is a growing misconception among the public that iodine deficiency is no longer a concern, leading to increased consumption of non-iodized salt [4][6] - Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which are crucial for metabolism and overall health; a lack of iodine can lead to various health issues, including thyroid dysfunction [4][6] - Epidemiological studies indicate that iodine deficiency is a risk factor for thyroid nodules, and adequate iodine intake may help reduce the incidence of such conditions [7][6] Group 3 - The majority of salt consumed in China is from well and rock salt (87%), with iodized salt being the recommended option to meet iodine needs while also addressing sodium intake [8] - In coastal regions, despite the availability of iodine-rich foods like seaweed, the consumption frequency is low, making iodized salt a necessary source of iodine for residents [9][8] - The public health strategy of iodizing salt is recognized as a safe, effective, and low-cost method to ensure adequate iodine intake across the population [7][3]

每经记者 陈星 每经编辑 杨夏 检查出肺结节后，是立即进行手术切除，还是进行随访观察结节进展？这一问题不仅让患者纠结，很多时候也让 临床医生举棋不定。此前，已有多位医学专家提到肺结节过度干预的问题。 4月27日，四川大学华西医院常务副院长、胸部肿瘤研究所所长刘伦旭接受《每日经济新闻》记者采访时坦 言："目前缺乏一个处理肺结节的最佳临界点。采用手术方式处理早期良性结节，或者延误处理导致病人面临更大 手术创伤或癌变，都是肺结节临床治疗中面临的现实问题"。 前述问题之所以存在，很大程度上是由于现有的胸腔镜手术虽然能够通过肺楔形切除、肺段切除甚至肺叶切除， 对肺结节进行处理，但却不可避免地会造成较大体表创伤和肺组织损伤。如果能够实现更小伤害、更少损伤的手 术方式，肺结节的"过度干预"问题就能得到一定程度缓解。 近期，四川大学华西医院刘伦旭团队国际首创的"经皮穿刺肺结节球形切除术"就带来了一种新的肺结节解决方 案。这种创新术式在全球范围内首次实现肺小结节的超微创精准切除，对于低度恶性惰性肿瘤或磨玻璃表现为主 的早期肺癌、癌前病变可以达到治疗目的，同时最大限度减少手术创伤。 四川大学华西医院常务副院长、胸部肿瘤研究所所长 ...

据介绍，磨玻璃结节可能长期保持惰性不发展，也可能逐渐发展为实性结节，进而演变成浸润性腺 癌，但这个过程通常很缓慢，以"年"为单位计算。黄佳强调，判断是否需要手术，要综合多方面因素。 对于低危结节，如纯磨玻璃结节小于6mm的，建议随访观察。对于相对的高危结节，如纯磨玻璃结节 ≥1cm、混合型磨玻璃结节≥8mm，或者CT表现有含空泡、含实性成分、异质性等特征以及随访过程中 出现密度增加、出现实性成分、直径增大超过2mm等变化的，可考虑手术。对于中危结节，若位于外 周，切除范围小，可相对积极处理；若位于中央，考虑到对肺功能影响大，应尽量保守。 人体为何会长肺结节？"在中医看来，肺结节的形成主要有内因和外因两方面。"蔡霄月表示，"内 因主要是由于正气不足。随着年龄的增长，人体各项机能衰退，正气逐渐虚弱；长期过度劳累、精神压 力大、生活不规律等，也会损耗正气，导致抵抗力下降。此时，人体就像失去坚固城墙保护的城市，易 受外界病邪的侵袭。" "外因主要包括外邪感染和环境污染。风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火等六淫之邪侵犯人体，若不能及时 驱散，就可能在肺部积聚。"这位专家解释，"外因会导致全身和肺部气血不畅，出现气滞、痰凝、血瘀 的 ...