中国青年报客户端北京12月31日电（中青报·中青网记者 王梓） 美国《科学》杂志近日公布了2025年度十大科学突破，其中，全球可再生能源的普及被评为"年度突 破"。《科学》杂志认为，2025年，全球可再生能源在多个领域超过传统能源，这一重大转型主要由中 国引领。 停电难题困扰南非多年，但如今，这个发展中国家已找到良方。得益于物美价廉的中国太阳能板和电 池，太阳能与储能系统已广泛应用于南非的各行各业。从购物中心、汽车制造工厂、酒庄、金矿，到过 去仅能点亮灯泡的乡村社区，绿色能源深刻重塑了南非的贸易与工业发展格局，显著改善了当地民众的 生活品质。 南非民众不再完全依赖大型燃煤电厂，这使当地的电力公司开始重新思考其运营模式。南非"非洲可持 续能源"机构的项目经理乔尔·那纳称之为突破世代积弊的"自下而上的变革"。"旧体系意味着电力供应 不可靠、电价高昂。我们曾长期深陷这种困境。"他说。 如今，与南非相似的转型浪潮正在向整个非洲大陆蔓延。全球能源智库"余烬"组织的一份报告显示，截 至2025年6月的12个月内，非洲国家自中国进口的太阳能电池板增加了60%，创历史新高；这或将改变 众多国家的能源格局。 《纽约时报》称，这 ...

Group 1 - The Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering announced the list of valid candidates for the 2025 academician election, with 639 candidates from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and 660 from the Chinese Academy of Engineering [1][5] - The total number of academicians to be elected in 2025 is capped at 100 for both academies, with specific allocations for various engineering disciplines [1][2] - The election process includes external peer evaluations and an election conference to select the new academicians [1] Group 2 - The 2025 election guidelines include special provisions for candidates from private technology enterprises, those working in remote western regions, and a special channel for certain candidates [2] - A "silent period" has been established for candidates, prohibiting participation in meetings or activities that could influence the election's fairness [3][4] - Violations of election discipline can lead to permanent disqualification and lifelong accountability for candidates [4] Group 3 - Notable young candidates include Liu Yifeng and Wang Shuao, both born in 1985, representing a new generation of scholars [6][8] - Other candidates include "80s" scholars like Chang Chao and Fu Qiaomei, who have previously been nominated [10][12] - The list features candidates from emerging fields such as solar energy, lithium-ion batteries, and artificial intelligence, highlighting the focus on innovative industries [16][20] Group 4 - The presence of candidates from new research universities like Westlake University and Ningbo Oriental Institute of Technology indicates a trend towards recognizing contributions from these institutions [22][24] - The election process emphasizes the importance of academic integrity and the need for objective evaluations of candidates [4][3]

Group 1 - The Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering announced the list of valid candidates for the 2025 academician election, with 639 candidates from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and 660 from the Chinese Academy of Engineering [1] - Notable candidates in the "new three items" industry, including solar energy batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and electric vehicles, include BYD's chief scientist Lian Yubo and CATL's chief scientist Wu Kai [1] - Lian Yubo, born in April 1964, has a background in aircraft manufacturing engineering and has held various engineering roles before becoming the chief scientist at BYD [1] - Wu Kai, born in November 1968, has extensive experience in the energy sector and recently resigned as vice president of CATL while continuing as chief scientist [2] Group 2 - Li Zhenguo, a candidate from the photovoltaic industry, is associated with LONGi Green Energy Technology Co., Ltd. and has made significant contributions to the research and application of photovoltaic technology [2][3] - Li Zhenguo has led multiple key technology developments in the photovoltaic sector, contributing to cost reduction and efficiency improvements [3] - In May 2023, LONGi Green Energy announced a management reshuffle, with Li Zhenguo stepping down from several executive roles to focus on research and technology management [3]