2025年1月，中共中央、国务院印发了《乡村全面振兴规划（2024-2027年）》，为乡村振兴绘制了更为 系统、具体的蓝图。日前，在东北师范大学举办的2025年农村教育国际会议暨中国教育学会农村教育分 会上，与会的专家学者达成共识：乡村教育作为乡村社会基础性、先导性支撑，其发展质量深刻影响着 乡村全面振兴目标的实现进程。 "公平优质创新：城乡教育融合发展"是这次研讨会的主题。参会专家学者认为，近年来乡村教育在办学 条件改善、义务教育普及等方面取得了显著成效，但仍然存在一些问题。例如，乡村教育和乡村社会关 系逐渐疏离、乡村教育体系的结构不完整和功能不健全、乡村教育缺乏多元主体参与、乡村教育自身特 色不够等。 上海市崇明区教育局局长黄宗逵认同汤勇的观点。在国际大都市上海市的崇明区，正在持续进行一场乡 村教育现代化实践。 黄宗逵介绍，崇明区的学校离散度高，85%左右的生源集中在4个乡镇，其余14个乡镇常住人口少，学 龄人口少，小规模学校多。崇明区的解决方法是：通过多种形式的集团化办学，扩大优质教育资源供 给，抬升底部，办好更多家门口的好学校，实现教育优质均衡，推进乡村教育现代化。 不少乡村小规模学校面临着生源少、资 ...

Core Points - The article discusses how Henan Province has successfully ensured that over 937,000 migrant children have access to quality education, with more than 94% attending public schools [1][2] - The provincial government has implemented policies to integrate migrant children's education into urban development plans and financial support [1][2] Group 1: Enrollment and Policy Measures - As of the end of 2024, the number of students in compulsory education in Henan is projected to reach 14.2368 million [1] - Henan has adopted a principle of "government of the receiving area as the main body, public full-time schools as the main body" to facilitate the enrollment of migrant children [1][2] - The province has introduced a "first enroll, then supplement the certificate" policy to ease the enrollment process for migrant children [1][2] Group 2: Infrastructure and Quality Improvement - By the end of 2024, Henan plans to build 60 new compulsory education schools and renovate or expand 260 schools, adding 112,600 quality school places [2] - The province has implemented a group-based schooling model to enhance the quality of education in weaker and newly established schools, covering 10,600 schools with a coverage rate of 53% [2] - Initiatives such as "county management of school hiring" and "excellent teacher programs" have been introduced to promote the balanced distribution of quality teaching resources [2] Group 3: Integration and Support for Migrant Children - The province ensures that migrant children and local students are treated equally in terms of enrollment, class assignments, teaching, and activities [2] - Emphasis is placed on the integration and growth of migrant children through the establishment of standardized parent schools, fostering closer ties between schools and families [2]

Core Viewpoint - The city is focusing on enhancing the quality and balanced development of basic education, ensuring that all schools are prepared for the new academic year with a total of 3728 schools and 2.0775 million students successfully starting classes on time [1][2]. Group 1: Education Development Strategy - The city aims to create a batch of high-quality public schools to promote the balanced and in-depth development of basic education, addressing the public's need for quality education [2]. - Emphasis is placed on optimizing the layout of quality educational resources and accelerating the improvement of infrastructure to ensure convenient access to schools for students [2]. - The management system will be improved to leverage the advantages of quality schools, exploring a group-based operation mechanism to enhance resource sharing and complementarity [2]. Group 2: School Management and Quality Assurance - There is a focus on enhancing teaching quality and management levels through improved management systems and mechanisms, ensuring better educational outcomes [1][2]. - Safety management of food, school buildings, and facilities will be strengthened, alongside a focus on students' physical and mental health to create a safe and comfortable learning environment [2].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the structural changes in teacher resources in China, highlighting the surplus of elementary school teachers and the shortage of middle and high school teachers due to demographic shifts in the student population [1][2][3]. Group 1: Teacher Resource Changes - The number of teachers needed is primarily determined by the number of students enrolled, with significant changes in student populations across different education levels due to declining birth rates [2]. - By 2024, the number of elementary school teachers is projected to decrease by 66,200 to 6.5901 million, indicating that the number of teachers leaving the profession exceeds those being hired [2]. - In contrast, the number of middle and high school students is expected to peak in the coming years, with middle school enrollment increasing by 1.4247 million and high school enrollment by 1.1865 million in 2024 [3]. Group 2: Cross-Stage Teaching - Cross-stage teaching is seen as a flexible solution to address the mismatch between teacher supply and student demand, allowing teachers from elementary schools to teach in middle and high schools [4][5]. - The difficulty of cross-stage teaching varies, with subjects like political education being easier to transition into due to the ongoing integration of political education across all school levels [5][6]. - However, the lack of a streamlined process for teachers to obtain qualifications for different educational stages poses a challenge, as teachers must undergo retraining or requalification to teach at different levels [7]. Group 3: Educational Models and Mechanisms - The implementation of integrated educational models, such as nine-year and twelve-year continuous education systems, can facilitate cross-stage teaching and improve educational continuity [9][10]. - Schools like Chongqing Xiejiawan School exemplify successful cross-stage teaching by allowing teachers to work across different educational levels, enhancing the integration of knowledge [8][9]. - To effectively manage teacher allocation across stages, it is suggested to optimize hiring standards and prioritize hiring teachers with qualifications for higher educational levels [10]. Group 4: Teacher Adaptability and Quality - While encouraging cross-stage teaching, it is crucial to consider the adaptability of teachers, as not all elementary teachers may be suited for middle or high school teaching [11]. - The approach to addressing the teacher shortage should not compromise the quality of education, as forced transitions may lead to dissatisfaction with middle and high school education [11].

Core Insights - The article highlights the opening of several newly constructed and renovated schools in Nanjing, which aim to enhance the quality of education and optimize resource allocation in the city [2][5]. New Schools: Emphasis on Aesthetics and High Standards - Newly built schools, such as Mingdao School Research and Innovation Park, feature modern architectural designs and high-quality facilities, including spacious outdoor activity areas and advanced teaching equipment [3][4]. - The Mingdao School will implement its educational philosophy and management strategies, ensuring a high standard of education [3]. Renovated Schools: Maximizing Existing Resources - The transformation of existing schools, like Tianyin High School Mixiu Street Campus, aims to increase the availability of high school placements by repurposing former junior high facilities [4]. - The new campus design accommodates 2,100 high school students, with a focus on enhancing sports facilities and classroom resources [4][5]. Expanding Access to Quality Education - The Nanjing education authorities are increasing the supply of quality educational resources, with several new schools and kindergartens set to open, including five new institutions in Jianye District and multiple others across various districts [5]. - The initiative aims to improve the educational environment and enhance the overall educational experience for students, thereby increasing public satisfaction and sense of well-being [5].

Group 1 - The core point of the article is the collaboration between Fangshan District Education Committee and Huangchenggen Primary School to establish a branch school in Yan Village, aiming to enhance quality education through integrated management and resource sharing [1] - The partnership marks a deepening of educational cooperation between Fangshan District and Xicheng District, focusing on promoting balanced development in compulsory education [1] - Huangchenggen Primary School will provide management concepts, curriculum systems, and cultural resources to the Yan Village campus, ensuring a unified management approach [1] Group 2 - The Yan Village Central School will officially become the Yan Village campus of Huangchenggen Primary School, with the principal of Huangchenggen serving as the honorary principal [1] - The collaboration includes sending outstanding teachers and expert teams to guide teaching, as well as providing on-the-job training for Yan Village teachers [1] - Both parties will work together in areas such as curriculum reform, teaching research, and teacher development to promote the sharing of quality educational resources [1]

Group 1 - The core objective of the educational reform in the Kenli District is to create high-quality high schools within the community, aiming for significant improvements over three to five years [1] - The establishment of the Dongying No. 1 Middle School Education Group Kenli Campus marks a successful transformation, showcasing a vibrant and confident educational environment [1][2] - The collaboration between Kenli No. 1 Middle School and Dongying No. 1 Middle School involves a deep integration of resources and management practices, enhancing educational quality [2][3] Group 2 - The initiative began with a top-level design approach, leading to a partnership agreement signed in November 2022, which facilitated the entry of experienced educators into Kenli No. 1 Middle School [2] - A team of ten distinguished teachers from Dongying No. 1 Middle School was deployed to Kenli, bringing advanced educational concepts and management experiences [2][3] - The management structure has been reformed to a flat model, promoting teacher competition and collaboration between the two campuses [3] Group 3 - The introduction of a personalized training mechanism aims to address the diverse learning needs of students, focusing on a three-pronged approach of high-stakes exams, foundational skills, and competitions [4] - The classroom transformation emphasizes efficiency, shifting from traditional teaching methods to a student-centered learning approach [4][5] - A new evaluation system has been implemented, focusing on student progress rather than just rankings, encouraging teachers to support individual student growth [5] Group 4 - The collaboration has fostered innovative educational practices, such as the "appreciative education" model, which recognizes and rewards outstanding contributions from both teachers and students [7][8] - The integration of resources and ideas between the two schools has led to significant improvements in student performance, exemplified by notable achievements in examinations [7][8] - The partnership represents a deep-rooted transformation in educational practices, moving beyond superficial collaborations to a profound integration of educational philosophies and methodologies [8]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of science education in enhancing youth scientific literacy and fostering technological innovation talent, as highlighted by the director of the Beijing Haidian District Education Science Research Institute [1] - In 2023, the Ministry of Education and 18 other departments issued guidelines to strengthen science education in primary and secondary schools, focusing on integrating education, technology, and talent development [1] - The conference showcased various innovative practices in science education, with school principals sharing their experiences on how to create a "new engine" for the development of science education [1] Group 2 - The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into education is reshaping teaching methods and educational ecosystems, prompting educators to rethink how to conduct science education in the AI era [2] - The principal of Renmin University Affiliated High School proposed two approaches to leverage AI in science education: incorporating AI into the curriculum and using AI as a tool to enhance students' AI literacy [2] - The school has developed a comprehensive AI curriculum system with over 30 courses and has created more than 100 teaching cases for interdisciplinary AI education [2] Group 3 - The importance of cultivating humanistic literacy alongside AI in science education was emphasized, with a focus on integrating AI into various educational contexts, including arts education [3] - A notable course combining information technology and history allowed students to engage with cultural heritage, enhancing their cultural confidence [4] Group 4 - The scarcity of quality educational resources in science education necessitates the sharing of resources among schools, particularly in underprivileged areas [5] - Group-based education is identified as a key method to promote equitable access to quality educational resources, as outlined in the 2023 action plan by the Ministry of Education [5] - Experts at the conference stressed the need for unified educational philosophies and mechanisms across different schools within educational groups to avoid fragmentation [5][6] Group 5 - The principal of Beijing No. 80 Middle School shared experiences from their educational group, which includes ten schools and provides support to schools in less developed regions [6] - The group focuses on creating a cohesive scientific education system through cultural, institutional, and digital collaboration, while also ensuring smooth transitions between educational stages [6] Group 6 - The "Home-School-Society Collaborative Education" model aims to mobilize community resources to enhance science education, with examples of partnerships between schools and technology companies [7] - Various initiatives, such as building observatories and weather stations, have been implemented to enrich the educational experience for students [7] Group 7 - Huangpu District has developed a collaborative model for science education across different educational stages, integrating family, community, and institutional resources [8][9] - The district's approach includes creating specialized science courses that leverage local scientific resources and partnerships with higher education institutions to foster innovation and research skills among students [9]

Core Viewpoint - Hangzhou Changshouqiao Education Group emphasizes the importance of nurturing every child with a sunny disposition, focusing on a collaborative educational approach that integrates family, school, and community [1][2]. Group 1: Historical Background and Development - Established in 1962, Changshouqiao Primary School has evolved into a prominent educational institution in Hangzhou, recognized for its commitment to quality education and cultural heritage [1]. - The school has received over 160 honors, including the recent designation as a "National Civilized Campus," reflecting its long-standing dedication to educational excellence [1]. Group 2: Educational Philosophy and Curriculum - The core educational philosophy revolves around the concept of "sunshine," which is manifested through a robust teacher training system and a collaborative educational framework [2]. - The "Sunshine Gold Curriculum" integrates national, local, and school-based courses, supported by a "Three Nourishment" ideological framework that promotes moral education and community service [2]. Group 3: Extracurricular Activities and Community Engagement - The school hosts various events, such as art exhibitions and science festivals, to foster creativity and responsibility among students, encouraging them to engage with their community [3]. - The "1+6" moral education initiative has been expanded to include interdisciplinary projects that promote ecological awareness and cultural heritage, linking school activities with family and community values [3]. Group 4: Future Directions and Goals - The school aims to enhance its educational practices by integrating social responsibility into daily activities, ensuring that every child has a role within the school community [4]. - Future plans include strengthening infrastructure, transforming the teaching workforce, and exploring diverse educational pathways to further enrich the learning environment for students [4].

Core Viewpoint - The Hainan Provincial Education Department has issued the "Hainan Province Primary and Secondary School Weak School Improvement Action Plan (2025-2027)" aiming to enhance the educational quality of weak schools and reduce disparities across urban and rural areas, ultimately achieving 100% inclusion of weak schools in group-based management [2][3] Group 1: Key Tasks - The plan outlines 10 key tasks including strengthening party leadership, enhancing teacher quality, standardizing school management, integrating diverse educational reforms, supporting research to improve quality, expanding group-based schooling, meeting school condition standards, advancing digital education, monitoring quality, and facilitating experience exchange [2][3] - A significant focus is on promoting group management between quality schools and weak schools, with a target of 100% inclusion of weak schools in this model [2] Group 2: Funding and Resource Allocation - Approximately 370 million yuan is planned for investment in smart education infrastructure for primary and secondary schools, with at least 75% of the funds directed towards rural areas, aiming to improve the digital education environment of 707 township schools [2] Group 3: Teacher Development - The plan emphasizes the construction of a strong teaching staff for weak schools, ensuring that the proportion of full-time ideological and political education teachers in primary schools reaches over 70%, and that all junior and senior high schools are equipped with dedicated teachers [3] - There will be preferential arrangements for excellent teachers and graduates from teacher training programs to teach in weak schools, particularly in the early grades of primary and junior high schools [3] Group 4: Curriculum Development - The initiative aims to develop regionally distinctive school-based curricula that integrate national and local educational content, leveraging Hainan's unique ecological, historical, and cultural attributes [3] Group 5: Implementation and Oversight - To ensure effective implementation of the plan, the provincial education department will enhance coordination, provide professional guidance, and promote best practices through various forms of publicity to raise awareness among the community and parents about quality schools [3]