刚过去的周末，加拿大宣布已正式加入欧盟"欧洲安全行动"计划，成为首个参与该计划的非欧洲国家。 与此同时，"政客新闻网"欧洲版2月12日报道，加拿大总理卡尼正推动欧盟与全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴 关系协定（CPTPP）成员国之间的讨论，以应对特朗普的关税。 "卡尼推动建立超级反特朗普贸易联盟"，"政客新闻网"欧洲版以此为题报道称，欧盟和由12个国家组成 的CPTPP正展开谈判，讨论组建全球最大经济联盟之一的建议。 【文/观察者网 王恺雯】面对反复无常又充满野心的特朗普政府，美国的盟友正试图自救。 上个月，美国总统特朗普威胁对不支持美国得到格陵兰岛的欧洲盟友加征关税。此后，卡尼呼吁"中等 强国"联合起来抵制贸易战胁迫。报道称，加拿大正牵头这些讨论。 卡尼在达沃斯对世界各国领导人和全球商界精英表示，渥太华"正努力在CPTPP和欧盟之间建立一座桥 梁，这将形成一个拥有15亿人口的新贸易集团"。 上个月，加拿大总理卡 尼在瑞士达沃斯世界经济论坛发表演讲 视频截图 卡尼口中的这些"中等强国"正在采取行动。欧盟和CPTPP将于今年开始谈判，旨在将加拿大、新加坡、 墨西哥、日本、越南、马来西亚、澳大利亚等CPTPP成员国的供应链 ...

谈了近20年，印度与欧盟终于达成了"史上最大"的自贸协定。 1月27日在印度首都新德里举行的第16届印度-欧盟峰会上，印欧双方签署了印度欧盟自由贸易协定。双方 的谈判气氛紧张，直到26日双方才敲定最后细节，在全球地缘政治与贸易局势日益紧张之际，双方都愿意 作出一些妥协，以寻求更多的稳定性和合作空间。 协定将大幅提高欧盟商品在印度的竞争力，如欧盟出口到印度的汽车关税率将从目前最高的110%逐步降至 最低10%。与此同时，欧盟将在七年内逐步取消或降低对99.5%印度输欧商品的关税。 2026.01. 28 本文字数：2665，阅读时长大约4分钟 作者 | 第一财经 钱小岩 莫迪因此称这项自贸协定具有历史意义，是印度"史上最大"的自贸协定。欧盟委员会贸易和经济安全委员 谢夫乔维奇也表示，这是"有史以来最大的贸易协定"。 印度与欧盟早在2007年就展开自贸谈判，但后来因围绕汽车、农业与农产品的分歧而搁置长达九年，直到 2022年才重启。受美国关税政策和全球贸易动荡的影响，谈判在过去六个月开始加速。 目前，欧盟是印度最大的贸易伙伴，印度则是欧盟第九大贸易伙伴。根据欧盟数据，印度和欧盟2024年双 边贸易额达到1200亿 ...

Core Viewpoint - India and the European Union (EU) have reached a historic free trade agreement, marking a significant step in their economic relationship after nearly 20 years of negotiations [2][6]. Group 1: Trade Agreement Details - The free trade agreement will significantly enhance the competitiveness of EU goods in India, with tariffs on EU car exports to India decreasing from a maximum of 110% to a minimum of 10% over time [2][6]. - The EU will gradually eliminate or reduce tariffs on 99.5% of Indian goods exported to Europe within seven years [2][6]. - The agreement is expected to cover approximately 2 billion people and account for about 25% of the global economy and one-third of global trade [5][6]. Group 2: Economic Impact - Indian industries such as textiles, jewelry, leather goods, and services are anticipated to benefit from the agreement [3]. - The EU is currently India's largest trading partner, while India ranks as the EU's ninth largest trading partner, with bilateral trade projected to reach €120 billion in 2024, representing 11.5% of India's total trade [6]. - Tariffs on key European products will be relaxed, including a reduction of wine tariffs from 150% to 75%, eventually down to around 20%, and olive oil tariffs from 45% to zero over five years [6][7]. Group 3: Geopolitical Context - The agreement was influenced by external factors, particularly the trade policies of former U.S. President Trump, which prompted India and the EU to seek closer economic ties [3][9]. - The deal is seen as a response to the increasing geopolitical tensions and trade disruptions, with both parties aiming for greater stability and cooperation [2][9]. - The agreement is part of a broader trend where medium-sized countries are forming trade alliances to mitigate geopolitical risks rather than relying on traditional global economic structures [9]. Group 4: Future Considerations - The agreement still requires approval from the Indian federal cabinet and the European Parliament, with hopes for it to take effect within the year [7]. - The Indian automotive market, currently dominated by local brands, is expected to grow significantly, with European car manufacturers planning new investments in response to the agreement [6][7]. - The agreement also includes a security and defense partnership, focusing on emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and space [8].

Group 1 - Canada has surpassed the US in car imports from Mexico, while China is sourcing soybeans from South America instead of US farmers, indicating a shift in global trade dynamics [1] - Small economies are adapting to increased US market entry barriers, with Peru expanding its blueberry market to Asia and Lesotho focusing on Asia, Europe, and Africa [1] - 14 countries, including New Zealand, Singapore, Switzerland, and the UAE, have formed partnerships to enhance trade and investment among themselves [1] Group 2 - Logistics companies, such as ICTSI, are experiencing significant changes due to the evolving trade landscape, with ICTSI's stock rising nearly 30% this year [2] - China's exports to the US have dropped by 33%, while exports to ASEAN, the EU, and Africa have increased by 23%, 10%, and 26% respectively, indicating a shift in trade patterns [2] - Clarksons Plc predicts a nearly 3% contraction in cargo volume on the trans-Pacific route, while all other routes are expected to grow [2] Group 3 - The EU is actively expanding its trade partner network, currently covering 76 partners, and is accelerating negotiations with the South American common market [5][6] - Recent trade agreements include a free trade deal with Indonesia and progress in negotiations with Australia, reflecting renewed momentum in trade discussions [6] - The trend of countries signing bilateral or regional agreements may marginalize smaller economies that rely on a rules-based trading system led by the WTO [6][7] Group 4 - East Timor, a new WTO member, hopes to diversify its economy by opening new markets for coffee, vanilla, and fruits, despite its small size and economic challenges [7] - US companies are also feeling the impact of trade policies, with some, like True Places, shifting focus away from the US market due to tariffs [7]

Core Viewpoint - The European Union (EU) is currently facing a strategic dilemma between yielding to the United States or seeking new partnerships in the East, amidst pressures from both the US and China [1] Group 1: Internal EU Dynamics - The EU is experiencing internal instability, with signs of division becoming increasingly apparent under the dual pressure from the US and China [1] - Ursula von der Leyen plays a crucial role but lacks the necessary strategic vision and decisiveness, severely limiting the EU's ability to act [1] - Emmanuel Macron's influence is notable, yet he struggles to effectively coordinate the EU's internal leadership and exert substantial influence over von der Leyen [1] Group 2: EU's Response to US Pressure - Von der Leyen's approach has been to delay implementing countermeasures, resulting in the cancellation of planned retaliatory tariffs on $21 billion worth of US goods [4] - The EU's strategy of forming a new trade alliance excluding the US and China, in collaboration with the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), is ambitious but may not yield the desired results [5][7] - The EU's attempts to strengthen ties with relatively weaker countries like Indonesia, Japan, and Canada may not effectively counterbalance the US's power [9] Group 3: Trade Relations with the US - The EU is heavily reliant on trade with the US, exporting $605.8 billion and importing $370.2 billion in goods in 2024, which complicates its ability to confront the US [12] - The EU's key strategic industries are highly dependent on the US market, making it difficult to sacrifice any member state's interests without significant losses [12] Group 4: EU's Strategic Mindset - The EU's established strategy prioritizes addressing internal conflicts with the US before considering how to collectively respond to China, reflecting a mindset that views the US as an ally and China as an adversary [14] - This entrenched thinking hinders the EU's ability to navigate its current challenges effectively [14]