Report Information - Report Title: Black Metal Weekly - Steel Products [1] - Date: October 27, 2025 [3] - Analyst: Bai Jing [3] - Industry: Black Metal (Steel) 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content 2. Core Viewpoints - Macro expectations have improved, leading to a low - level repair of steel prices. The current supply is relatively high, which suppresses price rebounds. Although hot - rolled coil production and sales have marginally improved, the demand side is weak, and the supply - demand gap remains at a high level. The short - term steel price is expected to oscillate and repair at a low level [6][7]. 3. Summary by Section 3.1 Supply and Demand Fundamentals 3.1.1 Steel Production and Inventory - The overall output of the five major steel products increased by 8.37 tons. The factory inventory of the five major products decreased by 1.27 tons, and the social inventory decreased by 26.14 tons. The apparent demand was 892.73 tons, a week - on - week increase of 17.32 tons [6]. - The output of rebar this week was 207.07 tons (+5.91), including 179.14 tons of long - process production (+4.41) and 27.93 tons of short - process production (+1.5) [55]. - The output of hot - rolled coil this week was 322.46 tons, a week - on - week increase of 0.62 tons. The apparent demand for hot - rolled coil was 326.73 tons, a week - on - week increase of 11.18 tons. The factory inventory decreased by 0.5 tons, the social inventory decreased by 3.77 tons, and the total inventory decreased by 4.27 tons [76]. - The original sample rebar factory inventory was 184.63 tons (-0.01), the social inventory was 437.48 tons (-18.93), and the total inventory was 622.11 tons (-18.94) [73]. 3.1.2 Production Capacity and Utilization - The blast furnace capacity utilization rate of 247 steel enterprises was 89.9% (-0.39, -0.43% week - on - week), and the daily average molten iron output was 239.9 tons (-1.05, -0.44% week - on - week) [40]. - As of October 23, the capacity utilization rate of 89 domestic electric arc furnace plants was 33.2% (-1.2) [43]. 3.1.3 Scrap Steel - As of October 23, the price of scrap steel in Zhangjiagang was 2,140 yuan/ton, unchanged from the previous week. The capacity utilization rate of 89 independent electric arc furnace enterprises was 33.2%, a week - on - week decrease of 1.2 percentage points. The daily consumption of 255 sample steel mills was 51.4 tons, a week - on - week decrease of 0.94 tons. The daily consumption of 132 long - process steel mills was 24.9 tons/day, a week - on - week decrease of 0.31 tons. The short - process daily consumption was 16.5 tons, a week - on - week decrease of 0.56 tons, a decrease of 3.3%. The daily arrival of 255 sample steel mills was 48.6 tons, a week - on - week decrease of 3.41 tons, a decrease of 6.6%. The total scrap steel inventory of 255 steel enterprises was 473.4 tons, a week - on - week decrease of 6.06 tons, a decrease of 1.3% [7]. 3.1.4 Market Demand - Construction steel trading volume and cement mill operating rate can reflect market demand to some extent. The national cement mill operating rate increased by 1.76 percentage points to 43.99% week - on - week [67]. 3.2 Macro Data 3.2.1 Steel Output - In 2024, the national crude steel output was 1.005 billion tons, a decrease of 13.99 million tons or 1.7% compared with 2023; the pig iron output was 852 million tons, a decrease of 13.27 million tons or 2.3% compared with 2023. From January to September 2025, the cumulative pig iron output was 646 million tons, a decrease of 1.1% compared with the same period in 2024; the cumulative crude steel output was 746 million tons, a decrease of 2.9% compared with the same period in 2024 [15]. 3.2.2 Economic Indicators - In September 2025, the PMI was 49.8%. The production index was 51.9%, the new order index was 49.7%, and the new export order index was 47.8% [20]. - From January to September 2025, the national fixed - asset investment (excluding rural households) was 3,715.35 billion yuan, a year - on - year decrease of 0.5%. In September, infrastructure investment (excluding electricity, heat, gas, and water production and supply industries) decreased by 4.65% year - on - year; manufacturing investment decreased by 1.92% year - on - year; real estate development investment decreased by 21.28% year - on - year [25]. - From January to September, the floor area under construction of real estate development enterprises was 6.4858 billion square meters, a year - on - year decrease of 9.4%. The newly started floor area of housing was 453.99 million square meters, a year - on - year decrease of 18.9%. The completed floor area of housing was 311.29 million square meters, a year - on - year decrease of 15.3% [28]. 3.3 Market Structure and Strategy 3.3.1 Price Spreads - This week, the spread between hot - rolled coil and rebar widened [37]. - As of October 24, the price difference between cold - rolled and hot - rolled steel in Shanghai was 590 yuan/ton (+20) [83]. 3.3.2 Export Situation - As of October 24, China's FOB export price was 440 US dollars (-20), and the export profit was - 27.5 US dollars (-24.4). The outbound volume of 32 major domestic ports was 2.3221 million tons (-0.646 million), a week - on - week increase of 37.5% [88].

Report Title - The report is titled "Steel 10 Monthly Report" dated September 26, 2025, issued by Galaxy Futures [1][6][21] Core Viewpoint - The demand for steel is improving, and the valuation is low, so there is room for steel price repair [1] Summary by Directory 1. Fundamental Situation - **Price and Basis**: The report provides seasonal charts of Shanghai 20mm螺纹现货价格, Shanghai 4.75mm热卷现货价格, 螺纹 01 合约基差, and 热卷 01 合约基差, etc. [8][11] - **Production**: It includes statistics on monthly pig iron production, monthly crude steel production, 247 steel mills' daily average hot metal output, and 89 independent electric arc furnace capacity utilization [26][27] - **Import and Export**: Charts show steel import quantity, billet import quantity, steel export volume, and billet export volume [29][58] - **Demand and Inventory**: There are data on the weekly apparent demand and total inventory of five major steel varieties, as well as those of 螺纹钢 and 热卷 [41][42][48] 2. October Market Outlook - **Profit and Production**: The report presents the 01 合约螺纹盘面利润, 01 合约热卷盘面利润, 螺纹周产量, and 热卷周产量 [25][70] - **Macro - economic Indicators**: It includes social financing scale new additions, new RMB loans, fixed - asset investment cumulative year - on - year, and other macro - economic data [76][80] - **Real Estate and Infrastructure**: Data on real estate such as commercial housing sales area monthly year - on - year, housing new construction area monthly year - on - year, and infrastructure - related data like local government special bond issuance amount are provided [82][97] - **Industrial Indicators**: It shows PMI sub - item performance, manufacturing PMI, industrial enterprise profit total cumulative year - on - year, and other industrial indicators [107][110] - **Downstream Industries**: Data on downstream industries including China's automobile monthly output, civil steel ship production year - on - year, etc. are presented [118]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - There is an expectation of inventory replenishment before the double festivals, leading to a low - level repair of steel prices. However, the rebound height may be limited as the supply - demand gap in September, although alleviated, remains at a high level. After the contraction of per - ton steel profit, the driving force for further decline slows down. The raw material varieties show obvious differentiation, and short - term attention should be paid to cost fluctuations. Currently, the long - short game is intense, and prices remain fluctuating within the range. The rebound pressure is concerned with off - peak electricity cost, and cautious operation is recommended [5][6] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Supply and Demand Fundamentals - **Steel Price and Output**: Last week, domestic steel spot prices rebounded slightly. As of Friday, the price of rebar in East China's Shanghai was 3260 yuan (+70), and the price of hot - rolled coil was 3420 yuan (+20). As of September 18, the overall output of five major steel products decreased by 17,800 tons. The inventory in steel mills decreased by 11,400 tons, and the social inventory increased by 62,700 tons. The apparent demand was 8.5033 million tons, a week - on - week increase of 70,000 tons [5] - **Profit**: As of September 19, in the long - process spot market, the cash - inclusive cost of East China rebar was 3135 yuan, with a profit of about 95 yuan per ton; the cash - inclusive profit of hot - rolled coil was about 185 yuan per ton. In the electric - arc furnace market, the flat - rate electricity cost of East China rebar was about 3335 yuan, and the off - peak electricity cost was about 3208 yuan. The profit of flat - rate electricity was about - 245 yuan per ton, and the profit of off - peak electricity was about - 118 yuan per ton [5] - **Scrap Steel**: As of September 18, the price of scrap steel in Zhangjiagang was 2130 yuan/ton, a week - on - week increase of 50 yuan/ton. The capacity utilization rate of 89 independent electric - arc furnace enterprises was 32.3%, a week - on - week decrease of 2.8 percentage points. The daily consumption of 255 sample steel mills was 531,000 tons, a week - on - week decrease of 16,300 tons. The daily arrival of 255 sample steel mills was 505,000 tons, a week - on - week increase of 24,500 tons, with an increase rate of 5.1%. The total scrap steel inventory of 255 steel enterprises was 4.325 million tons, a week - on - week increase of 39,500 tons, with an increase rate of 0.9% [6] - **Macro Data**: In 2024, the national crude steel output was 1.005 billion tons, a decrease of 13.99 million tons compared with 2023, with a decline rate of 1.7%. The pig iron output was 852 million tons, a decrease of 13.27 million tons compared with 2023, with a decline rate of 2.3%. From January to August 2025, the cumulative output of pig iron was 579 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 0.2%, and the cumulative output of crude steel was 672 million tons, a year - on - year decrease of 2.8% [20] - **Investment and Real Estate Data**: From January to July 2025, the national fixed - asset investment (excluding rural households) was 3.26111 trillion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 0.5%. In August, infrastructure investment (excluding electricity, heat, gas, and water production and supply industries) decreased by 5.85% year - on - year; manufacturing investment decreased by 1.3% year - on - year; real estate development investment decreased by 19.95% year - on - year. From January to August, the housing construction area of real estate development enterprises was 6.43109 billion square meters, a year - on - year decrease of 9.3%. The new housing start - up area was 398.01 million square meters, a year - on - year decrease of 19.5%. The housing completion area was 276.94 million square meters, a year - on - year decrease of 17% [28][31] 3.2 Main Variety Basis, Main Variety Inter - Period, Arbitrage Strategy Tracking - **Arbitrage Strategy**: The spread between hot - rolled coil and rebar has been falling from a high level this week [42] 3.3 Supply Analysis - **Long - Process Supply**: As of September 19, the blast furnace capacity utilization rate of 247 steel enterprises was 90.4%, a week - on - week increase of 0.17 percentage points, with an increase rate of 0.19%. The daily average pig iron output was 2.41 million tons, a week - on - week increase of 4700 tons, with an increase rate of 0.20% [45] - **Short - Process Supply**: As of September 18, the capacity utilization rate of 89 domestic electric - arc furnace plants was 32.3% (- 2.8). As of September 19, the price difference between pig iron and scrap steel was - 13 yuan (- 59) [48] - **Scrap Steel Arrival, Consumption, and Inventory**: The daily arrival of 255 steel mills increased, the daily consumption decreased, and the inventory increased [6] 3.4 Demand - Related Data - **Building Materials Transaction**: The transaction volume data of building materials in the northern, eastern, and southern regions are presented, but no specific analysis is provided [64][67][68] - **Cement Mill Start - Up Rate**: The average start - up load of cement mills has increased to a certain extent. The average start - up load of national cement mills is 44.88%, a week - on - week increase of 1.1 percentage points, and the increase rate has narrowed by 1.97 percentage points. The demand growth is still weak, and most regions have no obvious increase and are still in a fluctuating state [73] - **Real Estate Sales**: The high - frequency data of real estate sales in 30 cities are presented, but no specific analysis is provided [75] 3.5 Product - Specific Supply and Demand - **Rebar**: This week, the original sample rebar output was 2.0645 million tons (- 54,800), including 1.7972 million tons of long - process output (- 48,500) and 267,300 tons of short - process output (- 6300). The original sample rebar mill inventory was 1.6507 million tons (- 15,600), the social inventory was 4.8521 million tons (- 20,200), and the total inventory was 6.5028 million tons (- 35,800) [61][78] - **Hot - Rolled Coil**: This week, the hot - rolled coil output was 326,490 tons, a week - on - week increase of 13,500 tons. The apparent demand was 321,820 tons, a week - on - week decrease of 43,400 tons. In terms of inventory, the mill inventory increased by 4200 tons, the social inventory increased by 42,500 tons, and the overall inventory increased by 46,700 tons [81] 3.6 Other Data - **Cold - Hot Price Difference**: As of September 19, the cold - hot price difference in Shanghai was 510 yuan/ton (- 10) [88] - **Export Situation**: As of September 19, the FOB export price in China was 485 US dollars (+6), the export profit was - 5.7 US dollars (- 2), and the outbound volume of 32 domestic major ports was 2.8305 million tons (+122,200) [92]