国庆、中秋假期，人员流动与聚集、境内游和出境游明显增多。国家疾病预防控制局日前作出健康防护 提示：假期出行时应注意预防诺如病毒感染、登革热、基孔肯雅热、霍乱、新冠病毒感染、猴痘、食物 中毒等。 节假日期间聚餐和在外就餐机会增加，食物中毒风险也相应增加。外出就餐应选择证照齐全、卫生条件 好的餐饮单位。家庭烹饪时要保持烹饪区域清洁，处理食物前后勤洗手，准备食物时生熟分开，烹饪菜 肴要烧熟煮透。不采食不明野生蘑菇和野菜。 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年10月02日 02 版） (责编：白宇、卫嘉) 霍乱为肠道传染病，主要通过摄入含有霍乱弧菌的水和食物传播，主要临床症状为不伴发热的严重水样 腹泻，可导致快速脱水。霍乱的主要预防措施包括注意饮食和饮水卫生，尽量吃熟食，不吃生的或未完 全煮熟的肉类、海鲜和蔬菜，食用水果前需彻底清洗，饮用水应选择开水或未开封的预包装水和饮料。 新型冠状病毒感染发病后，主要症状包括咽干、咽痛、咳嗽和发热等，部分患者可伴有肌肉酸痛、嗅觉 味觉减退或丧失、鼻塞、流涕、腹泻、结膜炎等。老年人和免疫功能低下者感染后转为重症的风险相对 较高。主要预防措施包括保持良好的卫生习惯，咳嗽或打喷嚏时，用纸巾、 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent heavy rainfall across multiple regions has led to flooding, creating health risks due to the proliferation of pathogens in contaminated water and debris [1] Group 1: Prevention of Waterborne Diseases - Floodwaters can contaminate drinking water and food supplies, leading to outbreaks of intestinal diseases such as bacterial dysentery and viral infections [2] - Recommendations to prevent waterborne diseases include frequent handwashing, ensuring safe drinking water, consuming properly cooked food, and seeking medical attention for symptoms like fever and nausea [3] Group 2: Prevention of Skin Infections - Accumulated water post-flooding can harbor waste and debris, increasing the risk of skin infections like dermatitis and athlete's foot [4] - It is advised to avoid direct contact with contaminated water, wear protective clothing, and clean any wounds promptly to prevent infections [4] Group 3: Prevention of Vector-Borne Diseases - Stagnant water mixed with waste creates an ideal breeding ground for mosquitoes, raising the risk of vector-borne diseases such as chikungunya and dengue fever [5] - To mitigate the spread of these diseases, it is essential to eliminate standing water, use mosquito repellents, and install protective barriers like screens and nets [5]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the increased risk of intestinal infectious diseases following heavy rainfall due to environmental damage and high humidity, highlighting the need for preventive measures to avoid outbreaks [1] Group 1: Prevention Measures - The first measure is to ensure drinking water hygiene by consuming boiled water or certified bottled water, avoiding rainwater or other unknown sources for cooking and washing [2] - The second measure focuses on food hygiene, recommending the disposal of food and beverages contaminated by rainwater, thorough cleaning and disinfection of kitchenware, and ensuring food is fully cooked before consumption [3] - The third measure stresses the importance of personal hygiene habits, such as washing hands with soap and water before meals and after using the restroom, and proper disposal of household waste [4] Group 2: Environmental and Health Management - The fourth measure highlights the need for environmental hygiene, including ventilation in enclosed spaces and eliminating mosquito breeding sites to prevent bites [5] - The fifth measure calls for strict management of food industry personnel, ensuring compliance with hygiene regulations and immediate cessation of work if any health symptoms arise [7] - The sixth measure encourages maintaining a healthy lifestyle and monitoring health, advising timely medical consultation for symptoms like diarrhea, vomiting, or fever [9]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the increased risk of intestinal infectious diseases during the summer due to high temperatures and humidity, highlighting the importance of food and water hygiene to prevent transmission [1][4]. Group 1: Disease Overview - Common intestinal infectious diseases in summer include hand-foot-mouth disease and bacterial dysentery, primarily transmitted through food, drinking water, and daily contact [1]. - Pathogens responsible for these diseases include bacteria such as pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Shigella, as well as viruses like Norovirus, Rotavirus, Astrovirus, Starvirus, and enteric adenovirus [1][4]. Group 2: Symptoms and Health Risks - Symptoms of intestinal infectious diseases typically include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite, which can lead to malnutrition, anemia, and decreased immunity if prolonged [4]. - Severe cases may result in dehydration, and in rare instances, can be life-threatening [4]. Group 3: Prevention and Hygiene Practices - It is crucial to maintain food hygiene, such as boiling drinking water, separating raw and cooked foods to avoid cross-contamination, and properly storing leftovers in the refrigerator [4]. - Good dietary habits should be cultivated, including hand hygiene before meals and after using the restroom, avoiding overeating, and ensuring that raw foods are thoroughly washed [4]. Group 4: Recommendations for Diarrhea Management - In cases of diarrhea, it is not recommended to fast or avoid water; instead, light and easily digestible foods should be consumed [4]. - If diarrhea is mild, symptoms can generally improve within 2 to 3 days with dietary adjustments and rest; however, severe symptoms such as high fever, bloody stools, and signs of dehydration require immediate medical attention [4].

Group 1 - The core message emphasizes the increased risk of infectious intestinal diseases such as diarrhea and typhoid fever following flooding in southern regions, urging the public to take preventive measures [1][2] - Experts recommend ensuring safe drinking water by boiling it or using certified bottled water, and maintaining cleanliness of water containers to prevent contamination [1] - Food safety guidelines suggest consuming unspoiled fruits and vegetables, and if necessary, properly disinfecting flood-affected produce before consumption [1] Group 2 - Post-flood, it is crucial to maintain environmental and personal hygiene by ventilating homes, cleaning surfaces, and removing mold and debris [2] - In case of diarrhea, a recommended remedy is a homemade rehydration solution using mineral water, salt, and sugar, while also advising caution for specific warning signs that require medical attention [2]