Core Viewpoint - The development of new-type infrastructure is essential for achieving significant breakthroughs in the new quality productivity during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, as highlighted in the Central Committee's suggestions for national economic and social development [1][2][5]. Infrastructure Development - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasized accelerating the construction of new-type infrastructure, while the "15th Five-Year Plan" suggests "moderately ahead" construction to align with the urgent needs of economic transformation and upgraded growth momentum [2][6]. - The focus is on building emerging pillar industries and accelerating the development of strategic emerging industry clusters such as new energy and low-altitude economy, which rely heavily on new-type infrastructure like computing power and communication networks [2][8]. Strategic Planning - The "15th Five-Year Plan" aims to create a modern infrastructure system, promoting the efficient utilization of information communication networks, integrated computing power networks, and major scientific and technological infrastructures [5][10]. - The government emphasizes the need for a balanced approach in infrastructure investment, ensuring alignment with industry demands and technological trends while avoiding blind expansion and resource waste [11]. Economic Integration - The integration of technology, industry, and economy is crucial, with new-type infrastructure expected to support technological innovation and enable digital transformation across various sectors [9][10]. - The suggestions outline four key tasks: optimizing traditional industries, nurturing emerging industries, promoting high-quality service development, and constructing a modern infrastructure system [9]. Future Outlook - The focus on "moderately ahead" infrastructure construction is seen as a way to gain a competitive edge in global technology and to guide the transformation of traditional industries, enhancing the resilience of industrial chains [8][10]. - The government aims to ensure that advanced manufacturing and modern service industries can achieve high-quality development in a supportive hardware environment, ultimately contributing to the realization of socialist modernization by 2035 [10].

Core Viewpoint - The rapid development of technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and cloud computing is driving a new round of technological revolution, with new infrastructure construction being a key support for the growth of new technologies, industries, and business models during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [1] Investment and Financing - New infrastructure is recognized as an important part of China's modern infrastructure system, categorized into three main areas: information infrastructure, integrated infrastructure, and innovative infrastructure [2] - The government is increasing funding for new infrastructure, with local government special bonds for new infrastructure reaching a total of 77.604 billion yuan from 2023 to 2024 [2][3] - Since 2021, there have been 1,669 financing events in the fields of IoT, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, with 227 events exceeding 100 million yuan [3] Information Infrastructure Development - As of April 2025, China is expected to have 4.439 million 5G base stations, an increase of over 3 million from the end of 2021, with 5G mobile phone users reaching 1.081 billion [4] - The economic output directly driven by 5G is estimated to be around 5.6 trillion yuan, with indirect output reaching approximately 14 trillion yuan from 2019 to 2024 [4] Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Internet - By the end of 2024, China is expected to have 302 generative AI services registered, with the core AI industry scale nearing 600 billion yuan [5] - The industrial internet has integrated into 49 categories of the national economy, with a core industry scale expected to exceed 1.5 trillion yuan by 2024 [5] Integrated Infrastructure and Smart Energy - China has built the world's largest UHV network, with 42 UHV projects in operation and a transmission capacity exceeding 300 million kilowatts [6] - New energy storage projects have reached an installed capacity of 73.76 million kilowatts, a 130% increase from the end of 2023 [6] Innovative Infrastructure - By the end of 2023, China has established 77 national major scientific and technological infrastructures, with 57 large scientific devices under construction or in operation [7]