200万块太阳能板烂在荒野： 美国能源转型的"崩溃现场"首次曝光 【THE DIARY网8月20日报道】 多年来，太阳能板始终是最受关注的可再生能源载体。这项技术已能适应各种极端环境，将光能转化为电能。在亚利桑那州、加利福尼亚州或德克萨斯州 等阳光丰沛的地区，单块或成片的太阳能板早已屡见不鲜。然而，并非所有太阳能板都在高效运转、持续产出清洁能源—部分太阳能板甚至被遗弃在废弃 的太阳能农场里，在风吹日晒中逐渐锈蚀腐烂。如今，在美国阳光最充沛的州之一，可再生能源的未来正悄然蒙上一层阴影。 2025年太阳能板遇冷：热潮退去背后的深层原因解析 部分太阳能农场深陷产能目标难以兑现的困境，另一些则屡屡遭遇技术故障或极端天气的重创。与此同时，在光照条件有限、却坐拥丰富风能或水能资源 的区域，对可再生能源的需求同样迫切。这场曾被视为势不可挡的能源革命，如今在规划合理性、长期可持续性乃至落地执行层面，都已暴露出越来越多 的深层漏洞。 在美国阳光最炽烈的沙漠地带之一，一个备受瞩目的太阳能板项目正站在命运的转折点上。尽管项目初期愿景宏大，但实地环境对大规模安装形成了限 制。正因如此，企业的规划正大幅调整，也将整个行业推向了新前沿。 ...

先说说背景吧。特朗普今年1月上台后，美国就开始重启贸易战模式，对全球很多国家加关税，名义上是保护本土产业，其实也为了施压俄罗斯。俄罗斯自 从2022年打乌克兰以来，西方就搞石油禁运和价格上限，但俄罗斯靠"影子舰队"绕过去了，很多油卖给了中国、印度这些国家。美国想用二级制裁堵这个口 子，就是不光罚俄罗斯，还罚买家。 特朗普和普京的会晤明天就开了，在阿拉斯加的安克雷奇基地，焦点是乌克兰问题。美国想用关税杠杆撬动俄罗斯让步，但欧洲担心特朗普太软，会让普京 占便宜。欧洲领导人前几天开视频会，英法德乌克兰欧盟北约都参加了，商量怎么劝特朗普别妥协。 贝森特在G7会上提这个，就是想看看欧洲的反应。G7包括美国、加拿大、英国、法国、德国、意大利和日本，本来是西方阵营的核心，但贸易事儿上，大 家利益不一致。欧洲国家，尤其是德国和法国，跟中国贸易额巨大，汽车、机械、奢侈品啥的都靠中国市场。要是真对中国加200%的关税，那不光是石油 问题，整个供应链都得乱套，通胀得蹭蹭涨，企业利润直线掉。 贝森特描述那场面挺逗的，他说自己环视一圈，问完后，那些欧洲领导人就跟小学生被老师点名似的，低头看鞋子，谁都不吭声。这不是啥夸张修辞，是他 亲口 ...

Core Viewpoints - Understanding fragility is essential to comprehend the concept of anti-fragility, where certain systems become stronger and benefit from shocks and volatility [4][40]. - The current economic environment is characterized by high uncertainty, and the best strategy is to remain cautious and observe before making investment decisions [140][149]. Group 1: Investment Strategies - A "barbell strategy" is recommended, where 80% of assets are placed in extremely safe investments, while the remaining 20% is allocated to high-risk opportunities [9][123]. - Traditional diversification may not effectively hedge risks due to changing correlations between assets, making it unreliable [120][121]. - The importance of recognizing hidden risks in seemingly stable investments is emphasized, as these can lead to significant losses during extreme events [81][86]. Group 2: Economic Observations - The U.S. faces increasing vulnerability due to high debt levels and a lack of growth potential, which could lead to stagnation or regression [76][127]. - In contrast, China is viewed as having greater resilience and potential for growth, with a strong capacity to rebound from economic shocks [11][150][155]. - The current global economic landscape is marked by a shift towards "de-dollarization," with investors increasingly turning to gold and other hard assets as a hedge against uncertainty [104][108]. Group 3: Market Dynamics - The interconnectedness of global supply chains has heightened vulnerability, where disruptions in one area can have widespread economic impacts [65][66]. - The concept of "black swan" events highlights the unpredictability of significant market shifts, necessitating a focus on risk management and preparedness [95][100]. - The rise of AI introduces further uncertainty in the market, as its long-term effects on employment and economic structures remain unclear [133][140].

Group 1 - The diplomatic landscape is shifting as leaders from over twenty countries, including France, Brazil, and Vietnam, are increasingly engaging with China, contrasting sharply with the isolation of the U.S. under Trump's aggressive trade policies [1] - Trump's trade policies, including a 125% tariff on China and 41% "reciprocal tariffs" on other nations, have led to significant increases in shipping costs and currency exchange rates, causing global businesses to express dissatisfaction [1] - Mexico's exports to the U.S. have increased despite Trump's tariffs, largely due to a 50% surge in Chinese exports of machinery and electrical equipment to Mexico, highlighting the resilience of global supply chains [1] Group 2 - The internationalization of the Renminbi (RMB) has been unexpectedly accelerated by Trump's tariff policies, with the currency maintaining stability while other emerging market currencies have depreciated significantly [3] - In 2024, China accounted for 35% of global exports of intermediate goods, and its cross-border e-commerce transactions represented 42% of the global total, showcasing China's strong trade position [3] - The establishment of the RMB Cross-Border Payment System (CIPS) has expanded to cover 140 countries, with a projected 28% increase in transaction volume by 2025 [3] Group 3 - French President Macron signed a €20 billion deal during his visit to China, focusing on aviation and renewable energy, while Brazilian President Lula is advancing the "Two Oceans Railway" project to facilitate exports to China [5] - In 2024, Brazil's exports to China constituted 32% of its total exports, compared to only 11% for the U.S., indicating a significant shift in trade dynamics [5] - The rise of the RMB is supported by technological advancements, with a notable increase in the domestic production of high-end machine tools and a strong reliance on China for solar panels and electric vehicle batteries [5] Group 4 - Trump's tariffs, intended to undermine "Made in China," have inadvertently spurred upgrades in China's manufacturing capabilities, with a 7% increase in high-tech manufacturing investment and a 40% surge in aerospace R&D spending in 2024 [7] - Chinese companies have made significant technological breakthroughs, such as the development of a 600 km/h maglev train and advancements in semiconductor technology, enhancing the country's manufacturing competitiveness [7] - The shift in manufacturing capabilities has transformed the RMB from a secondary option to a primary currency in international trade [7] Group 5 - The story of Texas farmer John Carter illustrates the broader trend of businesses adapting to RMB transactions, which have reduced costs and improved cash flow, reflecting a pragmatic approach to currency choice [9] - Grassroots movements towards RMB settlements are emerging globally, with various sectors, including Southeast Asian rubber producers and Australian iron ore miners, exploring this option [9] - China's role as the rotating chair of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has further marginalized the U.S. in multilateral mechanisms, emphasizing the changing dynamics in global diplomacy [9]

Core Insights - Singapore aims to achieve its net-zero emissions target by 2050 through the development of a comprehensive ASEAN grid, which will facilitate renewable energy integration and attract significant foreign investment [2] Investment and Economic Impact - The total investment required for building a complete ASEAN grid, including renewable energy generation and necessary infrastructure, is estimated at $764 billion [2] - The integration of the grid is expected to lower overall power generation costs and stimulate regional economic growth by attracting overseas capital [2] Collaboration and Funding - A robust "government-to-government" cooperation framework is essential for securing funding from both public and private sectors, as well as long-term philanthropic sources [2] - Singapore, as a buyer of renewable energy, plans to drive related investments and collaborate with international partners such as sovereign wealth funds, the World Bank, and the Asian Development Bank to support project sustainability [2]

Core Insights - The transformation of the once barren land in Qinghai into a thriving solar energy hub demonstrates the successful integration of technology and ecology, showcasing a model for sustainable development [1][3] - Qinghai's clean energy capacity has reached 94.6% for installed capacity and 84.5% for green electricity generation, leading the nation in both metrics [1] - The establishment of the Hainan Prefecture's new energy base aims for a total investment of 167.1 billion yuan by the end of 2024, with a target of 30.66 million kilowatts of clean energy installed [1] Group 1 - The solar photovoltaic park in Taratang has significantly reduced wind speed by 50% and soil moisture evaporation by 30% over three years, while vegetation coverage has recovered to 80% [3] - The area has seen the restoration of 14,900 hectares of desertified land over five years, indicating a successful ecological recovery [3] - The "photovoltaic + livestock" model has been developed, enhancing the local pastoral industry and increasing income for herders [3] Group 2 - The region has built 32 ecological photovoltaic pastures and 2,100 acres of ecological photovoltaic forests, promoting a diversified clean energy development model [3] - The innovative approach of utilizing solar panels for sheep farming has been recognized as a valuable development experience worth replicating [3] - The visual transformation of the Taratang area into a "blue photovoltaic ocean" symbolizes the synergy between technology and nature, contributing to ecological protection and high-quality development [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the efforts of over 100 students and teachers from Hong Kong Polytechnic University who are installing solar panels and indoor lighting systems in rural Rwanda, aiming to provide electricity to local households and improve their quality of life [1][2]. Group 1: Project Overview - The "Green Rwanda" solar panel project is part of a mandatory service learning course at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, focusing on practical engagement in communities lacking electricity [1]. - Since its inception in 2013, the project has installed over 2,000 solar power systems in rural households in the Eastern and Southern provinces of Rwanda [3]. Group 2: Impact on Local Communities - The solar power systems provided include a solar panel, a controller, a battery, and three LED lights, significantly improving the living conditions of local families [3]. - Villagers, such as Providence Nikuze, express gratitude for the project, noting that the availability of electricity allows their children to study at night and makes daily tasks easier [2][3]. Group 3: Educational Benefits for Students - The project not only benefits the local community but also fosters personal growth and social responsibility among the participating students [3]. - Students report a sense of joy and fulfillment from contributing to the community, highlighting the dual impact of the project on both the villagers and themselves [3].

Group 1: Bilateral Trade and Investment - In 2024, the bilateral trade volume between China and Italy reached 72.543 billion USD, marking a year-on-year increase of 1.1% [1] - Italy has become China's fourth-largest trading partner in the EU, while China is Italy's largest trading partner in Asia [1] - Chinese enterprises are steadily investing in Italy, with multiple projects already operating successfully, indicating potential for further cooperation [1] Group 2: Green Transition and Cooperation - Italy prioritizes green transition as a national development agenda, aligning with China's manufacturing green transformation [2] - The 2024-2027 action plan signed between China and Italy emphasizes green and sustainable development as key cooperation areas [2] - Chinese companies are not only exporting photovoltaic products to Italy but also investing directly in local solar power plants and related infrastructure [2] Group 3: Electric Vehicle Market - Chinese brands such as BYD and SAIC MG are experiencing continuous sales growth in Italy's electric vehicle market [3] - Geely has recently partnered with local dealers to jointly develop the Italian market [3] Group 4: Challenges for Chinese Enterprises - Chinese enterprises face challenges in Italy, including high uncertainty in the investment environment and complex administrative approval processes [4] - The "Golden Power" law has been used to scrutinize investments in traditional industries and critical infrastructure, affecting Chinese companies' investment enthusiasm [4] - Differences in policies across regions and a complicated tax system contribute to operational uncertainties for Chinese firms [4] Group 5: Compliance and Support - Compliance is deemed essential for Chinese enterprises looking to invest in Italy, necessitating thorough understanding of local policies and potential risks [5] - Companies are advised to conduct market research and prepare for possible operational challenges before investment [5] - The Italy China Chamber of Commerce provides targeted training and consulting services to help Chinese enterprises navigate local regulations and reduce compliance costs [6]

Core Insights - The Zhejiang China-Europe Railway Express (Yixinou) has shown significant growth in container shipments, with a total of 131,000 TEUs shipped in the first half of the year, representing an 11.1% year-on-year increase [1][2] - New routes and transportation modes have been developed, including the first "Jinhua-Baku" international transport corridor and the first multimodal transport service combining rail and road from Yiwu to Tashkent, which reduces transportation time costs by 15% compared to standard rail transport [1] - The railway has expanded its cargo categories, including the first mixed transport of consumer lithium battery products, indicating a continuous optimization of the cargo structure [1] Industry Developments - The Zhejiang China-Europe Railway Express now operates 26 stable cross-border transport routes, covering over 50 countries and more than 160 cities across Eurasia, with a consistent growth trend in cargo shipment volume [2] - To support the growth of cargo types and volumes, Hangzhou Customs has implemented facilitation measures such as "railway fast track" and "direct loading upon arrival," along with a "green channel" for the railway express, ensuring efficient customs clearance [2] - Future initiatives by Hangzhou Customs will focus on enhancing the construction of the China-Europe Railway Express assembly center and further promoting customs facilitation measures to ensure high-quality development of the railway express [2]

Core Viewpoint - The "Big and Beautiful" Act signed by President Trump is expected to exacerbate the fiscal deficit and debt risks in the U.S., while also impacting the competitiveness of the renewable energy sector, particularly solar and electric vehicle industries [1][2]. Summary by Sections Tax Incentives for Energy Storage - The act extends the Investment Tax Credit (ITC) for energy storage projects until 2036, providing a longer policy support window and a more gradual reduction in tax credits compared to previous plans [2][3]. Restrictions on Foreign Entities - The act imposes restrictions on foreign entities, particularly those from China, in energy storage projects. Projects involving "Foreign Entities of Concern" (FEOC) will not qualify for ITC and Production Tax Credit (PTC) if they start construction after December 31, 2025 [4][5]. Impact on Clean Energy Projects - The act terminates several clean energy tax credits, including those for energy-efficient homes and renewable energy equipment, potentially jeopardizing up to 4,500 clean energy projects across the U.S. and threatening numerous jobs [6][7]. Electric Vehicle Industry Challenges - The act significantly impacts the electric vehicle sector by eliminating federal tax credits for new electric vehicle purchases and imposing additional fees on electric vehicle owners, which could lead to increased costs for consumers [8]. Global Market Implications - The act's restrictions on Chinese supply chains may complicate the global expansion of Chinese energy storage companies, forcing U.S. developers to exclude Chinese suppliers to qualify for tax credits, which could trigger a broader market response [9].