2025.11. 20 本文字数：913，阅读时长大约2分钟 作者 | 第一财经 杜川 11月，两个期限品种的LPR（贷款市场报价利率）报价保持不变，符合市场预期，这也是LPR连续6 个月保持不变。 11月20日，中国人民银行授权全国银行间同业拆借中心公布，当日LPR为：1年期LPR为3.0%，5年 期以上LPR为3.5%。 银行息差缩窄压力仍然不小，当前报价行缺乏主动下调LPR报价加点的动力。三季度末商业银行净 息差为1.42%，尽管与二季度末持平，但较去年四季度末下降了10个基点。 招联首席研究员董希淼认为，综合融资成本下降是货币条件比较宽松的重要体现。近年来企业和居民 融资成本低位下行，说明货币条件比较宽松、资金供给比较充裕。在这种情况下，引导LPR下降并 非当务之急。 东方金诚首席宏观分析师王青认为，6月以来LPR报价一直按兵不动，背后的根本原因是受年初以来 出口超预期、国内新质生产力领域较快发展等推动，宏观经济走势稳中偏强，逆周期调节需求相应下 降，货币政策保持较强定力。 但受内外部多重因素影响，近期经济增长动能有所回落，其中，10月国内投资、消费、工业生产等 宏观数据下行势头引发关注，出口增速由正 ...

Summary of Key Points Core Viewpoint - In May, financial institutions received a total of 478 fines amounting to 91.346 million yuan, with both the number of fines and the total amount showing a month-on-month decline compared to April [1]. Group 1: Penalty Situation in May - The National Financial Regulatory Administration reduced its penalty intensity in May, with the number of fines decreasing by 18.77% and the total amount decreasing by 13.84% compared to April [2]. - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) slightly increased the number of fines by 7.45%, while the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) saw a significant decrease of 51.11% in the number of fines issued [2]. - Fines for banks, insurance companies, securities firms, and futures companies decreased by 5.8%, 26.27%, 33.33%, and 38.46% respectively compared to April [6]. Group 2: Major Fines in May - Only one fine exceeded 2 million yuan in May, with Xingtai Bank penalized 2.85 million yuan for inaccurate loan risk classification and poor management of non-performing loans [9]. Group 3: Compliance Cases in May - Xingtai Bank was fined 1.5 million yuan for engaging in arbitrage activities and failing to implement the "three checks" loan system, with eight responsible individuals also penalized [10]. - The regulatory bodies have repeatedly warned against fund arbitrage and the need for banks to set loan rates based on sustainable commercial principles [11]. Group 4: Compliance Characteristics in May - There was a significant increase in penalties related to cybersecurity and data security, with 13 fines issued, marking an 85.71% increase compared to the previous month [12]. - The PBOC issued 11 fines related to cybersecurity, while the CSRC issued two fines to futures companies [12]. - The most common violations included breaches of cybersecurity management regulations and failure to report cybersecurity incidents in a timely manner [12]. Group 5: Anti-Money Laundering Efforts - In May, the PBOC issued 133 fines related to anti-money laundering, representing a 12.71% increase from April [13]. - The most frequent violation was the failure to fulfill customer identity verification obligations, accounting for 67.67% of the fines [13]. Group 6: Penalty Rankings - Xingtai Bank had the highest penalty amount in May, receiving two fines exceeding 1 million yuan [14]. - The second highest was the Bank of Communications with a total penalty of 2.6632 million yuan, followed by Beijing Bank with 2.4 million yuan [16].